英语专业考研语言学试题集锦.doc

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1、语言学的资料很少，看完书后想找些习题或往年试题做做，可以起到练兵，巩固所看书本知识的作用。我收集了一些高校语言学的往年试题供大家参考，讨论，交流一下做题的感受，也希望大家可以把自己所考学校的往年试题发表在上面，给大家一起讨论。　　1Oneofthemainfeaturesofourhumanlanguageisarbitrariness.Canyoubrieflyexplainwhatisthisfeaturerefersto?Giveexamplesifnecessary(10points).<北师大2003年试题）　　2Inenglishwecandescribeastor

2、yas"asuccessfulstory"or"asuccessstory".Doyouthinktheymeanthesame?Pleaseexplainandgiveyourreasons(10points),<同上》　　3Expainthefollowingterms,givingexampleswherenecessary.(50points)<中山2003》designfeaturemacrolinguisticsvowelminimalpairfolketymologyaspect　　anophorerroranalysisrmetaphor　　4Languagec

3、anchangethroughblending,metanalysis,back-formation,analogicalcreationandborrowing.Givetwoenglishwordsforeachofthem(5points)清华2000年试题　　5Answerthefollowingquestionbriefly.clearly,grammaticallyandcorrectly.(10Points)湖南师大2003年　　Whatisitwrongtoassumethatthemeaningofasentenceisthesumofthemeaningof

4、thewordswhichcomposeit?　　7Definethefollowingterms.(10points)中国海洋大学1999　　Phoneme,consonant,morpheme,lexicon,syntax,endocentricconstruction,semantics,hyponymy,language,designfeature　　8Definethefollowingterms.(20points)苏州大学1997allophonemorphemeassimilationinternalauthorityinterlanguagephaticcom

5、munion　　closed-classwordgovernmentsemanticatriangiclinguafranca　　Whatisthemaingrammaticaldifferencebetweenasentenceandaclause?同上　　6Translateintochineseandexemplifyeachofthefollowing.(10points)　　Example:dialectalsynonyms　　Answer,方言同义词，Fallandautumnaredialectalsynonyms.　　homography　　homophony　

6、　gradableoppositesendocentricconstuction　　exocentricconstruction　　9大连外国语学院1992年语言学全部试题100POINTS　　Listthesiximportantcharacteristicsofhumanlanguage.　　Whatarethetypesofmorphemes?　　Illustratethedeepandsurfacestructures.　　Whatdouknowaboutthesemanticfeatures?　　Howdoeslanguagechange?　　10Wordsinour

7、mentallexiconareknowntoberelatedtooneanother.Discusstherelationshipsbetweenwords,usingexamplesfromtheenglishlanguage.(15points)北外2003年试题　　11Whatdoyouthinkarethesimilaritiesanddissimilaritiesbetweenlearningafirstandasecondlanguage?(30points)同上