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1、Justice09ArguingAffirmativeAction/What'sthePurpose?Lasttime,wewerediscussingthedistinction,thatRawlsdrawsbetweentwodifferenttypesofclaims.Claimsofmoraldesertontheonehand,andofentitlementtolegitimateexpectationsontheother.Rawlsarguedthatit'samistaketothinkthatdistributivejusticeisamatterofmoraldes
2、ert.Amatterofrewardingpeopleaccordingtotheirvirtue.Todaywe'regoingtoexplorethatquestionofmoraldesertanditsrelationtodistributivejustice.Notinconnectionwithincomingwealth,butinitsconnectionwithopportunities.Withhiringdecisionsandadmissionstandards.Andsoweturntothecase,ofaffirmativeaction.Youreadab
3、outthecaseofCherylHopwood.SheappliedforadmissiontotheUniversityofTexasLawSchool.CherylHopwoodhadworkedherwaythroughhighschool,shedidn'tcomefromanaffluentfamily,sheputherselfthroughcommunitycollege,andCaliforniaStateUniversityatSacramento.Sheachieveda3.8gradepointaveragethere,latermovedtoTexas,bec
4、amearesident,tookthelawschooladmissionstest,didprettywellonthat,andsheappliedtotheUniversityofTexasLawSchool.Shewasturneddown.ShewasturneddownatatimewhentheUniversityofTexas,wasusinganaffirmativeactionadmissionspolicy.Apolicythattookintoaccount,raceandethnicbackground.TheUniversityofTexassaid,"40
5、percentofthepopulationofTexasismadeupofAfricanAmericansandMexicanAmericans.It'simportantthatwe,asalawschool,haveadiversestudentbody.Andsowearegoingtotakeintoaccount,notonlygradesandtestscores,butalsothedemographicmakeupofourclassincluding,itsraceandethnicprofile."Theresult,andthisiswhatHopwoodcom
6、plainedabout,theresultofthatpolicy,isthatsomeapplicantstotheUniversityofTexasLawSchool,withaloweracademicindex,whichincludesgradesandtestscores,thanhers,wereadmitted.Andshewasturneddown.Shesaid,sheargued,"I'mjustbeingturneddownbecauseI'mwhite.IfIweren't,ifIwereamemberofaminoritygroup,withmygrades
7、andtestscoresIwouldJustice09ArguingAffirmativeAction/What'sthePurpose?1hadbeenadmitted."Andthestatistics,theadmissionsstatisticsthatcameoutinthetrial,confirmedthatAfricanAmericanandMexicanAmericanapplicantsthatyear,who
