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1、高一英语人教课标必修1unit1语法——直接引语和间接引语素材句子结构的变化Hesaid,“IhavebeentotheGreatWall.”HesaidthathehadbeentotheGreatWall.Hesaid,“I'llgiveyouanexamnextMonday.”Hesaid()hewouldgiveusanexamthenextMonday.1.直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语的方法引导词为:语序:that不变thatHesaid,“Doyouhaveanydifficultywithpronunciation?”Heasked(me)whether/i
2、fIhadanydifficultywithmypronunciation.Hesaid,“YouareinterestedinEnglish,aren'tyou?”Heasked()IwasinterestedinEnglish.2.直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语 引导词为:语序:if或whether陈述（即主语在前，谓语在后）whetherHesaidtome，“What'syourname?”Heaskedmewhatmynamewas.Heaskedus,“Howmanycarfactorieshavebeenbuiltinyourcountry?”Heaske
3、dus()carfactorieshadbeenbuiltinourcountry.3.直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语引导词为:语序:特殊疑问词陈述（即主语在前，谓语在后）howmany口诀说明直接引语间接引语人称变化一随主二随宾三不变引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称不变Shesaid,“IlikeTennis.”Shesaidthatshelikedtennis.HesaidtoLily,“youmustgetupearly.”HetoldLilythatshemustget
4、upearly.Shesaidtome,“Theywanttohelphim.”Shetoldmethattheywantedtohelphim.间接引语中的人称与直接引语中的人称指向一致.时态的变化直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般现在时或现在完成时Sheoftensays,“Allmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.”从句动词时态不变Sheoftensaysthatallmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变
5、为:一般现在时“Iknowit,”hesaid.一般过去时Hesaidthatheknewit.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:现在进行时“I’mmakingcoffeeforyouall,”shesaid.过去进行时Shesaidshewasmakingcoffeeforusall.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:现在完成时“Ihaveseenherbefore,”saidhe.过去完成时Hesaidhehadseenherbefor
6、e.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:一般过去时“Isawherlastnight,”hesaid.过去完成时Hesaidhehadseenherthenightbefore.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:过去完成时“DoyouknowRickhadbeenillinbedformanydaystillhedied?”Jackasked.过去完成时JackaskedifIknewRickhadbeenillinbedformanyday
7、stillhedied.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:一般将来时Hesaid:“Weshallstarttomorrow.”过去将来时Hesaidtheywouldstartthenextday.直接引语变间接引语时,时态要发生变化:一般现在时现在完成时现在进行时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:1.不变的真理Theteachersaidtothestudents,
