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1、Part1AmericanPuritanismtoEnlightenment–ColonialPeriodI.AmericanPuritanism(northcolonies):i.Puritans:ThesettlementoftheNorthAmericancontinentbytheEnglishbeganintheearlypartofthe17thcentury(“Mayflower”,1620)–onAmerica’snorthernseacoast–NewEngland–thefir
2、stsettleswhobecamethefoundingfathersoftheAmericannationwerequiteafewofthemPuritans.ii.IdealofPuritans:Theywereidealiststo“purify”theritualsofthechurch,tolessentheauthorityofbishops,believingthatthechurchshouldberestoredtothe“purity”ofthefirstcenturych
3、urchasestablishbyJesusChristhimself.nBythetimeofElizabeth’sreign,thechurchofEnglandwasclearlyProtestantinrespecttoitsseparationfromRome.nPuritanswereoriginallydevoutmembersoftheChurchofEnglandnThereignofQueenMary–immigratingtoAmericasearchingforreligi
4、ousfreedom–ironically:thetermof“Puritanism”impliesreligiousintolerance,bigotry,austerityoftaste,killingjoywayoflife.why?(Theypersecutedthewitchorthosewhomthecommunitydeemed“hellish”–Hawthorn’sTheScarletLetter)TypicalPuritan’swayoflife–inharmonywiththe
5、irsomberreligion,stressinghardwork,thrift,piety,andsobriety;themostpopularimage–ateetotaler,gaunt,lank-haired,wearingablacksteeplehat–infactadistortion,evokingforatime,antipathyanddisgustiii.Puritanism:Puritanswereagroupofserious,religiouspeople,theyh
6、adtheirowncodeofvalues,aphilosophyoflife,andtheirpointofviewA:Threebasicpuritantenets:nGod’sabsolutesovereignty--Godisall-powerfulandassertsHisinfluenceineveryeventofhumanlifenOriginalSin–ASaresultofAdamandEve’seatingtheforbiddenfruit,allhumanityiscom
7、pletelywicked.nPredestination–HumanracesispredestinedbyGod(JohnCalvin)(TenetsofJohnCalvin:Thestateshouldbetheservantofthechurch.“originaldepravity”,“InAdam’sfall,wesinnedall”–mancannotredeemhisoriginalsinfulness–“Redemption,therefore,mustbeafreegiftfr
8、omGod.OnlyHeandnooneelsemaydecidewhoistobesavedandwhoistogotohell–“Predestination”–Christ,therefore,didnotdieforall,butonlyforthosewhoaretobesaved)B.Anethicwasdevelopedaroundhardwork:Thedriveformoneyandtheacquisitionofwealththroughworkmaynotbe
