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1、Chapter9LetterofCredit信用证1.DefinitionofL/CAletterofCreditisthewrittenpromiseofabankthatactsontheinstructionsoftheapplicantandundertakestopaythebeneficiarytheamountofmoneyspecifiedinthecredit.信用证(LetterofCredit，L／C)指开证银行应申请人的要求并按其指示向第三方开立的载有一定金额的，在一定的期限内凭符合规定的单据付款的书面保证文件。信用证是国际
2、贸易中最主要、最常用的支付方式。2.PartiesinanL/C(1)TheApplicant（开证申请人）Theimporter(buyer)whoappliesfortheletterofcreditiscalledtheapplicantortheopener.(2)TheIssuingBank（开证行）Thebankthatissuesthecreditiscalledtheissuingbank(OpeningBank/EstablishingBank)(3)TheAdvisingBank（通知行）Theadvisingbankrefer
3、stothecorrespondentbankattheseller’scountrywhoadvisestheL/Ctothebeneficiary.(4)TheConfirmingBank（保兑行）Thebankthataddsitsconfirmationtothecreditiscalledtheconfirmingbank.(5)TheNegotiatingBank（议付行）Thebank,eithernominatedbytheopeningbankoratitsownchoice,buystheexporter’sdraftiscal
4、ledanegotiatingbank.(6)TheBeneficiary（受益人）Theexporterinwhosefavorthecreditisopenediscalledthebeneficiary.3.TheContentsofanL/CGeneralStatementsCreditNumber,dateofissue,dateandplaceofnegotiation(2)TypesofL/Cirrevocable,transferable,confirmed…(3)PartiestoanL/C(4)DraftClausesTheDr
5、awee,thetenor,otherclause(5)DescriptionofCommoditiesName,specifications,quantityquality,packing,price,etc.(6)CurrencyandAmount(7)TermsofshipmentandinsurancePortofloading,portofdischarge;latestshipmentdate;insurance(8)DocumentsrequiredCommercialinvoice;B/L;packinglist,certifica
6、teoforigin4.CategoriesofLetterofCredit(1)DocumentaryCreditandCleanCredit（跟单信用证与光票信用证）DocumentaryCreditmeansthatpaymentareeffectedagainstdraftsandshippingdocuments.CleanCreditmeanstheopeningbankeffectspaymentonlyagainstthedraftandwithoutanyshippingdocumentsattached.(2)Revocable
7、andirrevocableL/C（可撤销与不可撤销信用证）RevocableL/CmeansthattheL/Ccanbeamendedorcancelledbytheissuingbankatanymomentandwithoutpriornoticetothebeneficiary.IrrevocableL/CmeansthatoncetheL/Cisopened,itcannotbecancelledoramendedwithoutagreementoftherelevantparties.(3)ConfirmedandUnconfirme
8、dL/C（保兑与不保兑信用证）Ifacreditisconfirmedbyabank,itisaconfirmedcred
