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1、meCLASHOFCIVILIZATIONSANDTHEREMAKINGOFWORLDORDERSamuelP.Huntington^^^^^^^^U.S.$26.00Can.$35.00nthesummerof1993ForeignAffairspublishedIanarticleentitled"TheClashofCivilizations?"bySamuelHuntington.Noarticle,accordingtotheeditorsofthatdistinguishedjournal,hasgenerat
2、edmorediscussionsinceGeorgeKennan's"X"articleoncontainmentinthe1940s.Now,Mr.Huntingtonexpandsonhisarticle,exploresfurthertheissuesheraisedthen,anddevelopsmanynewpenetratingandcontroversialanalyses.Inthearticle,heposedthequestionwhetherconflictsbetweencivilizations
3、woulddominatethefutureofworldpolitics.Inthebook,hegiveshisanswer,showingnotonlyhowclashesbetweencivilizationsarethegreatestthreattoworldpeacebutalsohowaninternationalorderbasedoncivilizationsisthebestsafeguardagainstwar.EventsinthepastfewyearshaveconfirmedMr.Hunti
4、ngton'searlierjudgments.Increasingly,peopledefinethemselvesonthebasisofancestry,language,religion,andcustoms.Today,inthepost-ColdWarworld,thecriticaldistinctionsbetweenpeoplearenotprimarilyideologicaloreconomic;theyarecultural.Worldpoliticsisbeingreconfiguredalong
5、culturallines,withnewpatternsofconflictandcooperationreplacingthoseoftheColdWar.Thehotspotsinworldpoliticsareonthe"faultlines"betweencivilizations:witnessthefightinginBosnia,Chechnya,theTranscaucasus,CentralAsia,Kashmir,theMiddleEast,Tibet,SriLanka,Sudan,andmanyot
6、herplaces.Mr.HuntingtonexplainshowthepopulationexplosioninMuslimcountriesandtheeconomicriseofEastAsiaarechangingglobalpolitics.ThesedevelopmentschallengeWesterndominance,promoteoppositiontosupposedly"universal"Westernideals,andintensifyintercivilization(continuedo
7、nbackflap)(continuedfromfrontflap)conflictoversuchissuesasnuclearproliferation,immigration,humanrights,anddemocracy.TheMuslimpopulationsurgehasledtomanysmallwarsthroughoutEurasia,andtheriseofChinacouldleadtoaglobalwarofcivilizations.Mr.Huntingtonsetsforthastrategy
8、fortheWesttopreserveitsuniquecultureandemphasizestheneedforpeopleeverywheretolearntocoexistinacomplex,multipolar,multicivilizationalworld.TheClashofCivi
