《创新管理与能力》ppt课件

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1、创新与变革管理及企业信息化厦门大学管理学院计国君教授／博士生导师E-mail：jiking@xmu.edu.cnIntroductionEngelssaid,“Weshouldnotenjoyourvictoryoverthenature.Foreverysuchvictorythenaturewouldrevengeonus”.2U.S.BureauoftheCensusVitousek(1994)GLOBALCHANGESPopulationNitrogenFixationTemperatureBiodiversity………..Examples:Reid&Miller(1

2、989)3Chinahas22%oftheworld’spopulationwithlimitednaturalresourcesCultivatedland:1/3ofworldaveragelevelWater:1/4ofworldaveragelevelForestry:1/5ofworldaveragelevelOil:1/10ofworldaveragelevelNaturalGas:1/22ofworldaveragelevelResourcesofChina4Consumption8%Oil-oftheworld40%Cement-oftheworld31%Co

3、al-oftheworld25%Aluminum-oftheworld31%CrudesteeloftheworldProductionGDP4%-oftheworldConsumptioninChina5IfChinahasthesamepaperconsumptionpercapitalasUS，weneedfourearth’sforest.Automobileconsumption:threeearth’sleadforthebattery6RapidUrbanizationGeneratesSevereEnvironmentalProblemsEconomicCos

4、tofAirandWaterPollutionGDP5-7%(3–5%)QualityofLife&EnvironmentalHealthof460millions(500millions)populationinUrbanEnvironment7EnvironmentalProblemsInterconnectThroughInterfaceMatterExchangebottommudNutrientSaltCarbonSourceOrganicMatterHeavyMetalorganicpollutantTerrestrialEcosystemAtmosphere–B

5、iosphereExchangeSO2,NOx,NH3,VOCNH4+,NO3-,SO42-Oxidant(PAN,O3)，particulatePAH，PCB，organicpesticideWaterHydrophyticEcosystem8HealthEffectsofAirPollutioninChina(UNDP2002)Eachyear:1.5millioncasesofbronchitis,and23,000and13,000deathsfromrespiratoryandheartdiseases.In2000:600,000prematuredeaths,5

6、.5millioncasesofchronicbronchitis,and20millioncasesofrespiratoryillnessChildren’sblood-leadlevels:upto80percentabovecriticallevels7.4millionworkingdayslosttohealthproblemsrelatedtoairpollutionUpto70percentasthelargestasemitterofdustofCementindustry,nearly2%-3%cementsareemittedinair9HealthEf

7、fectsofWaterPollutioninChina(UNDP2002)Only19percentofthetotalpopulationhasaccesstotapwaterinChina.Thedrinkingwaterof6ofChina’s27largestcitiesdoesnotmeetChina’snationalstandards.Groundwaterdoesnotmeetstandardsin23ofthesecities.In1993approximately8percento