the story of us字幕(我们的故事第1集--反抗者)

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[02:31.77]美国:我们的故事[02:36.37][02:43.50]第一集反抗者[02:48.28][02:45.91]满载着商人与信徒的船只Shiploadsofbusinessmenandtruebelievers[02:48.72]正在横渡大西洋以期建立一个新世界arecrossingtheAtlanticOceantocreateanewworld.[02:53.93][02:55.78]1610年5月May1610.[02:57.84]在哥伦布发现新大陆的120年后120yearsafterColumbus,[03:01.07]这仍是一段危险的旅程it'sstillaperilousjourney.[03:02.97][03:04.70]其中的一艘"解放号"上Oneship,TheDeliverance,[03:06.75]载着一样即将永久改变美国的货物carriesacargothatwillchangeAmericaforever.[03:09.69][03:10.77]都来帮忙啊Allhandsoverhere.[03:12.28]船上是24岁的英国农民约翰·罗尔夫OnboardisJohnRolfe,a24-year-oldEnglishfarmer.[03:17.68][03:18.19]他有野心有自信有远见Ambitious,self-reliant,visionary.[03:21.26][03:21.27]是位天生的企业家Abornentrepreneur.[03:23.55][03:23.73]这段在今天乘飞机只需六个小时的旅程Whattakesussixhourstodaybyplane[03:26.51]在当时却需要至少两个月wasthenavoyageofmorethantwomonths.[03:29.42][03:31.19]早期冒险者中十个中有七个Sevenoftheearlyadventurersoutofeveryten[03:34.02][03:34.03]活不过第一年willbedeadwithinayear.[03:36.09][03:36.23]喂看见陆地了Landahoy![03:37.57][03:38.52]但是冒险是值得的Buttherisksareworthit.[03:40.41][03:42.24]北美大陆是终极机遇之地NorthAmericaistheultimatelandofopportunity.[03:45.51][03:57.10]一块拥有大量待开发资源的大陆Acontinentofvastuntappedwealth.[04:00.22][04:01.41]首先是所有资源中最有价值的...Startingwiththemostvaluableresourceofall...[04:04.21][04:05.73]土地land.[04:07.22][04:11.81]这块后来成为三亿多人家园的土地Whatwillbehometomorethan300millionpeople [04:15.14][04:15.15]有几乎一半的面积被成片的森林覆盖着liesunderablanketofforestcoveringnearlyhalftheland.[04:19.73][04:20.09]共有超过五百亿棵树Morethan50billiontrees.[04:22.79][04:28.28]再往西就是九百万平方英里的美洲荒原Furtherwest,9millionsquaremilesofvastAmericanwilderness.[04:33.48][04:34.64]六千万只美洲野牛在平原上狂奔60millionbisonroamtheplains.[04:37.57][04:47.20]在地下据说有钻石白银...Andunderground,therearerumorsofgems,silver...[04:52.42][04:54.24]和世界上最大的黄金矿层andthelargestseamsofgoldintheworld.[04:57.33]黄金国西班牙人理想中南美洲的宝藏[05:01.29][04:57.33]移民们预期黄金储量不亚于理想中的黄金国ThesettlersexpectnothinglessthanElDorado.[05:01.29][05:16.43]但罗尔夫在英国殖民地詹姆斯敦看到的...ButwhatRolfefindsattheEnglishsettlementofJamestown...[05:19.98][05:20.40]是人间地狱ishellonEarth.[05:22.49][05:25.88]在罗尔夫之前已有五百多名移民先期到达Morethan500settlersmadethejourneybeforeRolfe.[05:29.50][05:29.63]有人吗Hello?[05:31.00][05:32.67]有人吗Hello?[05:33.29]只有六十人活了下来Barely60remain.[05:35.33][05:36.87]当时正是"饥荒时期"It'scalled"TheStarvingTime".[05:40.56][05:42.64]在吃完了马和其它动物之后Havingfedonhorsesandotheranimals,[05:46.22]我们吃掉了靴子鞋子weateboots,shoes,[05:48.88]和其它任何能找到的皮革andanyotherleatherwecameacross.[05:51.53]谁来救救我啊Somebody,help![05:52.86]就在罗尔夫到达三个月前ThreemonthsbeforeRolfearrives,[05:54.80]有人因杀害自己怀孕的妻子并企图吃尸体amanisburnedatthestakeforkillinghispregnantwife[05:58.15]而被处以火刑andplanningtoeather.[06:00.01][06:04.45]这些英国人毫无准备地来到了这个新世界TheEnglisharriveunpreparedforthis newworld[06:08.13]并且不愿从事体力劳动andunwillingtoperformmanuallabor.[06:11.03][06:12.17]他们带来的不是牲畜Insteadoflivestock,[06:13.38]而是检测黄金的化学试剂they'vebroughtchemicaltestsforgold...[06:16.81]但他们从未找到任何黄金thattheyneverfind.[06:18.70][06:21.64]并且这里也不是他们的地盘Andthisisnottheirland.[06:24.65][06:27.81]詹姆斯敦建在一个北美原住民部落领地中间TheybuildJamestowninthemiddleofaNativeAmericanempire.[06:31.72][06:33.28]60名食不果腹的移民被2万个波瓦坦族人包围60starvingsettlersamong20,000ofthePowhatanNation,[06:38.38]这些原住民的弓箭armedwithbowsandarrows[06:40.31]要比需要重新装子弹的英国滑膛枪thatareuptoninetimesfastertoreloadandfire[06:43.93]快9倍thananEnglishmusket.