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1、小切口半劈胸骨行胸腺切除术治疗重症肌无力王保中刘金山(河北省保定市第一中心医院心胸外科071000)【摘要】目的探讨小切U半劈胸骨行胸腺切除术治疗重症肌无力的手术效果和影响因素及52例手术的经验总结。方法52例均采用正中切口小切口半劈胸骨进胸,切除胸腺及前纵隔所有脂肪组织,其中有外侵表现者,则切除受累之胸膜、心包、动脉外膜,并按临床症状分型、镜下病理分型、临床病理分期、是否根治切除分别分类,统计缓解、改善、无变化、恶化的例数,缓解和改善视为有效,无变化和恶化视为无效,以有效和无效例数行X2检验。结果木组52例病例,总有效率82.7%(43/52),无变化5例,9.7%,恶化4例,5.8
2、%,其中死亡1例。平均手术时间89.3±24.7min(53min-176min),术中大血管损伤出血0例,全部病例术中失血量<200ml,术后引流量<200ml,纵膈感染0例,切U感染1例(1.92%),术后平均住院H6.7&plUSmn;3.8天。临床症状分型和镜下病理分型对手术效果的影响无显著性差异(P>0.05),临床病理分期和是否根治切除对手术效果的影响存在显著性差异(P<0.05)o结论临床症状分型对手术疗效有一定影响,III型有效率明显降低,但统计学分析对疗效的影响无显著性差异,提示无论临床分型如何,均应手术,原发性胸腺癌不易根治性切
3、除,但就手术切除对重症肌无力症状改善来看,良恶性肿瘤差异不大,Masaoka分期与胸腺瘤并发重症肌无力的预后密切相关,就改善肌无力症状来看,I期、n期、III期和IV期之间也存在显著性差异,以II期效果最好。小切口半劈胸骨行胸腺根治切除术,手术时间短,出血量少,恢复快,优于传统正中开胸手术,手术效果可靠,适宜在基层医院推广。【关键词】胸腺瘤重症肌无力半劈胸骨【中图分类号】R734.3【文献标识码】A【文章编号】1672-5085(2014)03-0072-03【Abstract】Objective:Exploresmallcuthalf-cutlinesternumthymusglan
4、dexcisiontreatmentandmyastheniagravisthesurgicalresultsandimpactfactorsand52casesofsurgeryexperience..Methods:52casesaremadeofasmallincisionintothechestincisionhalfsternotomy,removalofthethymusandallanteriormediastinalfattissue,whichhasforeigninvasionperformers,theremovalofthepleura,pericardium,
5、arterialinvolvementoftheoutermembrane,andthentypingofclinicalsymptoms,mirrorunderpathologicaltype,clinicalstaging,whetherradicalresectionwereclassifiedstatisticsremission,improvement,nochangeinthenumberofcasesofdeterioration,alleviateandimproveasvalid,nochangeanddeteriorationdeemedinvalidtovalid
6、andinvalidcasesthenumberofrowsX2test.Results:Thegroupof52cases,thetotalefficiencyof82.7%(43/52),unchangedin5cases,9.7%,deteriorationoffourcases,5.8%,ofwhich1died.Themeanoperativetime89.3±24.7min(53min-176min),intraoperativebleeding0casesofvascularinjury,allcasesofintraoperativebloodloss&l
7、t;200ml,postoperativedrainage<200ml,0{列mediastinalinfection,woundinfectionin1case(1.92%),meanpostoperativehospitalstay6.7±3.8days.Therewasnosignificantdifference(P>0.05)affecttheclinicalsymptomsandmicroscopicpat