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1、LiberalismandtheLimitsofJustice(1982;2nded.,1998)LiberalismandItsCritics,editor(1984)Democracy’sDiscontent:AmericainSearchofaPublicPhilosophy(1996)PublicPhilosophy:EssaysonMoralityinPolitics(2005)TheCaseAgainstPerfection:EthicsintheAgeofGeneticEngineering(2007)Justice:AReader,editor(2007)J
2、USTICEWHAT’STHERIGHTTHINGTODO?MICHAELJ.SANDELFARRAR,STRAUSANDGIROUXNEWYORKForKiku,withloveCONTENTSDEDICATION1.DOINGTHERIGHTTHING2.THEGREATESTHAPPINESSPRINCIPLE/UTILITARIANISM3.DOWEOWNOURSELVES?/LIBERTARIANISM4.HIREDHELP/MARKETSANDMORALS5.WHATMATTERSISTHEMOTIVE/IMMANUELKANT6.THECASEFOREQUAL
3、ITY/JOHNRAWLS7.ARGUINGAFFIRMATIVEACTION8.WHODESERVESWHAT?/ARISTOTLE9.WHATDOWEOWEONEANOTHER?/DILEMMASOFLOYALTY10.JUSTICEANDTHECOMMONGOODNOTESACKNOWLEDGMENTSINDEX1.DOINGTHERIGHTTHINGInthesummerof2004,HurricaneCharleyroaredoutoftheGulfofMexicoandsweptacrossFloridatotheAtlanticOcean.Thestormcl
4、aimedtwenty-twolivesandcaused$11billionindamage.1Italsoleftinitswakeadebateaboutpricegouging.AtagasstationinOrlando,theyweresellingtwo-dollarbagsoficefortendollars.Lackingpowerforrefrigeratorsorair-conditioninginthemiddleofAugust,manypeoplehadlittlechoicebuttopayup.Downedtreesheighteneddem
5、andforchainsawsandroofrepairs.Contractorsofferedtocleartwotreesoffahomeowner’sroof—for$23,000.Storesthatnormallysoldsmallhouseholdgeneratorsfor$250werenowasking$2,000.Aseventy-seven-year-oldwomanfleeingthehurricanewithherelderlyhusbandandhandicappeddaughterwascharged$160pernightforamotelro
6、omthatnormallygoesfor$40.2ManyFloridianswereangeredbytheinflatedprices.“AfterStormCometheVultures,”readaheadlineinUSAToday.Oneresident,tolditwouldcost$10,500toremoveafallentreefromhisroof,saiditwaswrongforpeopleto“trytocapitalizeonotherpeople’shardshipandmisery.”CharlieCrist,thestate’satto
7、rneygeneral,agreed:“Itisastoundingtome,thelevelofgreedthatsomeonemusthaveintheirsoultobewillingtotakeadvantageofsomeonesufferinginthewakeofahurricane.”3Floridahasalawagainstpricegouging,andintheaftermathofthehurricane,theattorneygeneral’sofficereceivedmorethan