Cohesion in English

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1、10CohesioninEnglishThevariouskindsofcohesionhadbeenoutlinedbyMAKHallidayinhiswritingsonstylisticsandtheconceptwasdevelopedbyRuqayiaHasaninherUniversityofEdinburghdoctoralthesis.Cohesiverelationsarerelationsbetweentwoormoreelementsinatextthatareindependentofthestructure:forexampleb

2、etweenapersonalpronounandanantecedentpropername,suchasJohn….he.Asemanticrelationofthiskindmaybesetupeitherwithinasentencewiththeconsequencethatwhenitcrossesasentenceboundaryithastheeffectofmakingthetwosentencescoherewithoneanother.Themajorfunctionofcohesionistextformation.Asdefine

3、d:textisaunifiedwholeoflinguisticitems,thisunityoftextasasemanticwholeissourcefortheconceptofcohesion.Sofirstwewillexploretheconceptoftext.TextTextinlinguisticsreferstoanypassagespokenwrittenofwhateverlengththatformsaunifiedwhole.Areadercaneasilyidentifywhetherthepassageheisreadin

4、gisatextorotherwiseacollectionofunrelatedsentences.Atextmaybe:spoken,written,prose,verse,dialogue,monologue,singleproverb,asinglecryforhelporalldaydiscussiononacommittee.Atextisaunitoflanguageinuse.Agrammaticalunitthatislargerthanasentence.Atextisnotsomethingthatislikeasentenceonl

5、ybiggerorlarger.Itismisleading.Rathertextcanbebestdefinedasasemanticunit;aunitnotofformbutofmeaning.Ifitissemanticunit,wewillnotexpecttofinditinstructureofasentenceasagrammaticalunitasphrase,clauseetc.Sotextisnotconsistofsentencebutitisrealizedbysentenceorencodedinsentences.Therea

6、recertainobjectivefactorsinvolvedthatconstituteatext.ConstituentsofText1.Texture:2.Ties:3.Cohesion1.Texture:Textureisthatfeatureoftextwhichmadeitaunifiedwhole.Accordingto‘TheConciseOxfordDictionaryofLinguisticsbyP.H.Mathews’cohesionandcoherencearesourceswhichcreatetexture.Crystala

7、dds‘informativeness’tocohesionandcoherence.Example:Washandcoresixcookingapples.Putthemintoafireproofdish.Herethemreferencebacktosixcookingapplestocreatecohesionbetweenthetwosentences.Herewemakeapresuppositionabouttherelationshipbetweenthemandsixcookingapplesbutitisnotenoughonlytom

8、akeapresuppositionratherthatpresu