国际贸易理论与实务——英语专业专用(英文版)

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1、一、名词解释：5×4’=20分1.Internationaltradeistheexchangeofgoodsandservicesacrossnationalbordersorterritories.2.Generaltradesystemisonthebaseofnationalboundary.Thegeneraltradesystemisinusewhenthestatisticalterritoryofacountrycoincideswithitseconomicterritory.3.TheLeontiefParadoxreferstotheconflictbetweenthec

2、onclusionofH-Otheoryandactualcertification.ItwasintroducedbyWassilyLeontiefwhowasthepioneerofinput-outputeconomicsinhisInput-outputEconomicspublishedin1966.LeontiefresearchedthelaborandcapitalcontentoftheUSAimportsandexportsin1947and1951.4.GSPisasystemcurrencyinplacewherealargenumberofdevelopedcount

3、riespermitduty-freeentryofaselectedlistofproductsifthoseproductsareimportedfromparticulardevelopingcountries.Thisduty-freeentryexistseventhoughapositivetariffisleviedifthoseproductscomeinfromdevelopedcountries,orother,richerdevelopingcountries.5.ImportQuotareferstotherestrictionimposedonimportgoodsi

4、ntermsofquantityandtotalvalueinacertainperiod.6.“Voluntary”exportrestraintsInacertainperiod(usually3to5years)theexporterstakeexportquotasofsomeproductsvoluntarilyunderthepressureordemandofimporters.7.Billofexchangeisanunconditionalorderinwritingsignedbytheperson(drawer),andaddressedtoanotherperson(d

5、rawee),requiringthedraweetopayastatedsumofmoneytootherperson(payee)ondemand，oratafixedordeterminablefuturetime.8.GeneralAverageisalegalprincipleofmaritimelawaccordingtowhichallpartiesinaseaventureproportionallyshareanylossesresultingfromavoluntarysacrificeofpartoftheshiporcargotosavethewholeinanemer

6、gency.9.Collectionmeansthattheexporteraskshisbanktocollectpaymentfromtheimporter.二、问答题：9’×4=36分1.WhatarethebasiccontentsofMercantilism?1)BackgroundEconomic:currencybecametheonlygoalGeographical:geographicaldiscoveryPolitical:thebourgeoisieareinalliancewithfeudalroyal2)MercantilistthoughtViewofwealth

7、:goldandsilverweretheonlywealthResourceofwealth:foreigntradePrecondition:tradesurplusMeanstoachievement:stateintervention2.Whatarethebasicthoughtsofinfantindustryargument?Theinfantindustryargumentisan