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ID:37589417
大小:1.02 MB
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时间:2019-05-25
《加工工艺对菜籽油主要挥发性风味成分的影响》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、2010年12月中国油料作物学报2010,32(4):551-557Chinesejournalofoilcropsciences加工工艺对菜籽油主要挥发性风味成分的影响杨湄,刘昌盛,周琦,郑畅,黄凤洪(中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,湖北武汉430062)摘要:采用固相微萃取(SolidPhaseMicroextraction,SPME)方法顶空萃取富集预榨菜籽毛油、浸出菜籽毛油、一级菜籽油、冷榨菜籽油和脱皮冷榨菜籽油中的挥发性成分,经气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GasChromatography-MassSp
2、ectrometry,GC-MS)检测和初步分析发现,硫甙降解产物、氧化挥发物(醛、醇、烃、酮等)、杂环类物质是构成菜籽油的主要挥发性风味成分;2-甲代-1-丙烯基-氰、5-己腈、1-丁烯基-异硫氰酸酯、苯基丙氰、2-苯基乙基异硫氰酸酯是主要硫甙降解产物;反2-反4-庚二烯醛、反2-反4-癸二烯醛、4-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基苯甲醛、壬醛等醛类物质是氧化挥发物中的主要成分。加工工艺对菜籽油风味影响显著,经高温蒸炒、压榨获得的预榨毛油中杂环类物质种类和相对含量明显高于其它菜籽油。毛油经脱胶、脱酸、脱色、脱臭、脱
3、水等处理后,一级油中产生的醛、醇、酮、烃等氧化挥发物种类增多,相对含量提高;在一级油中未检测到硫甙降解产物。关键词:SPME;GC/MS联用;菜籽油;挥发性风味;加工中图分类号:TQ645.1文献标识码:A文章编号:1007-9084(2010)04-0551-07ProcessingeffectsonvolatileflavorcompositionofrapeseedoilYANGMei,LIUChang-sheng,ZHOUQi,ZHENGChang,HUANGFeng-hong(OilCropsR
4、esearchInstituteofChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Wuhan430062,China)Abstract:Thevolatileflavorcompoundsofcanolaoilsampleswereanalyzedusinggaschromatography-massspectrometry(GCMS).Theoilsampleswereextractedthroughsolidphasemicroextraction(SPME)method
5、.Theyincludedprepressedcrudeoil,extractedcrudeoil,saladoil,coldpressedoilanddehulledcoldpressedoilofrapeseed.Theresultsshowedthatmainvolatileflavorcompositionsweredegradedglucosinolateproducts,oxidationvolatilesandheterocycliccompounds.Themaindegradedg
6、lucosinolateproductsinvolvedmethallylcyanide,5cyano1pentene,1butene4isothiocyanate,benzenepropanenitrile,2Phenylethylisothiocyanate,etc.Aldehydesincluding2,4heptadienal,(E,E),2,4decadienal,(E,E),benzaldehydroxy3,5demethoxyandnonanalwerethemainv
7、olatileoxidationcomponents.Aftertherapeseedwascookedandpressedunderhightemperature,thegradeandcontentsofheterocycliccompoundsofprepressedoilwerehigherthanthoseofothers.Afterthecrudeoilwasrefined(degumming,deacidification,decoloration,deodorizationanddehyd
8、ration),thegradeandcontentsofoxidationvolatiles(aldehydes,alcohols,ketones,hydrocarbons,etc)insaladoilwereincreased.Therewasnodegradedglucosinolateproductdetectedinsaladoil.Keywords:SPME;GC/MS;Rapeseedoil;Vol
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