运营管理第14版蔡斯ipptchap008

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1、FacilityLayoutChapterEightCopyright©2014byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Allrightsreserved.McGraw-Hill/IrwinLearningObjectivesLO8–1:Analyzethecommontypesofmanufacturinglayouts.LO8–2:Illustratelayoutsusedinnonmanufacturingsettings.8-2LayoutDecisionsFacilitylayout:theproc

2、essofdeterminingplacementofdepartments,workgroupswithindepartments,workstations,machines,andstock-holdingpointswithinafacilityThisprocessrequiresthefollowinginputs:SpecificationoftheobjectivesusedtoevaluatethedesignEstimatesofproductorservicedemandProcessingrequireme

3、ntsSpacerequirementsfortheelementsSpaceavailabilitywithinthefacility8-3BasicProductionLayoutFormatsWorkcenter(job-shoporfunctionallayout)Similarequipmentaregroupedtogether.Assemblyline(flow-shoplayout)Workprocessesarearrangedaccordingtothestepsbywhichtheproductismade

4、.ManufacturingcellDissimilarmachinesaregroupedtoworkonsimilarproducts.ProjectlayoutProductremainsatonelocation.8-4WorkcentersGivenTheflow(numberofmoves)toandfromalldepartmentsThecostofmovingfromonedepartmenttoanotherTheexistingorplannedphysicallayoutoftheplantDetermi

5、neThe“best”locationsforeachdepartment,wherebestmeansmaximizingflow,whichminimizescosts8-5Example8.1:ToyFactoryGoalistoarrangeeightworkcenterstominimizeinterdepartmentalhandlingcost.Assumeallworkcentershavesamespaceandfitinbuilding.Allmaterialistransportedinstandardcr

6、atesbyforklift.Transportationcostsare$1tomovebetweenadjacentworkcenters.Extra$1foreachworkcenterinbetween8-6StepsIllustratetheinterworkcenterflowbyamodel.Determinethecostofthislayout.Searchforworkcenterlocationchangesthatwillreducecosts.8-7Example8.1:InterworkcenterF

7、low,andBuildingDimensionsandWorkcenters8-8Example8.1:InterworkcenterFlowGraphwithNumberofAnnualMovements8-9Example8.1:CostMatrix–FirstSolution8-10Example8.1:RevisedInterworkcenterFlowchartandCostMatrix–SecondSolution8-11SystematicLayoutPlanningNumericalflowofitemsbet

8、weenworkcentersCanbeimpracticaltoobtainDoesnotaccountforthequalitativefactorsthatmaybecrucialtotheplacementdecisionSystematiclayout