王蔷《英语教学法教程》总复习资料

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1、RevisionContents:Unit1LanguageandLearning1.Whatarethemajorviewsoflanguage?Whataretheirimplicationstolanguageteachingorlearning?StructuralView:Itseeslanguageasalinguisticsystemmadeupofvarioussubsystem:fromphonological,morphological,lexical,etc.tosentence.Eachlanguagehasafinitenumberofsuchstruc

2、turalitems.Tolearnalanguagemeanstolearnthesestructuralitemssoastobeabletounderstandandproducelanguage.Audiolingualapproach:Theteachingofasecondlanguagethroughimitation,repetition,andreinforcement.Itemphasizestheteachingofspeakingandlisteningbeforereadingandwritingandtheuseofmothertongueinthec

3、lassroomisnotallowed.Theprincipalfeaturesofaudiolingualismareanemphasisonstructuresinthelanguagewhichcanbelearnedasregularpatternsofverbalbehaviorandthebeliefthatlearningisaprocessofhabitformation.FunctionalView:Itseeslanguageasalinguisticsystembutalsoasameansfordoingthings.Mostofourday-to-da

4、ylanguageuseinvolvesfunctionalactivities:offering,suggesting,advising,apologizing,etc.Therefore,learnerslearnalanguageinordertodothingswithit.Toperformfunctions,learnersneedtoknowhowtocombinethegrammaticalrulesandthevocabularytoexpressnotionsthatperformthefunctions.Communicativeapproachesareb

5、asedonthisviewoflanguage.InteractionalView:Itconsiderslanguageasacommunicativetool,whosemainuseistobuildupandmaintainsocialrelationsbetweenpeople.Therefore,learnersnotonlyneedtoknowthegrammarandvocabularyofthelanguage,butalsoneedtoknowtherulesforusingtheminawholerangeofcommunicativecontext.So

6、meofthelanguagelearningapproachesandmethodsbasedonthisviewoflanguageare:Strategicinteraction;communicativeapproaches.2.WhatarethemajorViewsonlanguagelearning?Whataretheirimplicationstolanguageteaching?39BehaviouralisttheoryBasedonthetheoryofconditioning,Skinnersuggestedlanguageisalsoaformofbe

7、haviour.Itcanbelearnedthesamewayasananimalistrainedtorespondtostimuli.Thistheoryoflanguagelearningisreferredtoasbehaviouralism,whichwasadoptedforsometimebythelanguageteachingprofession,particularlyinAmerica.Oneinfluentialresultistheaudio-ling