chapter 11 language__ acquisition

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1、Chapter11LanguageAcquisitionIntroductiontoLinguisticsInstructor:LINWenzhiSchoolofForeignLanguages,SouthwestUniversityChapter11LanguageAcquisitionWen-ZhiLinSouthwestUniversity,Beibei,Chongqing,P.R.ChinaMainContents1.FirstLanguageAcquisition3.InstructedSecondLanguageAcquisition2.SecondLangua

2、geAcquisition9/17/20213Part1FirstLanguageAcquisitionDefinitionofFLA1Acquisitionvs.Learning2ApproachestoFLA3StagesofFLA49/17/202141.FirstlanguageacquisitionWhatisfirstlanguageacquisition?Firstlanguageacquisition(L1acquisition)referstotheprocesswherebychildrenbecomespeakersoftheirnativelangua

3、ge(NL)orlanguages,althoughsomelinguistsprefertousethetermlanguagelearning.9/17/20215Whatisthedifferencebetweenacquisitionandlearning?Thetermacquisition,whenusedoflanguage,referstothegradualdevelopmentofabilityinalanguagebyusingitnaturallyincommunicativesituations.Thetermlearning,incontrast,

4、appliestotheprocessofconsciouslyaccumulatingknowledgeofalanguage,particularlythroughformalinstruction.1.Firstlanguageacquisition9/17/20216Whatarethemajorapproachestofirstlanguageacquisition?Behaviourism(mostinfluentialbeforethe1960s):Languagelearningislikeanyotherformofhumanbehavior,beingap

5、rocessofhabit-formationcharacterizedbystimulus-responseandimitation-reinforcementrelationship.Innatenessapproach(fromthe1960sonwards):Theabilitytoacquireahumanlanguageisbornandbiologicallybuiltinthehumanbrain,linkedinsomemannertophysiologicalmaturation,withsomedegreeofweakeningafterthetimeo

6、fpuberty(e.g.,alongwiththeprocessoflateralization*).1.Firstlanguageacquisition9/17/20217Interactionhypothesis(alsocalleda“weak”innatehypothesis):Childrenarebornnotwithspecificknowledgeofgrammaticalrulesbutwithapotentialityfororganizingexperiencesincertainways,decidingcertainkindsofrelations

7、hipandcomprehendingsymbols,whichreliesoninteractionwiththeenvironmenttofunction.So,whichapproachdoyoupreferandwhy?1.Firstlanguageacquisition9/17/20218Whatarethetypicalstagesoffirstlanguageacquisition?Pre-languagestageInvoluntarycrying:whenfeelinghungryor