高二英语unit 4 a garden of poems知识精讲 人教版

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高二英语Unit4Agardenofpoems知识精讲人教版一.本周教育内容：Unit4Agardenofpoems二.知识总结与归纳：（一）单元分析：主题：英国诗歌：英国诗歌的种类，英国诗人，英国诗歌的发展。阅读材料：1.EnglishPoetry：介绍英文诗歌各个发展阶段的概括，代表性的诗人，中国历史上著名的诗人。2.SongsandPoems：对诗歌的感受。3.现代诗歌的诞生。交际功能：陈述个人的观点。语法：过去分词做状语。学习建议：（1）运用学过的构词知识掌握部分单词的词义，同时借助录音带掌握单词的读音。利用书后的练习：P29；P103—1，2巩固所学的生词。（2）阅读：充分利用Post-reading中的问题去阅读课文。抓住课文的如下要点：英国诗歌的不同时期的发展，各个时期的代表人物；与中国著名诗人的比较；诗歌翻译的特点等。（3）语法学习：理解过去分词做时间，原因，条件，让步状语的结构，表达的意义。通过大量的例句理解，句型转换，造句，填空等练习掌握过去分词做状语的用法。（二）本单元重点单词用法：1.pattern：型，模式，方式TheclothhasapatternofredandwhitesquaresTheillnessisnotfollowingitsusualpattern.Whatisthebehavioralpatternsthataretypicalofthissocialgroup?2.absence：不在，缺席，缺乏；常构成的短语有：absencefrom：缺席；absenceof/intheabsenceof：缺席，缺乏；absenceofmind：心不在焉，神不守舍。Oncepublished,hisworkbecamefamousfortheabsenceofrhymeattheendofeachline.HisrepeatedabsencefromschoolisworryingIntheabsenceofthemanager,Ishallbeincharge.Intheabsenceofanyfurtherevidence,thepolicewereunabletosolvethemurder.3.apart：相隔，相距，除去，单独地。常用的短语：apartfrom：除了……以外，还有/没有，相当于besides或except的用法。Oceansapart,dayafterday,andIslowlygoinsane.Theboxesstoodapart,waitingforthesignaltostartfighting.Thetwovillagesarethreemilesapart.Apartfrombeingtoolarge,itjustdoesn’tsuitme.Apartfromsport,myotherinterestoutsideclassismusic.4.recommend：推荐，介绍，建议（1）表达“推荐，介绍”时，后面常跟介词：as;for;toAskyourteacherrecommendpoemstoyou.Theyrecommendedhimasagoodmanager. Theteacherrecommendedthebookforthespare-timereading.（2）表达“建议”后面接名词，代词后动名词，不定式做宾补。如果接宾语从句，从句的结构应该是：主语+shoulddo或shouldbedone……。注意should可以省略。Thedoctormayrecommendlimitingtheamountoffatinyourdiet.Irecommendyoutothinkverycarefullybeforeyoudoanythingfoolish.Thecommitteehasrecommendedthatthetrainingprogrammeshouldbeimproved.5.mood：心情，情绪，语气。常用短语：beingood/badmood;inthemoodtodoHismoodschangeveryquickly,onemomenthe’scheerful,andthenexthe’scomplainingabouteverything.Thebeautifulsunnymorningputhiminagoodmood.I’mverytired,andnotinthemoodtoargue.（三）注意下列短语的辨析：1.callup：召唤，使人想起，调动（力量，人员）；给……大电话；callon/at：拜访某人/某地callfor：要求，接人callin：请来Poetryalsocallsupallthecolors,feelings,experiencesandcuriousimagesofadreamworld.Yourlettercalledupthedayswhenweworkedtogether.Theworkcallsforalotoftimeandpatience.Thepolicehavebeencalledintokeeporder.2.comeintobeing：出现，形成，产生。（没有被动语态和进行时结构）comeabout：出现，产生comeupwith：提出，想出cometotermwith：甘心忍受，应付ModernEnglishcameintobeingfromabouttheendofthe16thcentury.Shehelpsthousandsofmenandwomencometotermwithlives.Instead,thestudentshavedecidedtocomeupwithapeacefulsolution.（四）课文难点句解释：1.Morethananyotherformofliterature,poetryplayswithsounds,wordsandgrammar.诗歌胜过其他的文学形式，它灵活运用声音，词汇和语法。注意：morethananyother结构的意思：例：Rurallifehaschangedmoreinthepast40yearsthanatanyothertime.Nooneknowsmoreaboutthehistoryofmyhometownthanmygrandpa.Thebookseemstobemoreadictionarythanagrammar.2.WhenyouhavereadsomeChinesepoems,youwillhaveseenandheardsomeofthefeaturesthatalgoodpoetryshares.读过一些中国诗歌之后，你就会看到，听到所有优秀的诗歌共同具有的特色。Feature：特征，特点。3.Shakespeareismostfamousforhisplays.莎士比亚主要因其戏剧而闻名世界。