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大小:72.50 KB
页数:15页
时间:2019-06-15
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1、CulturalTranslationBySamiraMizani,MATranslationStudies,FarsSienceandResearchAzadUniversityofIransmizani60[at]gmail.comCultureandinterculturalcompetenceandawarenessthatriseoutofexperienceofculture,arefarmorecomplexphenomenathanitmayseemtothetranslator.Themoreatranslatorisawareofcompl
2、exitiesofdifferencesbetweencultures,thebetteratranslators/hewillbe.Itisprobablyrighttosaythattherehasneverbeenatimewhenthecommunityoftranslatorswasunawareofculturaldifferencesandtheirsignificancefortranslation.Translationtheoristshavebeencognizantoftheproblemsattendantuponculturalkn
3、owledgeandculturaldifferencesatleastsinceancientRome.Culturalknowledgeandculturaldifferenceshavebeenamajorfocusoftranslatortrainingandtranslationtheoryforaslongaseitherhasbeeninexistence.Themainconcernhastraditionallybeenwithwordsandphrasesthataresoheavilyandexclusivelygroundedinone
4、culturethattheyarealmostimpossibletotranslateintotheterms–verbalorotherwise–ofanother.Longdebatehavebeenheldoverwhentoparaphrase,whentousethenearestlocalequivalent,whentocoinanewwordbytranslatingliterally,andwhentotranscribe.Allthese“untranslatable”cultural-boundwordsandphrasesconti
5、nuedtofascinatetranslatorsandtranslationtheorists.ThefirsttheorydevelopedinthisfieldwasintroducedbyMouninin1963whounderlinedtheimportanceofthesignificationofalexicalitemclaimingthatonlyifthisnotionisconsideredwillthetranslateditemfulfillitsfunctioncorrectly.Theproblemwiththistheoryi
6、sthatalltheculturalelementsdonotinvolvejusttheitems,whatatranslatorshoulddointhecaseofculturalimplicationswhichareimpliedinthebackgroundknowledgeofSLreaders?Thenotionofcultureisessentialtoconsideringtheimplicationsfortranslationand,despitethedifferencesinopinionastowhetherlanguageis
7、partofcultureornot,thetwonotionsofcultureandlanguageappeartobeinseparable.In1964,Nidadiscussedtheproblemsofcorrespondenceintranslation,conferredequalimportancetobothlinguisticandculturaldifferencesbetweentheSLandtheTLandconcludedthatdifferencesbetweenculturesmaycausemoreseverecompli
8、cationsforthetransl
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