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1、本科毕业论文外文原文外文题目：CarbonFinanceforLow-CarbonCommunityDevelopmentinEastAsia出处：InstituteforGlobalEnvironmentalStrategies(IGES)作者：HidenoriNakamura,PolicyResearcher,PolicyandGovernanceTeam原文：Low-carbondevelopmentisrequiredinEastAsiatoachievedevelopmentconstrainedbyenergyavailabilityandtomitigateanticipa
2、tedclimatechange.Incorporatingclimatechangemitigationintocommunitydevelopmenteffortsisimportanttohelpputcountriesonalow-carbondevelopmentalpathway.However,thisisnoteasytoachieve,andoneofthemajorobstaclesisfinance.Inmanydevelopingcountries,localfundingsourcesarescarce.Toaddressthisobstacle,thisstu
3、dyexploresthepotentialtousenewformsofcarbonfinancefromdevelopedcountries,suchascarboncreditsandvoluntarycarbonoffsetswhichhaverecentlybeenbeingoperatinginpractice,inordertosupportlow-carboncommunitydevelopmentprojectsindevelopingcountries.Thisstudytriestoaddressseveralquestions.Whatisthestateofca
4、rbonfinanceforlow-carboncommunitydevelopmentprojectsinEastAsiandevelopingcountrieswheretheprojectshavedevelopmentalbenefitstothecommunityaswellasgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionsreductioneffects?Arethereanylow-carboncommunitydevelopmentprojectsthatarefinancedbyeithernot-for-profitfinance(i.e.,loanswhic
5、hdonotseekfinancialreturns),orcontributionsbynon-profitorganisations(NPOs)andfoundationsindevelopedcountries?Howcanprojectproponents–eitherlocalgovernmentsorprivateorganizations–betterutilisecarbonfinanceforlow-carboncommunitydevelopmentprojects?Whatcouldotherstakeholders,suchasnationalgovernment
6、sandinternationalorganisations,dotosupportsuchlocalinitiatives?Thisreportexaminestheabovequestionsanddiscussesimplicationsforlocalactors,inparticularlocalgovernments,whoarepromotinglow-carbondevelopmentintheareasofenergy,wasteandtransport,anddevelopspolicysuggestionsfornationalandinternationalpub
7、licinstitutionstosupportsuchlocalactorsinselectedEastAsiandevelopingcountries,i.e.thePhilippines,IndonesiaandChina.Toanswerthesequestions,threecountrycasestudieswereconducted,includingnation-widepreliminarysurveysandin