Most前面没有冠词，表示：非常，很，相当于very4.ChinesereadersadmirehisworksbecauseofhisuseofsurprisingimagesthatremindsthemoftheworksofpoetssuchasSuDongpo. 中国读者欣赏他的作品，是因为他使用令人惊奇的意象，是使人想起苏东坡等人的作品。Remind…of….：提醒某人，使某人想起……5.Besides,nomaterhowwellapoemistranslated,somethingofthespiritoftheoriginalworkislost.另外，一首诗不管翻译得多么好，都会丢掉原作的一些神韵。注意：nomatter+疑问词+从句：无论……Nomatterwhotoldyouaboutsomenews,youcan’tmakeanycommentonituntilyoucheckitup.【典型例题】一.单项选择：1.Eatingtoomuchfatcan____heartdiseaseandcauseandhighbloodpressure.A.sticktoB.attendtoC.contributetoD.devoteto分析：contributeto：固定短语：有助于，促成。食用过量的脂肪能诱发心脏病和高血压。答案：C2.DoyouknowwhentheGreatWall____?A.cameintobeingB.wascomeintobeingC.hasbeencomeintobeingD.hadbeencomeintobeing分析：comeintobeing：出现，形成，产生。没有被动语态。答案：A3.Ican____himtoyouforthejob.Heisaverygoodworker.A.suggestB.adviseC.recommendD.prompt分析：我可以把他推荐给你做这份工作，他是个优秀的工人。recommend：推荐；prompt：提升。答案：C4.I’minno____thiseveningtolistentohissillyjokes.A.feelingB.attitudeC.moodD.way分析：beinnomoodtodosth.：没有心情做某事。答案：C5.Whenhebeatthecarpet,the___roseinclouds.A.dustB.soilC.muchD.powder分析：他拍打地毯时，一阵灰尘飞起来。答案：A6.Theroomwasfurnishedindifferent___ofgreyandyellow.A.shadesB.shelterC.shadowD.shape分析：这个房间是用深浅不一的灰色和黄色的家具布置起来的。shade：色彩的浓淡深浅答案：A7.David___asacomputerdesigner.A.standsforB.standsoutC.standsatD.standsin分析：David是个出色的电脑程序员。standout：杰出，引人注意。答案：B8.Doyouthinkthebillcan____Parliament? A.getalongB.getthroughC.getonD.getup分析：你认为那个法案能在议会通过吗？答案：B9._____theinjuriestohisfaceandhands,bebrokebothlegs.A.BesideB.ExceptC.ButD.Apartfrom分析：Apartfrom相当于besides除……以外，还有。答案：D10.Innocountry____Britain,ithasbeensaid,canoneexperiencefourseasonsinthecourseofsingleday.A.otherthanB.morethanC.betterthanD.ratherthan分析：otherthan（除……以外，没有）：据说除了英国以外，没有人能在其他国家一天之内感受四个季节。答案：A【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）一.单项选择：1.Two-thirdsofthemembersintheclub____thewealthyclass.A.belongtoB.arebelongedtoC.arebelongingtoD.belongingto2.___theabsenceoftheseconditions,itwon’tworkwell.A.AtB.OnC.InD.To3.Hehasnootherinterests,____hiswork.A.farfromB.awayfromC.apartfromD.exceptthat4.Thepupilsweremadeto____yesterday’slessons.A.sayB.speakC.tellD.recite5.Allthekeywordsinthearticleareprintedin____typesoastoattractreaders’attention.A.darkB.boldC.blackD.blank6.Heisquitesurethatit’s____impossibleforhimtofulfillthetaskwithintwodays.A.absolutelyB.fullyC.veryD.verymuch7.Ournewchinahasaflower___onit.A.shadeB.symbolC.patternD.sign8.Herecommendedthataspecialcommittee____tolookintotheincident.A.weresetupB.wassetupC.besetupD.setup9.TheBritisharenotsofamiliarwithdifferentculturesandotherwaysofdoingthings,___isoftenthecaseinothercountries.A.asB.thatC.itD.this10.Thebookissaid_____intomanylanguages.A.translatingB.havingtranslatedC.tobetranslatedD.tohavetranslated二.