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1、Groupmembers杨璐张皓黄玉琴李慧敏RhetoricDevicesTwokindsofRhetoricDevicesPassiveRhetoricTechniquesDefinition:它主要指那些没有相对固定格式的修辞性写作技巧，它与语法、语言结构和词汇的关系密切，只是为了修辞和立意新颖的缘故，对之做了一些调整。e.g.ElegantVariation(求雅换词）---为了增加文采，强化文章的表现力，常常避免重复使用同一个词汇，而另选他词。（e.g.the8kindsofexpressionsof"减肥"in10WaystoLosePou
2、ndsbyElizabethRazzi)1.Trytoshedafewextrapounds? 2.Studiesshowtheseeffortsmayshaveoffthepoundsquickly. 3.Herearetensimplestrategiesthatcanhelpmeltawayyourfatforever. 4.…likealogicalwaytopeeloffafewpounds.5.…roughlytheamountneededtoburnoffonepound.6.Youmusteatlesstoloseweight. 7.
3、Akeyobstacletodroppingextrapoundsisafter-dinnersnacking. 8.10WaystoLosePounds.ActiveRhetoricTechniques它主要指那些有相对固定格式的修辞性写作技巧。常见分类如下：1．词义修辞格(LexicalStylisticDevices)metaphor（比喻）,metonymy（借代）,personification（拟人）,irony（反语）,hyperbole（夸张）,understatement（低调）,euphemism（委婉语）,contrast（对照
4、）,oxymoron（矛盾修辞法）,transferredepithet（移就）,pun（双关）,syllepsis（异叙）,zeugma（粘连）,parody（仿拟）,paradox（隽语）2．结构修辞格(SyntacticalStylisticDevices)repetition（反复）,catchwordrepetition（联珠）,chiasmus（回文）,parallelism（平行结构）,antithesis（反对）,rhetoricquestion（设问）,anticlimax（突降）3．音韵修辞格(PhoneticStylisticD
5、evices)alliteration（头韵）,rhyme(尾韵),onomatopoeia（拟声）词义修辞格(LexicalStylisticDevices)Metaphor暗喻，隐喻---impliedcomparisonachievedthroughafigurativeuseofwords;thewordisusednotinitsliteralsense,butinoneanalogoustoit.e.g.…thecarpenters’marketlieelsewhereinthemazeofvaultedstreets…Wearecall
6、edupontohelpthediscouragedbaggersinlife’smarketplace.Hewhohaslovehasthekeythatunlockedthedoortothemeaningsofultimatereality.e.g.Life‘sbutawalkingshadow;apoorplayer,Thatstrutsandfretshishouruponthestage."（Macbeth,Shakespeare）2.Simile明喻---anexplicitcomparisonbetweentwothingsusing
7、‘like’or‘as’.（notunlike,itisabitlike,belikedto…）e.g.…justicewillrolldownlikewatersandnighteousnesslikeamightystream.Afaceisaswhiteassnowe.g.Myloveisasafever,longingstillForthatwhichlongernurseththedisease".(SonnetCXLVII,Shakespeare)3.Synecdoche提喻---atermisusedinoneofthefollowin
8、gways:partofsomethingisusedtorefertothewholething;athi