[06:44.92][06:47.72]双方很快就成了敌人They'resoonenemies.[06:50.24][06:52.58]最初的移民中只有一成活了下来Onlyoneintenoftheoriginalsettlersisleft.[06:56.26][06:59.80]约翰·罗尔夫没有像其他人一样JohnRolfedidn'tcometoplunderandleave[07:02.35]劫掠之后扬长而去liketheothers.[07:03.81][07:05.42]他有自己的计划He'sgothisownplan.[07:07.33][07:09.59]烟草的利润很高并且在英国国内很有市场There'smoneyintobacco,andEnglandisaddicted.[07:13.60][07:17.56]他带来了一批南美烟草的种子He'sarrivedwithasupplyofSouthAmericantobaccoseeds,[07:20.98]但当时只有西班牙殖民地出产这种作物butgrowingitislimitedtotheSpanishcolonies.[07:24.72][07:26.72]西班牙人因此控制了烟草国际贸易TheSpanishcontroltheworldwidetrade.[07:29.81][07:31.79]在当时向外国人出售烟草种子会被处以死刑Sellingtobaccoseedstoforeignersispunishablebydeath.[07:35.92][07:37.47]但约翰·罗尔夫还是想办法弄到了一些ButJohnRolfehasgothishandsonsome.[07:40.20]没人知道他是怎么做到的Nooneknowshow.[07:42.10][07:43.17]在切萨皮克湾的暖湿气候Andinthewarm,humidclimate [07:44.98]和肥沃土地的滋养下andfertilesoilaroundtheChesapeakeBay,[07:47.25][07:48.20]罗尔夫的烟草长势喜人Rolfe'stobaccocropflourishes.[07:50.99][07:52.11]这些烟草种子带来的首次大丰收Thefirstlargeharvestproducedbytheseseeds[07:55.19]即使放在今天价值也超过一百万美元isworthmorethanamilliondollarsintoday'smoney.[07:58.50][07:58.65]美国前进的伟大动力就是我们的人民ThegreatstrengthofAmericaisourpeople.[08:02.02]如果你想知道如何定义美国前进的动力IfyouwannaknowwhatitisthedefiningstrengthofAmerica,[08:04.25][08:02.18]科林·L·鲍威尔将军[前美国国务卿][08:06.18][08:04.25]答案就是我们的人民我们的移民传统itisourpeople,ourimmigranttradition,[08:08.01]我们兼容并蓄的文化ourbringinginculturesfromallovertheworld.[08:11.60]我知道成功是怎么回事Iknowwhatgoesintomakingsuccess.[08:14.22]真正的成功很少是运气的因素Andwhensomebody'sreallysuccessful,it'srarelyluck.[08:18.86][08:14.50]唐纳德·J·特朗普[美国地产大亨][08:19.50][08:18.86]而是天分智力还有许多其它的因素It'stalent,it'sbrainpower,it'slotsofotherthings.[08:23.30][08:23.83]罗尔夫娶了波瓦坦部落联盟首领的女儿RolfemarriesthedaughterofthekingofthePowhatanEmpire.[08:27.70][08:29.73]她的名字已成为传奇波卡洪塔斯Hernamebecomeslegend:Pocahontas.[08:33.88][08:34.89]罗尔夫使她在英国家喻户晓InEngland,Rolfemakesheracelebrity[08:37.04]她的肖像被当做新世界生活的广告whenherfaceisputonaportraitthatsellsalloverLondon,[08:40.38]在整个伦敦热卖advertisinglifeintheNewWorld.[08:42.96][08:46.03]莎士比亚在作品中提起过殖民地Shakespearementionsthecolony.[08:48.05][08:48.06]英国的有钱人都往这里投资England'srichinvestmoneyhere.[08:50.39]所有的伦敦人都知道这片富饶的土地AllofLondonknowsaboutthislandofplenty.[08:54.09][08:58.68]在两年内烟草进入了千家万户的菜园Withintwoyears,tobaccogrowsineverygarden.[09:02.67][09:04.30]詹姆斯敦由人间地狱变成了美国第一座兴旺之城Fromalivinghell,Jamestownis America'sfirstboomtown.[09:09.47][09:13.66]两年后又有近一千名移民来到了这里Twoyearslater,nearly1,000moresettlersarrive,[09:17.25]其中的19人来自非洲西部including19fromWestAfrica.[09:20.18][09:21.32]奴隶Slaves.[09:22.47][09:24.87]但其中一些人后来在弗吉尼亚有了自己的土地ButsomegoontoowntheirownlandinVirginia.[09:28.22][09:33.37]在詹姆斯敦建立12年后12yearsafterthefoundingofJamestown,[09:36.49][09:33.80]小亨利·路易斯·盖茨[哈佛大学非洲和非裔美国人研究所所长][09:38.80][09:36.49]黑人在殖民地的形成过程中起到了重要作用Africanswereplayingashapingroleinthecreationofthecolonies.[09:42.56]这一点非常惊人That'sprettyincredible.[09:44.38][09:45.47]30年后弗吉尼亚的移民超过了两万人30yearslater,thereareover20,000settlersinVirginia.[09:49.91][09:51.75]可以说没有烟草就没有美国Americaisfoundedontobacco.[09:54.80][09:55.14]在接下来的一个半世纪里Forthenextcenturyandahalf,[09:56.99][09:57.00]它一直是这块大陆最主要的出口产品it'sthecontinent'slargestexport.