【医学ppt课件】泌尿系统 the urinary system

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1、Chapter4THEURINARYSYSTEMINTRODUCTION(概述)THEKIDNEY(肾)THEURETERS(输尿管)THEURINARYBLADDER(膀胱)THEURETHRA(尿道)SystematicAnatomy1DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversityA.Composition(组成)1.Kidney(肾)2.Ureter(输尿管）3.Urinarybladder(膀胱)4.Urethra(尿道)Section1IntroductionSystem

2、aticAnatomy2DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversityB.Functions(功能)1.Toexcretethewasteproducts(排除废物).[urea(尿素),uricacid(尿酸),someinorganicsalts(无机物),water(水)]2.Toregulatethecompositionoftheinternalenvironment(调节内环境成分).3.Toregulatetheacid-basebalance(调节酸碱平衡).4.E

3、ndocrinefunction(kidney)(内分泌功能).IntroductionSystematicAnatomy3DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversitySection2TheKidneyA.ExternalFeature(外形)1.Extremities(端):superior&inferior2.Surfaces(面):anterior&posterior3.Borders(缘):1)lateral2)mediala.renalhilum（肾门）b.renals

4、inus(肾窦)SystematicAnatomy4DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversityTheKidneyB.Internalstructure(内部结构)1.Renalcortex(肾皮质)[nephritis肾炎]2.Renalmedulla(肾髓质)1)renalcolumns(肾柱)2)renalpyramids(肾锥体)3)renalpapillae(肾乳头)SystematicAnatomy5DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,Qing

5、daoUniversityTheKidney3.Renalsinus(肾窦)1)minorrenalcalices(calyx)(肾小盏)2)majorrenalcalices(肾大盏)3)renalpelvis(肾盂)[pyelitis肾盂炎][hydronephrosis肾盂积水][pyelblithiasis肾盂结石]SystematicAnatomy6DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversity4.Renalsegment(肾段)TheKidneyposteriorinf

6、eriorAnt.superiorAnt.inferiorinferiorsuperiorsuperiorSystematicAnatomy7DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversityC.CoveringsoftheKidney(肾的被膜)1.Fibrouscapsule(纤维囊)2.Adiposecapsule(脂肪囊)[renalcapsuleblock肾囊封闭]3.Renalfascia(肾筋膜)1)anteriorlayer(前层)2)posteriorlayer(后层

7、)[nephroptosia肾下垂]TheKidneySystematicAnatomy8DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversityTheKidneySystematicAnatomy9DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversityD.RelationsoftheKidney(肾的毗邻)AnteriorPosteriorspdcstsiliR11R12tapmqldisiR12TheKidneySystematicAnatomy10

8、DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversityA.Division(分部)1.abdominalpart(腹部)[ureteraltwist输尿管扭转][uretercyst输尿管囊肿]2.pelvicpart(盆部)3.int