运营管理第14版蔡斯ipptappb

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1、OPERATIONSTECHNOLOGYAppendixBCopyright©2014byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Allrightsreserved.McGraw-Hill/IrwinLearningObjectivesLOB–1:Explainhowtheapplicationofoperationstechnologyhasaffectedmanufacturing.B-2OperationsTechnologyMuchoftherecentgrowthinproductivityhascomefromtheapplicationofoperat

2、ionstechnology.Inservices,thiscomesprimarilyfromsofttechnology.InformationprocessingInmanufacturing,itcomesfromacombinationofsoftandhardtechnologies.HardtechnologyismachineryB-3TechnologiesinManufacturingSometechnologicaladvancesinrecentdecadeshavehadasignificant,widespreadimpactonmanufacturin

3、gfirmsinmanyindustries.Theseadvancescanbecategorizedintwoways:HardwaresystemsSoftwaresystemsHardwaretechnologieshavegenerallyresultedingreaterautomationofprocesses.B-4HardwareSystemsNumericallycontrolled(NC)machinesMachiningcentersIndustrialrobotsAutomatedmaterialshandling(AMH)systemsB-5Numeri

4、callyControlled(NC)MachinesComprisedofAmachinetoolusedtoturn,drill,orgrind.Acomputerthatcontrolsthesequenceofprocesses.Firstadoptedinthe1960sInnewermodels,feedbackcontrolmakescorrectionsasneeded.CalledadaptivecontrolB-6MachiningCentersIncreasedautomationandcomplexityrelativetoNCmachinesProvide

5、automaticcontrolofamachineCarrymanytoolsthatcanbeautomaticallychangedMaybeequippedwithashuttlesystemtoloadandunloadB-7TheCNCMachiningCenterB-8IndustrialRobotsSubstituteforworkersRepetitivemanualactivitiesTasksthataredangerous,dirty,ordullAprogrammable,multifunctionalmachinesAdvancedcapabilitie

6、sadd:VisionTactilesensingHand-to-handcoordinationB-9TypicalRobotAxesofMotionB-10FormulaforEvaluatingARobotInvestmentB-11AutomatedMaterialsHandling(AMH)SystemsAMHsystemsimproveefficiencyoftransportation,storage,andretrievalofmaterials.ComputerizedconveyorsAutomatedstorageandretrievalsystems(AS/

7、RS)Automatedguidedvehicle(AGV)useembeddedfloorwirestodirectvehiclesBenefitsinclude:QuickermaterialmovementLowerinventoriesandstoragespaceReducedproductdamageHigherlaborproductivityB-12ManufacturingCellsandFlexibleManufacturingSystems(FM