曼昆《经济学原理》(宏观经济学分册)英文原版PPT课件——28unemployment.ppt

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1、28UnemploymentandItsNaturalRateIDENTIFYINGUNEMPLOYMENTCategoriesofUnemploymentTheproblemofunemploymentisusuallydividedintotwocategories.Thelong-runproblemandtheshort-runproblem:ThenaturalrateofunemploymentThecyclicalrateofunemploymentIDENTIFYINGUNEMPLOYMENTNaturalRateofUnemploymentThenat

2、uralrateofunemploymentisunemploymentthatdoesnotgoawayonitsowneveninthelongrun.Itistheamountofunemploymentthattheeconomynormallyexperiences.IDENTIFYINGUNEMPLOYMENTCyclicalUnemploymentCyclicalunemploymentreferstotheyear-to-yearfluctuationsinunemploymentarounditsnaturalrate.Itisassociatedwi

3、thwithshort-termupsanddownsofthebusinesscycle.IDENTIFYINGUNEMPLOYMENTDescribingUnemploymentThreeBasicQuestions:Howdoesgovernmentmeasuretheeconomy’srateofunemployment?Whatproblemsariseininterpretingtheunemploymentdata?Howlongaretheunemployedtypicallywithoutwork?HowIsUnemploymentMeasured?U

4、nemploymentismeasuredbytheBureauofLaborStatistics(BLS).Itsurveys60,000randomlyselectedhouseholdseverymonth.ThesurveyiscalledtheCurrentPopulationSurvey.HowIsUnemploymentMeasured?Basedontheanswerstothesurveyquestions,theBLSplaceseachadultintooneofthreecategories:EmployedUnemployedNotinthel

5、aborforceHowIsUnemploymentMeasured?TheBLSconsidersapersonanadultifheorsheisover16yearsold.HowIsUnemploymentMeasured?Apersonisconsideredemployedifheorshehasspentmostofthepreviousweekworkingatapaidjob.HowIsUnemploymentMeasured?Apersonisunemployedifheorsheisontemporarylayoff,islookingforajo

6、b,oriswaitingforthestartdateofanewjob.HowIsUnemploymentMeasured?Apersonwhofitsneitherofthesecategories,suchasafull-timestudent,homemaker,orretiree,isnotinthelaborforce.HowIsUnemploymentMeasured?LaborForceThelaborforceisthetotalnumberofworkers,includingboththeemployedandtheunemployed.TheB

7、LSdefinesthelaborforceasthesumoftheemployedandtheunemployed.Figure1TheBreakdownofthePopulationin2001Copyright©2003Southwestern/ThomsonLearningAdultPopulation(211.9million)LaborForce(141.8million)Employed(135.1million)Notinlaborforce(70.1million)Unemployed(6.7million)HowIs