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ID:36619732
大小:1.52 MB
页数:25页
时间:2019-05-09
《cal errors put infants at risk for chronic hepatitis B virus :卡尔错误把婴儿在慢性乙型肝炎病毒的风险》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、MedicalerrorsputinfantsatriskforchronichepatitisBvirusinfection–sixcasereportsDebraBlog,MD,MPH,ElizabethHerlihy,RN,BSN,MS,ConsequencesofHBVInfectioninInfantsandYoungChildren~90%ofinfantsand30%ofchildren<5yrswhoacquireHBVinfectionbecomechronicallyinfectedWithoutimmu
2、noprophylaxis,~40%ofinfantsofHepatitisBSurfaceAntigen(HBsAg)positivemothersdevelopchronicHBVinfection~25%ofthosewithchronicinfectiondieprematurelyoflivercancerorcirrhosisChronicLiverDiseaseCausedbyHBVInfectionModesofHBVTransmissioninEarlyChildhoodVerticaltransmissi
3、onfrommothertoinfantHorizontaltransmissionfrominfectedhouseholdcontacttochildBothmodesoftransmissioncanbepreventedbyvaccinationofnewbornsVaccineEfficacyinPreventingVerticalHBVTransmissionImmunoprophylaxisincludes:HepatitisBvaccine&HepatitisBImmuneGlobulin(HBIG)withi
4、n12hoursofbirthThisis85%-95%effectiveinpreventingverticalHBVtransmission;hepatitisBvaccinealoneatbirthpreventstransmissionin70-95%ofinfants!VaccineEfficacyinPreventingHorizontalHBVTransmissionBeforeimplementationofperinatalhepatitisBpreventionprograms,studiesshow:61%
5、-66%ofchildrenwithchronicHBVinfectionwereborntoHBsAg-negativemothersChildrenlikelywereinfectedbyhouseholdcontacts**BirthdoseofhepatitisBvaccinewillpreventtheseearlychildhoodinfections!!FurtherBenefitsofHepatitisBBirthDoseEnsuresthatinfantsborntomotherswithunknownHBs
6、AgstatusatdeliveryreceivetimelyprophylaxisAnopportunitytoimmunizeduringoneofthefewdependablemedicalencounters(atdeliveryinahospital)Placestheimportanceofimmunizationasanearlyandvisiblepriorityforparents–studiesshowgreaterchancethathepatitisBseriesandoverallimmunizati
7、onserieswillbecompletedontimeHepatitisBistheonlyvaccinethatisreliablyimmunogenicinthenewbornperiod!NYSPerinatalHepatitisBPublicHealthLawIt’sthelawinNYS!In1989,NewYorkStatepassedaPublicHealthLaw2500-emandatingmaternalHBsAgtesting,reportingofresults,andtreatmentofinfa
8、ntsborntoHBsAg-positivewomenHospitalrecordreview:ThecornerstoneofqualityassuranceforperinatalhepatitisBpreventioninNYSDeliveryhospi
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