[09:59.36][10:11.41]在罗尔夫抵达詹姆斯敦的十年后TenyearsafterRolfearrivesinJamestown,[10:14.92]又有一批英国移民登上了北美大陆anothergroupofEnglishsettlerslandsinNorthAmerica.[10:18.38][10:25.94]他们在一处荒凉的海滩靠岸Theycomeashoreonadesertedbeach[10:28.94]这里距詹姆斯敦的海岸有450英里450milesupthecoastfromJamestown,[10:32.18]他们把此地命名为"普利茅斯"andcalltheplacePlymouth1,[10:34.62]以纪念他们起航的英国港口aftertheEnglishporttheysailedfrom.[10:37.61][10:39.29]他们是移民大潮里的另一朵浪花Theseareadifferentbreedofsettler,[10:42.14]一群信仰不同但都热爱生活的人agroupofreligiousdissidentswithfaithatthecenteroftheirlives.[10:46.65][10:49.57]他们成功横渡了危险的大西洋TheymadethedangerousAtlanticcrossing,[10:51.85]希望能在新世界找到信仰自由seekingreligiousfreedomintheNewWorld.[10:54.82] [10:58.90]24岁的印刷学徒爱德华·温斯洛24-year-oldapprenticeprinterEdwardWinslow[11:02.96]是和一群清教徒一起arriveswithagroupofreligioussectarians[11:06.70]乘坐"五月花号"来到这里的onaboatcalledtheMayflower.[11:09.65][11:11.64]1621年4月他们的殖民地逐渐成型ByApril1621,theirsettlementistakingshape.[11:16.43][11:16.57]"五月花号"返航英国TheMayflowerreturnstoEngland.[11:19.96][11:25.18]他们只能在这片陌生的土地上自力更生了ThePilgrimsareontheirowninanunknownland.[11:29.60][11:30.75]我们充满希望与热情地Agreathopeandinwardzealwehad[11:34.14]在这块遥远的土地上oflayingsomegreatfoundation[11:36.45]为子孙后代的繁衍生息forthepropagatingandadvancing[11:38.48]和天国福音的传播thegospelofthekingdomofChrist,[11:40.28][11:40.38]奠定坚实的基础inthoseremotepartsoftheworld.[11:43.13][11:44.41]十九个家庭They're19families.[11:46.52]饲养着山羊鸡猪狗Goats,chickens,pigsanddogs.[11:50.07][11:50.08]他们还有手纺车椅子书籍和枪支Theyhavespinningwheels,chairs,books,guns.[11:55.20][11:56.97]而且没有回头路Andnowayhome.[11:58.88][11:59.08]只要把这个地方描绘成机遇之地Ifyoucreatethisenvironmentasalandofopportunity,[12:02.85][12:02.74]迈克尔·道格拉斯[著名演员][12:07.74][12:02.85]就能吸引到那些thenyou'regonnaattractthosetypeofpeople[12:07.35][12:07.36]愿意冒险愿意赌一回的人whowannatakethatrisk,whohave--wannatakethatgamble[12:12.20]和那些坚信生活会更好的人andwhobelieveinabetterlife.[12:16.01][12:17.22]他们的目的地原本是哈德逊河口TheywereheadingfortheHudsonRiver,[12:19.71]然而靠岸地点却向北偏了200英里butthey'velanded200milesfurthernorth[12:23.33]时间正是初冬atthebeginningofwinter.[12:25.36][12:27.71]当时正值一个小型冰期Theyhavearrivedinthemiddleofaminiiceage,[12:30.68]气温普遍比现在低2度temperatures2degreescolderthantoday. [12:33.92][12:37.00]冬天更长适合作物生长的时间更短Wintersarelonger,growingseasonsshorter.[12:40.71][12:48.01]土地贫瘠Thesoilispoor.[12:49.94][12:50.23]颗粒无收Littlegrows.[12:51.94][12:52.42]食物严重短缺Foodsuppliesrunlow.[12:54.60][12:57.58]在前三个月中超过一半的清教徒死于饥荒Inthefirstthreemonths,morethanhalfthePilgrimsdie.[13:01.14][13:04.93]威廉·布莱福特是一位社区总督WilliamBradfordisthegovernorofacommunity[13:07.93]他所辖的社区很快陷入了困境soonindesperatetrouble.[13:09.77][13:10.58]上帝似乎喜欢每天以死亡问候我们ItpleasedGodtovisituswithdeathdaily.[13:14.77][13:14.99]疾病蔓延Diseasewaseverywhere.[13:17.41][13:17.69]活着的人几乎没有力气埋葬死人Thelivingwerescarcelyabletoburythedead.[13:21.29][13:21.76]有时一天就有两三个人去世Theydiedsometimestwoorthreeaday.[13:24.99][13:25.44]在这一百多人中只有不到五十人幸存下来Of100andoddpersons,scarce50remained.[13:30.49][13:32.26]有时只有六个人能有足够的力气Attimes,onlysixarefitenough[13:36.22]继续盖房子tocontinuebuildingtheirshelters.[13:37.45][13:40.11]苏珊娜·怀特的丈夫死于第一年冬天SusannaWhite'shusbanddiesthatfirstwinter.[13:43.28][13:46.15]爱德华·温斯洛的妻子也在一个月后去世EdwardWinslow'swifeperishesamonthafter.[13:49.61][13:51.46]几个星期后怀特和温斯洛结婚了Withinweeks,WhiteandWinslowmarry.