国际贸易实务_双语教案_附术语中英文对译

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1、国际贸易实务教案Chapter1BriefIntroductiontoInternationalTrade国际贸易简介1.1Reasonsforinternationaltrade1.1.1ResourcesReasons(1)Naturalresources.(2)Favorableclimateconditionsandterrain.(3)Skilledworkersandcapitalresources.(4)Favorablegeographiclocationandtransportationcos

2、ts.1.1.2EconomicReasons(1)Comparativeadvantage(2)Strongdomesticdemand(3)Innovationorstyle1.1.3PoliticalReasons1.2ProblemsConcerningInternationalTrade1.2.1CulturalProblems(1)Language.(2)Customsandmanners.1.2.2MonetaryConversions1.2.3TradeBarriersIndividualcou

3、ntriesputcontrolsontradeforthefollowingthreereasons:(1)Tocorrectabalance-of-paymentsdeficit.(2)Forreasonsofnationalsecurity.(3)Toprotecttheirownindustriesagainstthecompetitionofforeigngoods.Althoughtariffshavebeenloweredsubstantiallybyinternationalagreements

4、,countriescontinuetouseotherdevicestolimitimportsortoincreaseexports.Someoftheseare:(1)requiringimportlicensesthatpermitonlyspecificvolumesorvaluesimports;(2)settingquotasthatlimitthetotalvalueorvolumeofaproducttobeimported;(3)limitinggovernmentpurchasestofi

5、rmswithinthecountry;(4)applyingstandardsforsafety,consumerprotection,orotherreasons,whichforeignproductsmaynotbeabletomeet;(5)makingspecialpaymentscalledexportsubsidiestoencouragelocalexporterstoincreaseforeignsales;(6)targeting——anewtermmeaningtheimposition

6、ofapackageofmeasurestogivecertainlocalindustriesacompetitiveadvantageinexportmarkets.Itmightincludeexportsubsidies,technicalassistance,subsidiesforresearchanddevelopment,andfinancialassistance;(7)requiringlicensestoobtainforeigncurrenciesbythosewhowanttobuyg

7、oodsfromabroad——thuslimitingthequantityofimportstheycanbuy;(8)reducingthevalueofanation’scurrencyinrelationtothatoftherestoftheworldsothatitsexportedgoodscostlessinothercountriesanditsimportscostmore;(9)imposingconditionsonforeignproductssuchasrequiringthatt

8、heirgoodscontainacertainamountoflocallyproducedproducts;(10)restrictingtradeinbanking,insurance,andotherserviceprofessions.练习一：导论思考题：1国际贸易实务课程的主要任务和研究对象是什么？本课程包括哪些主要内容？2与国内贸易相比进出口贸易有何特点？3国际贸易中影响