Formalizing agro-ecological engineering for future-oriented land use studies.pdf

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1、Europ.J.Agronomy19(2003)549
/562www.elsevier.com/locate/ejaFormalizingagro-ecologicalengineeringforfuture-orientedlandusestudiesa,b,aH.Hengsdijk*,M.K.vanIttersumaGroupPlantProductionSystems,WageningenUniversity,P.O.Box430,6700AKWageningen,TheNetherlandsbPlantResearchIntern

2、ational,P.O.Box16,6700AAWageningen,TheNetherlandsReceived9October2002;receivedinrevisedform23December2002;accepted23December2002AbstractAgriculturefacesanarrayofinterrelatedproblemsthatcallfordevelopmentofnewandrevisionofexistingcroppingsystemstowardsthemultipleneedsofthe2

3、1stcentury.Agro-ecologicalengineeringapproachesaimedatdesignandexplorationofalternativelandusesystemsatvariousscalesmaysupporttheidentificationofappropriatelanduseoptions.Engineeringapproachesarebasedonmathematicalrepresentationsofwell-foundedagro-ecologicalprincipleswhile

4、takingintoaccountavailableresourcesandprevailingland-relatedobjectives.Thegoalofthispaperistocontributetothedevelopmentofaformalizedapproachtoengineercroppingsystemsatthelandunitlevelthatcanbeusedasbuildingblocksforsystematicexplorationsoflanduseoptionsatfarmorregionalscal

5、e.Theapproachforengineeringcroppingsystemsatthelandunitlevelconsistsofthreesteps:(i)goal-drivendesignofcroppingsystems,(ii)quantificationofbiophysicalproductiontargetsand(iii)definitionoftheoptimalmixofinputsrequiredtorealizeproductiontargets.Thispaperdescribestheapproacha

6、ndillustratesitwithexamplesfromtheSudano-SahelianzoneofMali.Explicitattentionispaidtotherequirednumericaltoolsandtheirapplicationtoanalyzeconsequencesofuncertaintyintheperformanceofengineeredcroppingsystems.Usingnumericaltools,uncertaintyismadeexplicitwiththeaimtobetterman

7、ageorreduceit.Identificationofuncertaintyatthedesignersdeskallowstakinguncertaintyintoaccountbeforeapplyingengineeredlandusesystemsinregionalmodelstudiesortestingsuchsystemsinpractice.Problemsrelatedtotheapplicationofnumericaltoolsarediscussed,includingthefutureroleofagro-

8、ecologicalengineeringasindependentdisciplinewithinagriculturalscience.#2003ElsevierScienc