[13:54.55][13:55.78]他们后来有了五个孩子They'llhavefivechildren.[13:57.59][13:59.61]在今天超过10%的美国人Todaymorethan10%ofallAmericans[14:03.11]家谱可以追溯到"五月花号"上cantracetheirancestrybacktotheMayflower.[14:06.06][14:16.58]普利茅斯一度成为了他们所寻求的避难所Foratime,Plymouthprovidesthesanctuarytheysought.[14:20.56] [14:20.83]爱德华Edward![14:22.80][14:23.07]爱德华Edward![14:24.96][14:25.42]爱德华快去看看那边Edward,pleasegoandlookoverthere![14:28.54][14:29.61]但和詹姆斯敦一样他们也不是这里的主人ButlikeJamestown,therewereothersherefirst.[14:33.69][14:44.37]1621年4月April1621.[14:47.15][14:47.36]清教徒们来到新世界已经五个月了ThePilgrimshavebeenintheNewWorldforfivemonths.[14:50.51][14:50.55]只有一半的人挺过了第一年冬天Barelyhalfsurvivethefirstwinter.[14:53.47][14:54.55]但他们不是第一批来到这片海岸的欧洲人Butthey'renotthefirstEuropeanstoarriveonthiscoast.[14:58.46][15:00.12]五年前欧洲轮船带来了白人移民和瘟疫Fiveyearsbefore,Europeanshipsbroughtlight-skinnedpeopleandplague.[15:06.21][15:06.37]几乎九成的原住民因此丧生Almostnineoutoftenofthelocalpeoplearewipedout.[15:10.20][15:19.28]波卡诺基特人不需要敌人ThePokanoketpeopledon'tneedenemies.[15:22.42]他们和清教徒和平共处TheymakepeacewiththePilgrims.[15:24.74][15:25.73]他们教会了英国人TheyteachtheEnglish[15:27.33]如何用鱼做肥料在沙土中种庄稼howtogrowcropsinsandysoil,usingfishforfertilizer.[15:31.33][15:34.99]但他们想要回报Buttheywantsomethinginreturn.[15:37.27][15:38.60]他们有一个宿敌另一个敌对部落Theyhaveacommonenemy--arivaltribe.[15:42.43][15:42.55]而英国人拥有强大的武器AndtheEnglishhavepowerfulweapons.[15:45.74][15:52.87]清教徒们并不是军人ThePilgrimsaren'tsoldiers.[15:54.89]但在这个新世界ButintheNewWorld,[15:56.44]他们不得不为了生存而战theyhavetofighttosurvive.[15:58.34][16:02.73]1621年8月14日OnAugust14,1621,[16:05.50]清教徒和波卡诺基特人准备联手PilgrimsandPokanoket,shouldertoshoulder,[16:08.98] [16:08.99]发动一次突袭willlaunchasurpriseattack[16:11.45]这次突袭将决定他们在这片土地的未来thatwillsealtheirfutureinthisnewland.[16:14.52][16:14.54]这次一共出动了14名男子Itwasresolvedtosend14men,[16:17.48]装备精良well-armed,[16:18.98]准备在深夜一举擒下这个部落andtofallupontheminthenight.[16:21.14][16:21.93]首领下了命令不要放过任何一个Thecaptaingavecharge:Letnonepassout.[16:26.50][16:50.71]对方部落猝不及防Therivaltribedoesn'tknowwhathitthem.[16:53.88][16:55.95]被团团包围Surrounded,[16:57.48]对英国枪火毫无还手之力theyhavenoanswerforEnglishfirepower.[16:59.98][17:01.37]波卡诺基特人和清教徒们PokanoketandPilgrims[17:03.20]找到了彼此之间的共同点findcommonground...[17:04.54][17:05.23]也发现了共同生存的机会andachancetosurvive.[17:07.32][17:14.14]意想不到的同盟结成了Twounlikelyallies.[17:16.72]这种同盟关系在北美极为罕见ApartnershipalltoorareinNorthAmerica.[17:20.69][17:22.67]我们发现印第安人WehavefoundtheIndians[17:24.62]非常遵守与我们达成的和平公约veryfaithfulintheircovenantofpeacewithus.[17:28.03][17:28.11]他们没有任何宗教信仰Theyarepeoplewithoutanyreligion[17:30.39]不知神灵为何物orknowledgeofanyGod,[17:32.29]却非常值得信赖yetverytrusty,[17:34.82]反应很快quickofapprehension,[17:37.58][17:37.59]机智无比而且有极强的正义感ripe-witted...andjust.[17:40.34][17:41.78]他们的胜利给殖民地带来了Theirvictorybrings[17:43.72][17:43.73]很长一段时间的和平aperiodofpeacetothecolony.[17:45.18][17:45.23]他们以一场盛宴来庆祝彼此的友谊Theirfriendshipiscelebratedinafeast.[17:48.42][17:48.51]那就是感恩节的由来Intime,itwillbecomeknownasThanksgiving.[17:52.23][17:53.16]开拓美洲的目的之一OneofthemainthemesinthefoundingofAmerica[17:56.53][17:53.63]鲁道夫·W·朱利安尼[前纽约市市长][18:02.80] [17:56.53]是为了找一个可以扩大生意wasaplacetodobusiness,[18:00.71]扩展视野的地方aplacetoexpandyourhorizons,[18:02.80]一个可以过你自己愿意过的生活aplacetolivealifeofyourown,[18:05.01]信仰自己愿意信仰的宗教的地方practiceyourownreligion.