英语教学中的测试与评价方法.ppt

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1、Testing&AssessmentinELT英语教学中的测试与评价方法Outline1.Asketchyhistory2.Typesoflanguagetests3.Testingtechniques4.Criteriaforgoodlanguagetests5.Constructingmultiple-choicequestions6.Criticaldiscussion1.HistoryofLangaugeTestingandAssessmentASketchyHistory1.1Pre-scientificStage前科学阶段1.2Ps

2、ychometric-StructuralistTestingStage心理测量学-结构主义测试阶段1.3Integrative-SociolinguisticTestingStage综合-社会语言学测试阶段1.4PragmaticandCommunicativeTestingStage语用交际测试阶段1.1Pre-scientificStageBeforethe1940sGrammar-translationmethod语法翻译法TraditionaltestingapproachTraditionalTestingApproachWhat:

3、grammaticalrules,wordformation,wordusageHow:writtentest,nooraltestQuestiontype:subjective,liketranslation,composition,writtenquestions1.2Psychometric-StructuralistTesting心理测量-结构主义测试Sincethe1950sTheoreticalguidanceFeaturesAudiolingualmethod听说法Discrete-pointtestingapproach(分项测验

4、/分立式测验)理论基础：语言学中的结构主义语言观：语言=语音+词汇+句式+语法，语言能力可以分解为具体的部分来考查。心理学中的行为主义教育论：刺激反应式学习方式，反复练习。心理测量学：依据一定的心理学理论，运用一定的操作程序，把人的知识、能力、性格、态度等心理特性和行为进行量化。Emphasizingreliability（信度）andvalidity（效度）Emphasizingobjectiveandaccurateassessment,Objectivequestionsdominate,particularlymultiplechoices

5、.AnalyzingtestingresultsstatisticallyEnjoyingahighreliability信度高Discrete-pointTestingAquestiononlyassessesonelanguagepointTesting:conductedatdifferentlevelsoflanguagestructure语言层面Languageproficiency：beingassessedfromtheaspectsoflistening,speaking,readingandwriting技能层面1.3Integr

6、ative-SociolinguisticTesting综合-社会语言学测试Sincethemid-1970s（动态语言观）Integrativeskilltests综合技能测试Assessalearner'sabilitytousemanybitsatthesametime.Questiontypes：cloze//composition/oralinterview,etc.1.4Pragmatic&CommunicativeTestingStage语用交际测试阶段Fromthe1980s(功能语言观)Communicativeapproac

7、hFromlanguageusagetolanguageusePragmaticapproachIntegrityoflanguage/wholelanguageAssessingwithtasksAccuracy,fluencyandappropriatenessCommunicativecompetence2.TypesofLanguageTestsTypesofLanguageTestsFormative&SummativeTests;形成性和总结性Objective&SubjectiveTests;客观性和主观性Criterion-refe

8、renced&Norm-referencedTests;标准参照性和常模参照性TestsClassifiedAccordi