语言学复习试题集锦

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1、英语语言学复习I.Matching.（连线题）1.functionalshift：Itreferstothechangeofwordsfromonepartofspeechtoanother.2.morphology：Itreferstothestudyoftheinternalstructureofwords,andtherulesbywhichwordsareformed.3.displacement：Itmeansthatlanguagecancommunicateaboutthingsthatareabsent

2、:realorimaginedmattersinthepast,present,orfuture.4.antonymy：Itisastandardtechnicaltermusedfor"oppositenessofmeaningbetweenlexemes：5.acousticphonetics：Itstudiesthephysicalpropertiesofspeechsounds,astransmittedbetweenmouthandear.6.generalization：Itisdefinedastheus

3、eofpreviouslyavailablestrategiesinnewsituations.7.culture：Itreferstothepatternsofcustoms,traditions,socialhabits,valuesandbeliefsofasociety.8.ReceivedPronunciation：ItreferstotheparticularwayofpronouncingstandardEnglish.9.acronym：Itreferstothewordderivedfromthein

4、itialsofseveralwords.10.homonymy：Itreferstothecasethattwo,ormoremeaningsmaybeassociatedwiththesamelinguisticform.11.interference：Itcanbedefinedastheuseofelementsfromonelanguagewhilespeakinganother.12.distinctivefeatures：Thefeaturesthataphonemehasandthatdistingui

5、shitfromotherphonemes.13.articulatoryphonetics：Itstudiesthehumanspeechorgansandthewayinwhichthespeechareproduced.14.duality：Itreferstothefactthatinalllanguages,therearetwolevelsofstructure:higherlevelofmeaningfulunitsandlowerlevelofsounds.15.polysemy：Itreferstot

6、hephenomenonthatthesamewordmayhaveasetofdifferentmeanings.16・blending：Itreferstothecombinationofpartsofotherwords.17.backItreferstothewordcoinedfromalreadyexistingwordsby"subtracting^anaffixthoughttobepartoftheoldword.18.social-classdialect：Itreferstothelinguist

7、icvarietycharacteristicofaparticularsocialclass.19.regionaldialect：Itreferstothelinguisticvarietyusedbypeoplelivinginaparticularplace.20.culturaltransmission：Itmeansthatlanguageispassedonfromonegenerationtothenextbyteachingandlearning.21.ComponentialAnalysis:Itr

8、eferstoanapproachadoptedbystructuralsemanticistsindescribingthemeaningofwordsandphrases.17.suprasegmentalfeatures：Thefeaturesthatarelargerthanthesegment-phoneme,sucha