[18:06.95]这些基本理念Thosearethebasicthemes[18:09.07]使得许多人飘洋过海来开拓殖民地thatbroughtpeopletotheseshorestocolonize.[18:12.79][18:18.82]这是一个繁荣时代的开端It'sthestartofaperiodofprosperity,[18:22.02]将完全改变北美thatwilltransformNorthAmerica.[18:24.23][18:27.50]从詹姆斯敦和普利茅斯开始FromJamestownandPlymouth,[18:29.74]殖民者的后代遍布整个大陆theirdescendantsgrowacrossthelandscape.[18:32.55][18:37.06]越来越多的人越过大西洋AsmoreandmorepeoplecrosstheAtlantic--[18:40.08]成千上万thousands,tensofthousands,[18:43.04]不同背景的人带着不同的理由来到这里peoplewithdifferentbackgrounds,differentreasonsforbeinghere...[18:47.80][18:51.58]美利坚成为了全世界的人都渴望到达的地方Americabecomestheplaceforeverybodyfromeverywhere.[18:55.34][18:58.16]大家孤注一掷Rollingthedice,[18:59.74]汇聚到一起形成了最初的13个殖民地comingtogethertocreate13colonies.[19:03.11][19:03.72]农业从詹姆斯敦传播到了南方FromJamestown,agriculturespreadsacrosstheSouth,[19:07.94]以前脏乱的小农庄也变成了大的种植园农场dirtfarmstransformintosprawlingplantations.[19:12.01][19:12.88]爱尔兰人德国人和瑞典人不断向前推进Irish,Germans,andSwedespushbackthefrontier.[19:17.33][19:19.40]荷兰人将他们的生意带到了TheDutchbringcommerceto[19:20.77]哈德逊河口处的一个小岛上asmallislandatthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.[19:23.62][19:25.74]后来这里被命名为纽约Intime,itwillbenamedNewYork.[19:28.99][19:30.34]比起留在欧洲的同胞Thecolonistsare2inchestaller,[19:32.56]移民们平均要高2英寸也更加健康andfarhealthier,thanthosetheyleftbehindinEurope.[19:36.24][19:36.52]平均每个清教徒家庭养了8个小孩ThePuritansaverageeightchildren,[19:39.86]孩子活到成年的比例是欧洲同胞的两倍andtheyaretwiceaslikelytosurvivetoadulthood. [19:43.13][19:44.14]比欧洲同胞更富有20%Theyare20%richer[19:46.15]赋税只相当于英国本土的1/4andpayonly1/4ofthetaxesofthoseinEngland.[19:49.70][19:49.83]许多人仍然认为自己是英国人ManystillthinkofthemselvesasBritish,[19:52.93]但是随着一代一代的成长buteachgenerationgrows[19:54.89]这种意识越来越淡薄furtherfromitsroots.[19:56.24][19:57.77]这一现象在波士顿尤为突出NowheremoresothanBoston.[20:00.35][20:01.37]1768年5月9日May9,1768.[20:04.37][20:04.47]到了约翰·罗尔夫首次烟草收成以来的第七代SevengenerationsafterJohnRolfe'sfirsttobaccoharvest,[20:08.27]英国人想要分更大的一杯羹theBritishwantabiggerpieceoftheaction.[20:11.72][20:17.26]英国海关官员发动了对"自由号"的突袭ABritishcustomsofficialspringsasurpriseraidonTheLiberty,[20:21.47]它是约翰·汉考克的船ashipbelongingtoJohnHancock,[20:24.37]他是波士顿最富有的人之一oneoftherichestmeninBoston.[20:26.20][20:28.73]但汉考克的船员另有企图ButHancock'screwhasotherideas.[20:31.64][20:38.70]他们偷运了100桶进口酒不想交税They'recarrying100casksofimportedwineanddon'twanttopayduty.[20:44.05][20:46.22]对于远在3000英里以外的国王It'saradicalactofrebellion[20:48.43]此举不啻于公然的抗税againsttaxesimposedbyaking3,000milesaway.[20:53.04][20:55.00]对于英国当局来说他们就是走私TotheBritish,they'rejustcommonsmugglers.[20:58.56][20:59.84]这场贸易前哨战改变了一切Thismallskirmishchangeseverything.[21:02.74][21:02.75]英国当局扣押了汉考克的船TheBritishseizeHancock'sship,[21:04.95]此举引发了整个波士顿的骚乱triggeringriotsthatsweepthroughBoston.[21:07.87][21:08.12]我们不想缴税给国王Wedidn'twannapaytaxestoaking[21:10.88]不想缴税给一个我们没有发言权andtoaparliamentwherewedidn'thaveavoice,[21:13.68][21:10.98]阿伦·索尔金[剧作家][21:14.88][21:13.68]也没有任何议员代表我们的议会andwedidn'thaveanyrepresentation.[21:15.54] [21:16.18]我们美国人天生就对政府有种怨恨Wehaveanaturalresentmenttowardgovernment,[21:18.75]也正因此我们才得以独立whichwashowwewereborn.[21:22.35][21:24.41]英国国王派了4000名士兵到波士顿去执法Thekingsends4,000redcoatstoBostontoenforcehislaws.