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1、关键词:分词作状语,省略我们可以把分词做状语的情况看成是状语从句的省略。分词有现在分词(walking,lying)和过去分词(worn,flown,seen),我们先看看现在分词作状语的由来。 一.现在分词作状语1.当从句中主语与主句的主语一致,我们可以省略掉从句中的主语及be动词的各种形式及连词。 Wheniwaswalkingalongthestreet,imetJohn.改写成Whenwalkingalongthestreet,imetJohn.最后我们可以把它写成Walkingalongthestreet,imetJohn2.当从句主
2、语与主句主语一致,我们把连词及主语省掉,然后把从句中的动词改成现在分词形式: Ifyouworkhard,youwillsurelysucceed.改成Workinghard,youwillsurelysuccee.(现在分词做时间状语) Becauseihadnomoney,iborrowedsomefromJohn.改成Havingnomoney,iborrowedsomefromJohn.(现在分词做原因状语) Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,sothatitcausedseriousfloodinginsever
3、alprovinces.改成Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,causingseriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.(现在分词做结果状语)Theystoodthereforanhourandwatchedthegame.改成Theystoodthereforanhour,watchingthegame. AfterIhaddressedmyself,iwenttoschool.改成Havingdressedmyself,iwenttoschool.(现在分词做时间状语) 注意:havingdone
4、作状语时用来表示动作发生的先后顺序,如Havingansweredthequestions,iwasallowedtoleave.有时为了把关系说清楚,我们仍然保留连词,比如下面这些句子Ifcaught,thethiefwillbepunished.Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunlesswateredeveryday.Generallyspeaking,when(itis)takenaccordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.-----Whoshouldb
5、eresponsiblefortheaccident?------Theboss,nottheworkers.Theyjustcarriedouttheorderastold.Whenfirstintroducedtothemarket,theseproductsenjoygreatsuccess.二.过去分词作状语当状语从句中从句主语与主句主语一致,从句的主语及被动语态中的be动词和连词去掉,就剩下了过去分词做状语的情况。Whentheearthisseenfromspace,theearthisblue.可以改成Seenfromspace,t
6、heearthisblue. Compared(=Whensheis)withmostofthegirlsnowadays,Maryisstillagoodgirl.三.从句与主句主语一致Gettingdark,Ileftinahurry.这句话对吗?错误的,因为现在分词的主语与主句的主语不一致,原句可补充完整为:Whenitgotdark,Ileftinahurry.如果原句为WhenIsawitgotdark,Ileftinahurry.我们就可以改为Seeingthatitgotdark,Ileftinahurry.四.拓展 1.如果从
7、句与主句主语一致,从句是主系表结构(主系表结构如:Iamhappy.Heisaman),我们可以省略掉主语与连词,把be动词的各种形式写成being。如Being(=Asheis)alittlechild,mybrotherlikescandy.Being(=Because hewas )ill,hecouldn'tgotoschool.Beingaddictedtothecomfortofcitylife,theydonotliketoliveinthecity.上述句子中有时甚至连being也省略掉。 2.当从句主语与主句主语不一致情况
8、 当上述情况发生时,现在分词可以有自己的逻辑主语,看看下面的句子Theweatherbeingfine(=Because theweat