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1、Groupmembers杨璐张皓黄玉琴李慧敏RhetoricDevicesTwokindsofRhetoricDevicesPassiveRhetoricTechniquesDefinition:它主要指那些没有相对固定格式的修辞性写作技巧,它与语法、语言结构和词汇的关系密切,只是为了修辞和立意新颖的缘故,对之做了一些调整。e.g.ElegantVariation(求雅换词)---为了增加文采,强化文章的表现力,常常避免重复使用同一个词汇,而另选他词。(e.g.the8kindsofexpressionsof"减肥"in10WaystoLosePou
2、ndsbyElizabethRazzi)1.Trytoshedafewextrapounds?2.Studiesshowtheseeffortsmayshaveoffthepoundsquickly.3.Herearetensimplestrategiesthatcanhelpmeltawayyourfatforever.4.…likealogicalwaytopeeloffafewpounds.5.…roughlytheamountneededtoburnoffonepound.6.Youmusteatlesstoloseweight.7.
3、Akeyobstacletodroppingextrapoundsisafter-dinnersnacking.8.10WaystoLosePounds.ActiveRhetoricTechniques它主要指那些有相对固定格式的修辞性写作技巧。常见分类如下:1.词义修辞格(LexicalStylisticDevices)metaphor(比喻),metonymy(借代),personification(拟人),irony(反语),hyperbole(夸张),understatement(低调),euphemism(委婉语),contrast(对照
4、),oxymoron(矛盾修辞法),transferredepithet(移就),pun(双关),syllepsis(异叙),zeugma(粘连),parody(仿拟),paradox(隽语)2.结构修辞格(SyntacticalStylisticDevices)repetition(反复),catchwordrepetition(联珠),chiasmus(回文),parallelism(平行结构),antithesis(反对),rhetoricquestion(设问),anticlimax(突降)3.音韵修辞格(PhoneticStylisticD
5、evices)alliteration(头韵),rhyme(尾韵),onomatopoeia(拟声)词义修辞格(LexicalStylisticDevices)Metaphor暗喻,隐喻---impliedcomparisonachievedthroughafigurativeuseofwords;thewordisusednotinitsliteralsense,butinoneanalogoustoit.e.g.…thecarpenters’marketlieelsewhereinthemazeofvaultedstreets…Wearecall
6、edupontohelpthediscouragedbaggersinlife’smarketplace.Hewhohaslovehasthekeythatunlockedthedoortothemeaningsofultimatereality.e.g.Life‘sbutawalkingshadow;apoorplayer,Thatstrutsandfretshishouruponthestage."(Macbeth,Shakespeare)2.Simile明喻---anexplicitcomparisonbetweentwothingsusing
7、‘like’or‘as’.(notunlike,itisabitlike,belikedto…)e.g.…justicewillrolldownlikewatersandnighteousnesslikeamightystream.Afaceisaswhiteassnowe.g.Myloveisasafever,longingstillForthatwhichlongernurseththedisease".(SonnetCXLVII,Shakespeare)3.Synecdoche提喻---atermisusedinoneofthefollowin
8、gways:partofsomethingisusedtorefertothewholething;athi