[21:29.64][21:30.64]波士顿是贸易之城文化之城Bostonwasacityofcommerce,culture,[21:34.68]文明之城也是革命之城civilization,andrevolution,[21:36.70]小亨利·路易斯·盖茨[哈佛大学非洲和非裔美国人研究所所长][21:41.45][21:36.70]就是在殖民者到来之后英国人到来后unfoldingrightbeforetheeyesofthecolonists[21:39.45]发展起来的andtheeyesoftheBritish.[21:41.54][21:49.73]1768年10月October1768.[21:52.24][21:52.42]英国士兵紧紧钳制着波士顿BritishsoldiersclampdownonBoston,[21:55.47]它是通往大英帝国的关键港口aportcrucialtotheBritishEmpire...[21:58.28][21:59.34]也是全球商业贸易的枢纽andahubofglobaltradeandcommerce.[22:02.39][22:07.92]它的造船厂是世界最繁忙的船厂之一Itsdockyardsaresomeofthebusiestintheworld,[22:11.13]利用美国海量的木材储备年产200艘船producing200shipsayearfromAmerica'svasttimberreserves.[22:16.58][22:18.77]英国1/3的船都是在殖民地建造的1/3ofallBritishshippingisbuiltinthecolonies.[22:22.79][22:25.60]木材供给支持着全球经济的发展Timberfuelstheglobaleconomy...[22:28.20][22:29.74]就像当今的石油一样muchlikeoildoestoday.[22:31.97][22:38.23]整个新英格兰境内AcrossNewEngland,[22:40.12]最高最粗壮的树都被做上了记号marksidentifythetallest,strongesttrees[22:42.51]他们将被用来建造英国船只selectedbythecrownforBritishships.[22:45.32][22:47.12]英国的大部分森林已不复存在Englandhaslostmostofitsforests.[22:49.98][22:50.22]所以把目光投向了美国的森林ItwantsAmericanwood.[22:52.25][22:56.95]在波士顿每四个市民就有一名英国士兵InBoston,there'soneredcoatforeveryfourcitizens.[23:01.18] [23:02.14]整个城市完全被控制了It'sacityunderoccupation.[23:04.64][23:07.12]保罗·里维尔是一名银匠PaulRevereisasilversmith[23:10.07]也是波士顿知名大商人之一andoneofBoston'sprominentbusinessmen...[23:12.04][23:12.51]一点都不像危险分子anunlikelysubversive.[23:14.81]傲慢的英国兵浩浩荡荡地进城Theyformedandmarchedwithinsolentparade,[23:17.93][23:18.82]军乐阵阵旗帜飞扬drumsbeating,fifesplaying,andcolorsflying,[23:23.01]每名士兵都配发了16发弹药eachsoldierhavingreceived16roundsofpowderandball.[23:27.30][23:27.49]他是典型的中上层阶级Heisanupper-middle-classfigure,[23:30.67]全靠自身努力奋斗得到现有的一切someonewhohasrisenthroughhisownefforts,hisowntalent.[23:34.20][23:34.21]他代表了这样一群人Herepresentswhatwehavecreatedonourown[23:37.62][23:35.67]理查德·诺顿·史密斯[乔治梅森大学历史学家][23:37.67][23:37.62]几乎不靠英国亲友帮忙白手起家withverylittlehelpfromourcousinsacrosstheAtlantic.[23:42.14][23:42.31]但是当北美革命一触即发时ButwhenrevolutioncomestoNorthAmerica...[23:45.03][23:47.44]里维尔将身处革命的最前沿Reverewillbeatthecenterofit.[23:50.39][24:57.08]包括波士顿在内的13个殖民地Bostonandthe13colonies[24:59.40]可以说是英国经济发展的发电站areaneconomicpowerhouse,[25:01.55]对英国来说至关重要criticaltoBritain.[25:02.94][25:07.36]英国出口的物品将近40%都来到了美国Nearly40%ofeverythingexportedfromBritain,makesitswaytoAmerica.[25:12.33][25:15.58]捕鱼船队将成千上万吨的腌鳕鱼运往加勒比海ThefishingfleetshipsthousandsoftonsofsaltedcodtotheCaribbean.[25:20.15][25:22.96]又将糖和糖蜜运往英国Returnswithsugarandmolasses...[25:25.51][25:25.68]那些都是制作朗姆酒的原料rawmaterialforrum.[25:27.89][25:28.96]每一项进出口贸易都要向英国交税TaxedbytheBritishaftereveryexchange.[25:32.38][25:35.73]在非洲朗姆酒被当作货币InAfrica,rumisthecurrencyused [25:38.06]可以用来购买最赚钱的货topurchasethemostprofitablecargoofall...[25:41.23][25:45.82]非洲黑奴Africanslaves.[25:47.87][25:49.41]在1700年到1800年间Between1700and1800,[25:52.39]超过25万的非洲人被运往美国殖民地morethan1/4ofamillionAfricansarebroughttotheAmericancolonies.[25:57.03][25:57.28]大都是被强迫做了奴隶而非自愿前去Moreslavesthanallthosewhocameoftheirownfreewill.[26:01.24][26:05.15]大部分人被送往南方大种植园MostwinduponlargeplantationsintheSouth.[26:08.69][26:08.80]不过黑人对美国北方经济发展也至关重要Butthey'realsocriticaltotheeconomyoftheNorth.[26:11.99][26:12.10]波士顿10%的人口是黑人10%ofBoston'spopulationisblack.[26:15.82][26:16.54]波士顿就像一个大熔炉气氛越发紧张Bostonisameltingpot,andtensionisbuilding.