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1、CohesioninTechnicalEnglishTranslation技术英语翻译中的衔接Contents1introduction32.Cohesion73.Classificationofcohesion124.ConceptsRelatedtoCohesion335TheRelationofCohesionandTranslation366TranslationStrategiesApplicabletoCohesiveDevicesinESTTranslation407Conclusions42Bibliograp
2、hy431.introductionWiththerapiddevelopmentofthescienceandtechnology,wearesituatedinaninformationexplosionage,andthescientifictextsconspicuouslyincreaseconveyingmoreandmoreinformation.Atextisaunitoflanguageinuse.Itisnotagrammaticalunit,likeaclauseorasentence;anditisno
3、tdefinedbyitssize.Atextissometimesenvisagedtobesomekindofsuper-sentence,agrammaticalunitthatislargerthanasentencebutisrelatedtoagroupandsoon:byCONSTITUENCY,thecompositionoflargerunitsoutofsmallerones.Butthisismisleading.Atextisnotsomethingthatislikeasentence,onlybig
4、ger;itissomethingthatdiffersfromasentenceinkind.AtextisbestregardedasaSEMANTICunit:aunitnotofformbutofmeaning.ThusitisrelatedtoaclauseorsentencenotbysizebutbyREALIZATION,thecodingofonesymbolicsysteminanother.AtextdoesnotCONSISTofsentence;itisREALIZEDBY,orencodedinse
5、ntences.Ifweunderstanditinthisway,weshallnotexpecttofindthesamekindofSTRUCTURALintegrationamongthepartsofatextaswefindamongthepartsofasentenceorclause.Theunityofatextisaunityofadifferentkind.Theconceptofatiemakesitpossibletoanalyzeatextintermsofitscohesiveproperties
6、,andgivesasystematicaccountofitspatternsoftexture.Varioustypesofquestioncanbeinvestigatedinthisway,forexampleconcerningthedifferencebetweenspeechandwriting,therelationshipbetweencohesionandtheorganizationofwrittentextsintosentencesandparagraphs,andthepossiblediffere
7、ncesamongdifferentgenresanddifferentauthorsinthenumbersandkindsoftietheytypicallyemploy.Likeothersemanticrelations,cohesionisexpressedthroughthestratalorganizationoflanguage.Languagecanbeexplainedasamultiplecodingsystemcomprisingthreelevelsofcoding,or‘strata’:thesem
8、antic(meanings),thelexicogrammatical(forms)andthephonologicalandorthographic(expressions).Meaningsarerealizedasforms,andformsarerealizedin