完型填空：Thelittletraincametoastopatourstationandwegotout,verygladtobesonearhomeatlast.The___1__partofthejourneyfromLondonhadbeenquitecomfortable;___2___whenwehadchangedintothelittletrain,wewere,alreadytiredanddirty,andthe___3___run,withitsfrequentstopsatunimportantvillages,hadonlymadeus___4__tiredanddirty.Therewasacarriage___5___forusatthestation,___6___bytwoblackhorses.Assoonasweandourbags___7__in,thedriverwavedhiswhipandwesetoffthroughthesnowyforest.Even __8___theforestitwasgrowingdark:itwasthe___9__dayoftheyear,andtheskywas__10__withclouds.Amongthetreesitseemedasifitwasinthemiddleofamoonlessnight,theoillampsonourcarriage__11__justenoughlightforthedriverto___12___hiswayandforustobeableto___13___thatweweredrivingbetweenthickwallsoftrees.After__14__seemedliketwohourstous(butwasactuallyonlyanhour),atlastwe__15__myfriendshouse.Firstwesawarowoflights__16__camefromthewindows,andthenweweresuddenlyatthedoor,__17__abouthalfadozenchildren__18__allagesshoutingandaskingquestions___19___together.Asweweregettingoutofthecarriage,afineoldladywithwhitehaircameout,__20__Irecognizedwithoutdifficultyasmyfriend’smother.1.A.firstB.nextC.oneD.other2.A.becauseB.howeverC.soD.but3.A.rapidlyB.fastC.thirstyD.slow4.A.evenB.lessC.moreD.much5.A.waitedB.towaitC.waitingD.waswaiting6.A.pulledB.pullingC.pushedD.pushing7.A.steppedB.arrivedC.alreadyD.were8.A.inB.nearC.outsideD.out9.A.hottestB.longestC.happyD.shortest10.A.coveredB.hiddenC.closedD.full11.A.sentB.gaveC.didD.made12.A.takeB.lookC.feelD.see13.A.tellB.sayC.speakD.talk14.A.itB.whatC.mightD.having15.A.gotB.reachedC.visitedD.observed16.A.brightlyB.shiningC.whichD.straight17.A.withB.andC.seeingD.meeting18.A.atB.inC.aboutD.of19.A.everyB.eachC.allD.put20.A.whomB.suchC.whichD.so三.阅读理解：HongKongpopstarZhangGuorong,46,jumpedoutofawindowofMandarinOrientalHotelatthestartofApril,2003,leavingbehindsorrowfulfansand（自杀）notewhichnewspaperssaidwascausedbyemotional（情感的）problems.Hisdeathshockedthepublicandincidentagainbroughtaserioustopictolight-suicide.Zhangwasbestknowngloballyforhispartintheblockbusterfilm“FarewellMyConcubine”,whereheplayedahomosexual（同性恋的）Chineseoperasinger.Thepopular1993filmwonalotofawardsincludingtheworld-famousPalmed’OrattheCannesFilmFestival.However,suchachievementscouldnotmakeZhangcontentwithhislife.Itwasreportthatlongbeforehisdeath,Zhanghadbeensufferingfromdepression（意志消沉）.Histragedyshowsweneedtolearnhowtoreducethepressurefromoursocietybyhappilyandnaturallyfacinglife.Depression,amentalillness,andsuicidehaveoftenbeenhighlightedinthepastasserioussocialproblems—andforgoodreason.Accordingtoexperts,about5to20percentofpeoplearesufferingfromdepression,someof whomarenotevenawareoftheillness.Andalarmingly,10to15percentofpeoplesufferingfromdepressionwillbelikelytocommitsuicide.Statistics（统计学家）alsoshowsuicideistheleadingcauseofdeathamongyoungadults.Itleadsto3.6percentofalldeathseachyearinChina,asurveysaid.Lastyear,287,000Chinesediedaftercommittingsuicide.Thefemalerateis25percenthigherthanthemalerate.Forthisreason,themediamusthighlightthenegative（负面的）influenceofZhang’stragedyinitsreporting.Itisshamefultotalktoomuchabouthisdeath.Althoughhisachievementsintheartsweregreat,hisfinalchoicecannotbepraised,letalonecallinghisdeatha“perfectend”toashininglife.Themediashouldguidepeople—especiallyZhang’sfans—toshakeofftheirsorrowquickly,learnalessonfromtheiridol’stragedy,findareleasefromthepressureoftheirlivesandvaluetheirpricelesslives.1.WhyonearthdidZhangchoosetokillhimselfinsuchaway?A.Becausehewasnotaspopularashewasbefore.B.Becausehewasdisappointedathislife.C.Becausehesufferedfromhighpressurefromhisfans.D.Becausehedroppedoutofthehotelaccidentally.2.Whatdoestheword“blockbuster”inparagraph2probablymean?A.MostpopularB.VeryinterestingC.OrdinaryD.Boring3.Fromthepassagewecanknow____.A.moremencommitsuicidethanwomeninourcountry.B.suicideonlytakesasmallpartinthedeathsofyoungadults.C.itisnotrightforthemediatoreportthe“perfectend”ofZhangwidely.D.peoplenevercontentwiththeirachievementsandlifewilloftencommitsuicideeasily.4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.ItmadelittledifferencewhetherZhangdiedornotamonghisfans.B.ItwassomethinghappeningsuddenlythatcausedZhang’ssuicide.C.Notallthepeoplewhosufferfromdepressionknowtheircaseclearly.D.Zhangcalledonpeopletomakeachoicetovaluetheirlives.5.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheEndofaFamousStarB.DepressionCausedtheTragedyC.HowtoFaceSuicideD.APerfectEndofLife [参考答案]http://www.DearEDU.com一.单项选择：1.A解析：belongto没有被动语态。2.C解析：intheabsenceof：不在的时候，没有……的时候。3.C解析：Apartfrom相当于except除……以外，没有。4.D解析：学生们被要求背诵昨天的课文。5.B解析：boldtype：粗体字。6.A解析：impossible不能被very或verymuch修饰。fully：全面，彻底。7.C解析：我们的新瓷器上有花纹图案。8.C解析：recommend（建议）后接that引导的宾语从句，从句中的谓语动词用shoulddo或shouldbedone结构，should可以省略，句中setup与主语aspecialcommittee具有被动关系。9.A解析：英国人对与其不同的文化和行为方式不太熟悉，其他国家也往往如此。As引导非限定性定语从句，修饰前面全句的内容。10.D解析：句型issaidtohavebeendone：据说已经被……二.完型填空：1.A解析：分号把旅途前后两段进行对照，此处是旅途的第一部分。2.D解析：but表示转折，前一段旅行comfortable，而后一段却tiredanddirty,形成鲜明的对比。3.D解析：the表明run是名词，表示小火车的行进旅程。下文withitsfrequentspotsatunimportantvillages表明此处火车行驶的很慢。4.C解析：even和much是修饰比较级的。根据上下文提到的旅途劳累，应填more5.C解析：有一辆马车正在站台等我们。Doing短语做定语.6.A解析：后面的介词短语bytwoblackhorses表明用pulled，过去分词短语做定语修饰carriage。7.D 解析：根据句意和结构，此处应填be动词。8.C解析：根据itwasgrowingdark和even判断,此处是指outside。9.D解析：本句进一步解释前一句itwasgrowingdark，一年中白天最短的时候，天黑得最早。10.A解析：天空布满乌云。Becoveredwith结构。11.B解析：givelight指发光。12.D解析：上文theoillampsonourcarriagegavejustenoughlight表明，驾车人能看清道路。13.A解析：而我们也能知晓我们正行驶在浓密的森林中。Tell在此表示：知晓。14.B解析：what表示时间，相当于thetimewhich15.B解析：我们终于到达了朋友的家。Reach：及物动词，后面直接接地点。16.C解析：__16__camefromthewindows是定语从句修饰lights,有which引导。17.A解析：以下三个空的句子是含with+名词+doing结构的伴随状语。18.D解析：allages：不同年龄，表示多大年龄的人用介词of连接。19.C解析：alltogether：大家一起。修饰前面的shoutingandaskingquestions.20.A解析：先行词theoldlady表明此处应当是由关系代词whom引导的一个非限定性定语从句，并在从句中做recognized的宾语。三.阅读理解：1.B解析：从第二段第四句Histragedyshowsweneedtolearnhowtoreducethepressurefromoursocietybyhappilyandnaturallyfacinglife.Depression,amentalillness,andsuicidehaveoftenbeenhighlightedinthepastasserioussocialproblems—andforgoodreason.表明，生活中的压力使其意志消沉，因为这种情绪长期得不到排解而自杀。2.A解析：这句话的意思是Zhang因“FarewellMyConcubine”这部影片而一炮走红，闻名于世。说明blockbuster意思是mostpopular。3.C解析：从第四段最后两句Forthisreason,themediamusthighlightthenegative(负面的)influenceofZhang’stragedyinitsreporting.Itisshamefultotalktoomuchabouthisdeath.Althoughhisachievementsintheartsweregreat,hisfinalchoicecannotbepraised,letalonecallinghisdeatha“perfectend”toashininglife.表明媒体不应该广泛地报道他的“perfectend”。 4.C解析：根据第三段第一句Accordingtoexperts,about5to20percentofpeoplearesufferingfromdepression,someofwhomarenotevenawareoftheillness.可知并不是所有的人都能意识到这种现象的严重性。5.A解析：本文通过一个演艺明星自杀事件而引出的联想，说明艺人成功背后所承受的压力。鼓励我们要关爱生命，珍惜自我。