[26:20.53][26:21.41]没有人喜欢自己家里有侵略者Nobodylikesinvadersintheirhomes.[26:23.68]安妮特·戈登·里德[罗格斯大学历史学教授][26:30.78][26:23.68]让外国人来到这片土地Tohavepeoplehere,foreignersonyoursoil,[26:27.57]某种程度上反而激励了人们去战斗issomething--isagreatincentiveforpeopletofight.[26:30.78][26:32.24]1770年3月5日March5,1770.[26:34.60][26:35.49]持续三天的动乱后Afterthreedaysofunrest,[26:37.68]一群暴民游荡在大街小巷中anangrymobroamsthestreets.[26:40.31]成百上千的人没了工作Hundredsofmenwholosttheirjobs[26:42.16]他们聚集到国王街咒骂英国当局andblametheBritishgatheronKingStreet[26:46.09][26:46.79]和八个被下令不准开枪的英国士兵对峙andfaceoffagainsteightredcoatswithordersnottofire.[26:51.55][26:53.07]接下来发生的事情彻底改写了美国历史What'sabouttohappenwillchangeAmericaforever.[26:57.46][26:58.78]17岁的制假发学徒A17-year-oldwigmaker'sapprentice,[27:01.02]爱德华·加里克点燃了导火线EdwardGarrick,lightsthefuse.[27:04.47] [27:09.18]战斗是这样开始的Thisishowwarsstart.[27:11.95][27:20.49]兄弟们上Comeon,let'shaveit![27:22.91][27:26.09]士兵休·蒙哥马利被打了一棒PrivateHughMontgomeryishitwithaclub.[27:29.11][28:04.48]非裔美国人克里斯珀斯·阿塔克斯AnAfrican-American,CrispusAttucks,[28:08.12]当场死亡diesinstantly.[28:08.81][28:12.58]大家跑啊Everybody,run![28:14.36][28:31.13]硝烟散尽时又死了四个人Whenthesmokeclears,fourmorearedead.[28:34.74][28:37.91]波士顿如何回应将改变历史的发展进程HowBostonreactswillchangethecourseofhistory.[28:41.84][28:45.69]既是银匠Silversmith[28:46.20]又是政治激进分子的保罗·里维尔andpoliticalradicalPaulRevere[28:48.76]雕出了英国士兵在波士顿街头capturesthemomentBritishsoldierskillfivecolonists[28:50.54]杀死五个殖民地人的画面inthestreetsofBoston.[28:53.76][28:55.28]他的雕刻将加速革命的爆发Hisengravingwillfuelthefiresofrevolution[28:58.88]愤怒之火迅速在13个殖民地之间蔓延开来asoutragespreadsacrossthe13colonies.[29:02.98][29:04.11]波城愤怒子民叹UnhappyBostonseethysonsdeplore,[29:08.73]圣街竟遭血污玷thyhallowedwalksbesmearedwithguiltlessgore,[29:12.19]贼子帮凶多残忍whilstfaithlessPrestonandhissavagebands,[29:15.98]恶爪锋利乱伤人withmurderousrancor,stretchtheirbloodyhands.[29:20.09][29:23.24]世界上最强大的军队Themostformidablearmyintheworld[29:25.40][29:25.41]对着一群手无寸铁的人疯狂扫射firingonanunarmedcrowd.[29:28.77]这幅震惊世人的画有个一目了然的标题Anexplosiveimagewithatitlethatsaysitall:[29:34.08]波士顿惨案"TheBloodyMassacre."[29:35.73][29:36.11]有一个古老的笑话Therewastheoldjoke,[29:37.44][29:37.45]给我一幅画我还你一场战争"Yougivemeapicture,I'llgiveyouawar."[29:39.45]那些想挑起事端表明立场Thosewhowantedtostirthingsupandtomakeastatement[29:43.80] [29:39.45]迈克尔·R·彭博[纽约市市长][29:46.03][29:43.80]甚至可能领导革命的人andmaybeevenleadarevolution,[29:46.03]通过这样能团结很多人站在他们那一边itmadethemabletorallyotherstotheirside.[29:50.08][29:51.72]消息迅速传播开了Newsspreadsfast.[29:53.72]移民们都是热心的读者Thecolonistsareavidreaders,[29:56.11]源自最初普利茅斯清教徒读圣经的传统alegacyfromthefirstBible-readingPuritansinPlymouth.[29:59.93][30:00.52]波士顿有美国的第一份周刊Bostonhasthefirstweeklynewspaper.[30:03.78][30:04.63]当时此地已经有了40多家报刊机构Therearenowmorethan40papersacrossthecolonies.[30:08.31]加上新的邮政署署长本杰明·富兰克林Andthenewpostmastergeneral,BenjaminFranklin...[30:11.98][30:12.97]已经建立起了一个革命性的邮政递送系统hasintroducedarevolutionarypostal-deliverysystem.[30:16.52][30:19.49]连夜递送可以节省一半的时间Nightriderscutthedeliverytimeinhalf.[30:22.88][30:24.73]将各个殖民地联系到一起的联系网Thecommunicationsnetworkconnectingthecolonies[30:27.72]是当时世界上最好的isoneofthebestintheworld.[30:30.00][30:30.55]英国当局对此一无所知AndtheBritishhavenoidea.[30:33.53][30:34.55]他们希望这个消息能够被压下来Theyhopethenewscanbecontained.