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1、ComplementHillwassaidthewinnerofthefight.Ithinkthebookexpensive.补语是一种补足主语和宾语意义的句子成分，常由形容词、名词、数词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语和从句充当。补足主语意义的句子成分叫做主语补足语：ItissaidthatsheisfromNewZealand.=SheissaidtobefromNewZealand.Itissaid/believed/thought…that可以转化为不定式作主语补足语：sb./sth.issaid/believed/thoug
2、ht…todosth.Tiredandsleepy,Iwenttobed.Youstandup,verynervous.Thirsty,hungryandcold,thegirlsellsmatches.Thegoatrolledover,dead.表示主语特征的形容词可以单独用作主语补足语，其功能相当于状语。Jimmywaselectedmonitorbyus.WeelectedJimmymonitor.被动语态中的主语补足语可以转化为主动语态中的宾语补足语。补足宾语意义的句子成分叫做宾语补足语：Hersmilemakesushapp
3、y.Youshouldmakethedooropen.形容词作宾语补足语优先。Iaskmysistertobuysomefoodforme.MyfatherdidnotallowmetowatchTV.Isawanoldmancrossthestreet.A.宾语与宾补在逻辑上是主谓关系（表示动作发生了，即动作全过程结束了）。动词不定式作宾补：SheconsidershimtobeherMr.right.ThefatherforcedJacktoeattoomuch.B.有一些动词后面的宾补常是不定式:ask,tell,order,be
4、g,permit,advise,persuade,allow,prepare,cause,force,get,invite,want,wish,believe,consider,prove,suppose,encourage…Inoticedhimstudyhard.Sarahfeltyoucheather.Thebosshadhimworkdayandnight.C.感官动词：see,lookat,watch,notice,observe,hear,listento,feel“五看、二听、一感觉”和使役动词：let,have,make
5、的宾语补足语省略“to”Ifindher(to)drinkeverynight.Hehelpshislittlebrother(to)study.D.find,help的宾语补足语可以省略“to”Hewasheardtotellafantasticstory.Thedriverwasmadetoparkhiscar.Thethiefwasfoundtorunaway.E.省略“to”的不定式作宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语要还原“to”现在分词作宾补：Ifeltthehouseshakingallday.Youhadkeptmewa
6、itinghereforlongtime.Canyouhearsomeonesinging?A.宾语与宾补在逻辑上是主谓关系（表示动作正在发生，或在持续即处于发生的过程中，还没有结束）。Heavyburdenkeepsstudentworkinghard.Thepolicecaughthimstealing.B.有一些动词后面的宾补常是现在分词:keep,imagine,catch,lookat,see,watch,observe,notice,let,hear,listento,feel,find,smell,leave,get…过去
7、分词作宾补：Iamgladtoseethechildwelltakencareof.Couldyoupleasemakeyourselfknowntous?Hefoundhimselfinspiredbyhisspirit.A.宾语与宾补在逻辑上是动宾关系（表示动作被执行）。WhenIreturnedthere,Ifoundthebaggone.Whenhewokeup,hefoundtheworldoutsidecompletelychanged.B.不及物动词的过去分词作宾补时,与宾语没有被动关系,只表示动作完成和状态。Iheard
8、thesongsunginEnglish.Hesawhiswalletstolen.Hegothistoothpulledoutyesterday.Don’tleavethosethingsundone.C
