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ID:15816993
大小:545.67 KB
页数:39页
时间:2018-08-05
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1、RevisionContents:Unit1LanguageandLearning1.Whatarethemajorviewsoflanguage?Whataretheirimplicationstolanguageteachingorlearning?StructuralView:Itseeslanguageasalinguisticsystemmadeupofvarioussubsystem:fromphonological,morphological,lexical,etc.tosentence.Eachlanguagehasafinitenumberofsuchstruc
2、turalitems.Tolearnalanguagemeanstolearnthesestructuralitemssoastobeabletounderstandandproducelanguage.Audiolingualapproach:Theteachingofasecondlanguagethroughimitation,repetition,andreinforcement.Itemphasizestheteachingofspeakingandlisteningbeforereadingandwritingandtheuseofmothertongueinthec
3、lassroomisnotallowed.Theprincipalfeaturesofaudiolingualismareanemphasisonstructuresinthelanguagewhichcanbelearnedasregularpatternsofverbalbehaviorandthebeliefthatlearningisaprocessofhabitformation.FunctionalView:Itseeslanguageasalinguisticsystembutalsoasameansfordoingthings.Mostofourday-to-da
4、ylanguageuseinvolvesfunctionalactivities:offering,suggesting,advising,apologizing,etc.Therefore,learnerslearnalanguageinordertodothingswithit.Toperformfunctions,learnersneedtoknowhowtocombinethegrammaticalrulesandthevocabularytoexpressnotionsthatperformthefunctions.Communicativeapproachesareb
5、asedonthisviewoflanguage.InteractionalView:Itconsiderslanguageasacommunicativetool,whosemainuseistobuildupandmaintainsocialrelationsbetweenpeople.Therefore,learnersnotonlyneedtoknowthegrammarandvocabularyofthelanguage,butalsoneedtoknowtherulesforusingtheminawholerangeofcommunicativecontext.So
6、meofthelanguagelearningapproachesandmethodsbasedonthisviewoflanguageare:Strategicinteraction;communicativeapproaches.2.WhatarethemajorViewsonlanguagelearning?Whataretheirimplicationstolanguageteaching?39BehaviouralisttheoryBasedonthetheoryofconditioning,Skinnersuggestedlanguageisalsoaformofbe
7、haviour.Itcanbelearnedthesamewayasananimalistrainedtorespondtostimuli.Thistheoryoflanguagelearningisreferredtoasbehaviouralism,whichwasadoptedforsometimebythelanguageteachingprofession,particularlyinAmerica.Oneinfluentialresultistheaudio-ling
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