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1、TrusteesofPrincetonUniversityCooperationUndertheSecurityDilemmaAuthor(s):RobertJervisSource:WorldPolitics,Vol.30,No.2(Jan.,1978),pp.167-214Publishedby:CambridgeUniversityPressStableURL:http://www.jstor.org/stable/2009958.Accessed:18/08/201107:45YouruseoftheJS
2、TORarchiveindicatesyouracceptanceoftheTerms&ConditionsofUse,availableat.http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jspJSTORisanot-for-profitservicethathelpsscholars,researchers,andstudentsdiscover,use,andbuilduponawiderangeofcontentinatrusteddigitala
3、rchive.Weuseinformationtechnologyandtoolstoincreaseproductivityandfacilitatenewformsofscholarship.FormoreinformationaboutJSTOR,pleasecontactsupport@jstor.org.CambridgeUniversityPressandTrusteesofPrincetonUniversityarecollaboratingwithJSTORtodigitize,preservea
4、ndextendaccesstoWorldPolitics.http://www.jstor.orgCOOPERATIONUNDERTHESECURITYDILEMMAByROBERTJERVIS*I.ANARCHYANDTHESECURITYDILEMMATHElackofaninternationalsovereignnotonlypermitswarstooccur,butalsomakesitdifficultforstatesthataresatisfiedwiththestatusquotoarriv
5、eatgoalsthattheyrecognizeasbeingintheircom-moninterest.Becausetherearenoinstitutionsorauthoritiesthatcanmakeandenforceinternationallaws,thepoliciesofcooperationthatwillbringmutualrewardsifotherscooperatemaybringdisasteriftheydonot.Becausestatesareawareofthis,
6、anarchyencouragesbe-haviorthatleavesallconcernedworseoffthantheycouldbe,evenintheextremecaseinwhichallstateswouldliketofreezethestatusquo.ThisistrueofthemeninRousseau's"StagHunt."Iftheycooperatetotrapthestag,theywillalleatwell.Butifonepersondefectstochasearab
7、bit-whichhelikeslessthanstag-noneoftheotherswillgetany-thing.Thus,allactorshavethesamepreferenceorder,andthereisasolutionthatgiveseachhisfirstchoice:(i)cooperateandtrapthestag(theinternationalanaloguebeingcooperationanddisarmament);(2)chasearabbitwhileothersr
8、emainattheirposts(maintainahighlevelofarmswhileothersaredisarmed);(3)allchaserabbits(armscompe-titionandhighriskofwar);and(4)stayattheoriginalpositionwhileanotherchasesarabbit(beingdisarm