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1、SelectedEnglishandAmericanPoemsLiteraryTermsforDiscussingPoetryAlliteration:Therepetitionofinitialsoundsorprominentconsonantsounds.Examples:“Alltheawfulauguries;”“pensivepoets;”“afterlife’sfitfulfever;”“Islip,Islide,Igloom,Iglance”(fromTennyson’s“TheBrook”)Apost
2、rophe:Anaddressingtoanabsentorimaginedpersonortoathingasifitwerepresentandcouldlisten.Example:“Milton!Thoushouldstbelivingatthishour/Englandhathneedofthee:sheisafen/Ofstagnantwaters:”(fromWilliamWordsworth,“London,1802”)Assonance:Therepetition,inwordsofcloseprox
3、imity,ofsameorsimilarvowelsounds,especiallyinstressedsyllables,precededandfollowedbydifferingconsonantsounds.Examples:“deepgreensea;”“light/bride;”“tide/mine”(notethattideandhidearerhymes).Ballad:Ashortnarrativepoem,especiallyonethatissungorrecited,composedofqua
4、trains,with8,6,8,6syllables,withthesecondandfourthlinesrhyming.Aballadoftencontainsarefrain(i.e.arepeatedphrase,line,orgroupoflines).Examples:“Jackaroe;”“TheLongBlackVeil”Blankverse:Unrhymediambicpentameter.Examples:Shakespeare'splaysCarpediempoetry:Poems,whoset
5、hemeis“toseizetheday,”thatisconcernedwiththeshortnessoflifeandtheneedtoactinorenjoythepresent.Examples:Herrick’s“TotheVirginstoMakeMuchofTime”;Marvell's"ToHisCoyMistress"Consonance:Thecounterpartofassonance;therepetitionofidenticalconsonantsoundsinwordswhosemain
6、vowelsdiffer.Alsocalledhalfrhymeorslantrhyme.Examples:shadow/meadow;pressed/passed;trolley/bully;fail/peel.Couplet:Astanzaoftwolines,usually,butnotnecessarily,withend-rhymes(i.e.therhymingwordsoccurattheendsofthelines).CoupletsendthepatternofaShakespeareansonnet
7、.Diction:Thechoiceofvocabularyandofgrammaticalconstructions.Inpoetry,itcanbeformalorhigh—proper,elevated,elaborate,andoftenpolysyllabiclanguage;neutralormiddle—correctlanguagecharacterizedbydirectnessandsimplicity;orinformalorlow—relaxed,conversationalandfamilia
8、rlanguage.Example:thereisadifferenceindictionbetween“Oneneverknows”and“Younevercantell.”Doublerhymeortrochaicrhyme:Rhymingwordsoftwosyllablesinwhichthefirstsyllableis
