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1、延髓背外侧综合征临床及影像学探究【摘要】目的探讨延髓背外侧综合征(lateralmedullarysyndrome,LMS)的临床及影像学特点。方法回顾性分析26例延髓背外侧综合征的临床及影像学资料。结果26例均急性或亚急性起病,首发症状为头晕、言语不清、吞咽困难者22例,占84.6%。常见的临床表现有吞咽困难、声音嘶哑、饮水呛咳(88.5%);眩晕、呕吐、眼震(76.9%);共济失调(61.5%);Horner征(53.8%)以及交叉性感觉障碍(50.0%)。MRI以延髓背外侧长T1长T2信号为主要影像学特征。26例患者经治疗均好转出院,其中痊愈6例(23.7%)20例遗留有一定的后遗
2、症,包括咽反射减弱6例,共济失调5例,感觉障碍5例,轻度Horner征3例,轻度周围性面瘫1例。结论延髓背外侧综合征首发症状多为头晕、言语不清、吞咽困难。MRI检查对诊断的敏感性高。早期诊断、早期治疗、预防并发症的发生是改善预后的关键。【关键词】延髓背外侧综合征;临床特点;MRIClinicalandimagingstudyinLateralMedullarySyndromeChengZhao-zhao,WangGuo-ping,RenMing-shan.DepartmentofNeurology,AffiliatedProvincialHospitalofAnhuiMedicalUni
3、versity,Hefei9230001,China【Abstract】ObjectiveToexploretheclinicalandimagingofLateralMedullarySyndrome(LMS).Methods26casesoflateralmedullarysyndromewereanalyzedretrospectively.ResultsThepatientspresentedacuteorsubacuteonset,22caseshavethefirstsymptomofdizziness,unclearspeech,difficultyswallowing,a
4、ccountingfor84.6percent.Dysphagia,hoarsevoice,chokingdrinkingwater(88.5%);dizziness,vomiting,nystagmus(76.9%);Ataxia(61.5%);Hornerlevy(53.8%)andcross-sexualdysfunction(50.0%)werethemostcommonsymptomsandsigns.TheMRIimageofallcaseswasindicationsthatthelateralmedullaryhavelongT1andlongT2signal.Allof
5、patientsreceivingtreatmentarebetterdischarge,whichrecoveredsixcases(23.7%).20patientshavelefttheafter-effects,whichswallowreflexweakened6cases,Ataxia5cases,5casesofsensorydysfunction,mildHornerlevy3cases,1caseofperipheralfacialparalysis.ConclusionThemostfirstsymptomofLateralMedullarySyndromeare9d
6、izziness,speechunclear,dysphagia,MRIissensitiveforthediagnosisofLMS.Earlydiagnosisandtreatment,preventionoftheoccurrenceofcomplicationsisthekeytoimprovetheprognosisofLMS.【Keywords】Lateralmedullarysyndrome(LMS);Clinicalfeatures;MRI延髓背外侧综合征(LMS)又称Wallenberg综合征,是指各种原因所致的延髓背外侧部损害,使该处神经核团和传导束受累出现的一组临床
7、综合征。其临床表现多样,近几年,随着影像学的发展,诊断率逐年提高,但临床医师普遍对该病认识不足,现将安徽省立医院近5年来收治的26例患者的临床资料作回顾性分析。1资料与方法1.1一般资料对2002-2007年收治的经MRI检查明确诊断为LMS的26例患者的资料进行回顾性分析。其中男16例,女10例,男女比为1.6:1;年龄37~78岁,平均(52.7±3.7)岁,既往有高血压6例、糖尿病2例,占30.7%,无任何基础疾病的18例,占