美联储启动二次量化宽松计划_美经济再打强心针

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1、美联储启动二次量化宽松计划美经济再打强心针(1/2)[慢速VOA101108]TheFederalReservecallsAmerica'seconomicrecovery"disappointinglyslow".SotheFederalReservedecidedWednesdaytoadd$600,000,000,000tothefinancialsystembythemiddleofnextyear.Todothis,thecentralbankwillbuyTreasurysecuritiesfromdealers.Theactionisknownasq

2、uantitativeeasing.Thegoalistoreducelong-terminterestrates.Thehopeistocreateconditionswherebusinesseswillinvestmoreandpeoplewillspendmore.Buyinglonger-termTreasurysecuritieswillmakelessgovernmentdebtavailabletoinvestors.Thiswillraisetheprice.Asbondpricesrise,theirratesfall.Long-termsec

3、uritiesaffectratesonhomemortgagesandotherloans.Lowerratesoncorporatebondscouldleadbusinessestoinvestinmoreequipmentandjobs.Loweringshort-terminterestratesistheFederalReserve'smainwaytogetbankstoincreaselending.Butthoseratesarealreadynearzero.TheFedearlierbought$1,750,000,000,000ofTrea

4、suriesandothersecurities.ThatprogramendedinMarch.参考译文：美联储称美国的经济复苏速度缓慢，令人失望。因此，美联储于周三决定到明年年中为止向金融系统增加投入6000亿美元。为此，中央银行将从证券经销商手中购买国库券。这种做法被称为“定量宽松”。“定量宽松”的目标是降低长期利率。该措施力图创造一个多投资多消费的市场环境。通过购买长期国库券可以减少政府对投资者的债务。这会使国库券升值。随着国库券的升值，利率降低。长期国库券会影响住房贷款和其他贷款的利率。企业债券的低利率将会使投资更多转向设备和就业方面。降低短期利率是美联

5、储促使银行增加贷款的主要方法。但是现在的银行贷款利率已经接近于零。早前，美联储已经购买了价值17500亿的国库券和其他债券。该项举措已经在三月份完成。美联储启动二次量化宽松计划美经济再打强心针(2/2)[慢速VOA101109]FedChairmanBenBernanke,writinginTheWashingtonPost,said"Easierfinancialconditionswillpromoteeconomicgrowth."Butinterestratesarealreadylow.Andcriticssayfurthercutsareunlikel

6、ytocreatemuchgrowth.Inflationalsoislow--solowthatsomeeconomistsworrymoreabouttheriskoffallingpricesandwages.Butotherssaypumpingmoremoneyintotheeconomywillweakenthevalueofthedollar.Theysayitcouldraiseinflationtodangerouslevels--andnotjustinAmerica.InterestratesintheUnitedStatesandEurop

7、earelowerthaninAsiaandLatinAmerica.Asaresult,AsianandLatinAmericaneconomiesarealreadystrugglingwithanoverflowofinvestments.Largeflowsofcapitalcanraisecurrencyvaluesandmakeexport-basedeconomieslesscompetitive.Severalnationsareconsideringlimitsoncapital.TheFed'sactionthisweekhadbeenexpe

8、cted.