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1、Chapter9LetterofCredit信用证1.DefinitionofL/CAletterofCreditisthewrittenpromiseofabankthatactsontheinstructionsoftheapplicantandundertakestopaythebeneficiarytheamountofmoneyspecifiedinthecredit.信用证(LetterofCredit,L/C)指开证银行应申请人的要求并按其指示向第三方开立的载有一定金额的,在一定的期限内凭符合规定的单据付款的书面保证文件。信用证是国际
2、贸易中最主要、最常用的支付方式。2.PartiesinanL/C(1)TheApplicant(开证申请人)Theimporter(buyer)whoappliesfortheletterofcreditiscalledtheapplicantortheopener.(2)TheIssuingBank(开证行)Thebankthatissuesthecreditiscalledtheissuingbank(OpeningBank/EstablishingBank)(3)TheAdvisingBank(通知行)Theadvisingbankrefer
3、stothecorrespondentbankattheseller’scountrywhoadvisestheL/Ctothebeneficiary.(4)TheConfirmingBank(保兑行)Thebankthataddsitsconfirmationtothecreditiscalledtheconfirmingbank.(5)TheNegotiatingBank(议付行)Thebank,eithernominatedbytheopeningbankoratitsownchoice,buystheexporter’sdraftiscal
4、ledanegotiatingbank.(6)TheBeneficiary(受益人)Theexporterinwhosefavorthecreditisopenediscalledthebeneficiary.3.TheContentsofanL/CGeneralStatementsCreditNumber,dateofissue,dateandplaceofnegotiation(2)TypesofL/Cirrevocable,transferable,confirmed…(3)PartiestoanL/C(4)DraftClausesTheDr
5、awee,thetenor,otherclause(5)DescriptionofCommoditiesName,specifications,quantityquality,packing,price,etc.(6)CurrencyandAmount(7)TermsofshipmentandinsurancePortofloading,portofdischarge;latestshipmentdate;insurance(8)DocumentsrequiredCommercialinvoice;B/L;packinglist,certifica
6、teoforigin4.CategoriesofLetterofCredit(1)DocumentaryCreditandCleanCredit(跟单信用证与光票信用证)DocumentaryCreditmeansthatpaymentareeffectedagainstdraftsandshippingdocuments.CleanCreditmeanstheopeningbankeffectspaymentonlyagainstthedraftandwithoutanyshippingdocumentsattached.(2)Revocable
7、andirrevocableL/C(可撤销与不可撤销信用证)RevocableL/CmeansthattheL/Ccanbeamendedorcancelledbytheissuingbankatanymomentandwithoutpriornoticetothebeneficiary.IrrevocableL/CmeansthatoncetheL/Cisopened,itcannotbecancelledoramendedwithoutagreementoftherelevantparties.(3)ConfirmedandUnconfirme
8、dL/C(保兑与不保兑信用证)Ifacreditisconfirmedbyabank,itisaconfirmedcred