资源描述：
《低碳饮食【外文翻译】》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、外文翻译原文：TheLow-CarbonDietHowtheMarketCanCurbClimateChangeTheglobaleconomiccrisishasbatteredthefreemarket'sreputation,butthemarketneverthelessremainsapowerfultoolbothforallocatingcapitalandforeffectingsocialchange.Nowhereisthistruerthanwiththechallengeofconfronting
2、andreversingclimatechange.Ofallthemarket-basedtoolsavailableforaddressingthisproblem,themostpotentarecap-and-tradesystemsforgreenhousegasemissions.Intheirmostbasicform,cap-and-tradesystemsworkbymakingitexpensivetoemitgreenhousegases.Asaresult,theownersofanemissio
3、nssourcearemotivatedtoreplaceitwithsomethinglessdamagingtotheenvironment.Iftheyareunableto,thetradingprovisionsallowthemtopurchasepermitstocontinueemittinguntiltheyarereadytoinvestinnewtechnology.Overtime,astheamountofcarbonallowedintotheatmosphereisreduced,thepr
4、iceofapermitisexpectedtoincrease.Inexistingcap-and-trademechanisms,suchastheEuropeanUnion'sGreenhouseGasEmissionTradingScheme,governmentscapthetotalamountofemissionsallowed,andtheamountofemissionspermitteddeclinesovertime.Organizationssuchasutilities,factories,ce
5、mentplants,municipalities,steelmills,andwastesitesaregivenorsoldpermitsthatallowthemtoemitacertainportionoftherelevantregion'stotalgreenhousegases.Ifanorganizationemitslessthanitsallotment,itcanselltheunusedpermitstoentitiesthatplanonexceedingtheirlimits.Undercap
6、-and-tradesystems,companiescantradepermitswithoneanotherthroughbrokersorinorganizedlocalorglobalmarkets.TheAmericanCleanEnergyandSecurityActof2009,the1,201-pagebillintroducedbyHenryWaxman(D-Calif.)andEdwardMarkey(D-Mass.)andpassedbytheU.S.HouseofRepresentativeson
7、June28,isanambitiousattemptbyCongresstoplaycatch-upafterhavingfailedtoapprovetheKyotoProtocol--whichwasratifiedby183parties,includingallthedevelopedcountriesexcepttheUnitedStates,in1998.ThebilladdsfurtheramendmentstotheCleanAirActof1970andgrantsnewauthoritytotheE
8、nvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA),theCommodityFuturesTradingCommission,andtheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission,thelastbeingthenation'smainenergyandelectricityr