[30:37.15][30:39.03]在消息传到英国之前BeforenewsreachesEngland,[30:40.90]绝大多数的美国人都已经知道了波士顿惨案mostofAmericaknowsabouttheBostonMassacre.[30:44.28][30:44.37]这充分体现了一种美国精神It'saveryAmericanspiritofanidea,[30:47.20][30:45.50]吉米·威尔士[维基百科创始人之一][30:50.12][30:47.20]那就是每个人都有权利去获取真相thisideathateverybodyshouldhaveaccesstoknowledge.[30:50.12]这很像那个开创性的想法It'sverymuchlikethatpioneeringidea,[30:53.31]即每一个人应该能够开创属于自己的路everybodyshouldbeabletomaketheirwayintheworld. [30:55.74][30:56.39]无论是康涅狄格的印刷工人AprinterinConnecticut[30:57.97]还是北卡罗来纳的农民canreadtheexactsamestory[31:01.07]都能读到同样的消息asafarmerinNorthCarolina.[31:02.00][31:04.76]1773年12月December1773.[31:07.29]《波士顿公报》曝出了另一件事"TheBostonGazette"breaksanotherstory,[31:09.65]这将助长叛乱的火焰thatwillfantheflamesofrebellion.[31:12.21][31:14.60]愤怒和不满的情绪日益高涨Therisingtideofangerandresentment[31:17.08]英国不得不采取行动forcesEngland'shand.[31:19.35][31:19.53]他们取消了所有的税收Theyrepealalltaxes...[31:21.90][31:23.53]不过仍保留了茶叶税exceptone,ontea.[31:26.05][31:27.69]这远远不够It'snotenough.[31:29.28][31:29.83]美国历史上最著名的反抗运动之一InoneofthemostfamousactsofresistanceinAmericanhistory,[31:33.56]反抗者将价值逾百万美元的茶叶倾入波士顿港Rebelsdumpover$1millionworthofteainBostonHarbor.[31:38.59][31:39.70]如果有人前来冒犯Whensomeonecomesalongandsmacksus,[31:42.83][31:42.70]汤姆·布罗考[原NBC新闻主播][31:44.59][31:42.83]我们不会逆来顺受wedon'tturntheothercheek.[31:45.24][31:45.86]这不是我们的性格That'snotwhoweare.[31:47.52][31:50.76]快点Moveit![31:52.13][31:52.69]英国人为此关闭了波士顿港TheBritishrespondbyshuttingdownBostonHarbor...[31:56.19][31:59.99]这个美洲最繁忙和富庶的港口之一oneofAmerica'sbusiest,wealthiestports.[32:03.98][32:12.74]走吧小伙子Comeon,lad.[32:14.11][32:15.57]数百人失业Hundredslosetheirjobs.[32:17.93][32:19.73]英国人决意要扼杀所有来自TheBritishmeantostrangleanyresistance[32:22.16]马萨诸塞州这个不服管治的殖民地的反抗fromtherebelliouscolonyofMassachusetts. [32:25.18][32:28.30]美利坚即将从此改变Americaisabouttochangeforever.[32:31.56][32:38.99]远离波士顿的地方紧张气氛也在升级TensionsescalatefarbeyondBoston.[32:42.15][32:44.82]移民们正在向西推进Settlersarepushingwest.[32:47.04][32:47.16]许多人看准了阿巴拉契亚山脉以西的新土地ManyhavetheireyessetonnewlandwestoftheAppalachians.[32:51.67][32:54.51]但出于保护印第安人领地的考虑ButtoprotectNativeAmericanlands,[32:56.86]英国禁止在公告线以西Englandhasbannedsettlements,[32:58.86]建立新的定居点alongaboundarycalledtheProclamationLine.[33:01.82][33:04.04]数以百计的人被从拓荒前线上的家中驱逐Hundredsareevictedfromtheirhomesonthefrontier.[33:07.85][33:10.33]1774年9月5日September5,1774.[33:12.97]我们要自由Wewantliberty...[33:14.90][33:15.29]由于不满英国人的殖民地新政IncensedattheBritishactions,[33:17.36]来自各个殖民地的56名代表56delegatesfromacrossthecolonies[33:19.84]齐聚费城参加了第一次大陆会议gatherattheFirstContinentalCongressinPhiladelphia.[33:23.68][33:25.37]这是走向美国民主的第一步It'sthefirststepontheroadtoAmericandemocracy.[33:29.43][33:30.28]他们中有约翰·亚当斯AmongthemareJohnAdams,[33:33.20]帕德里克·亨利PatrickHenry,[33:35.94]和来自弗吉尼亚的乡绅乔治·华盛顿andagentlemanlandownerfromVirginianamedGeorgeWashington.[33:41.46][33:42.33]当大不列颠颐指气使的主人们AtatimewhenourlordlymastersinGreatBritain[33:45.51]不彻底剥夺我们美国人的自由willbesatisfiedwithnothingless[33:47.58][33:47.59]就不愿罢休的时候thanthedeprivationofAmericanfreedom,[33:50.09]行动起来保卫自由成为当务之急itseemshighlynecessarythatsomethingshouldbedonetomaintainliberty.[33:55.94][33:59.36]整个新英格兰地区人们准备奋起自卫AcrossNewEngland,peoplepreparetodefendthemselves.[34:03.48]走私枪械被集中藏在隐蔽地点Smuggledarmsarecollectedandstashedinsecrethideaways.[34:08.03] [34:09.08]不过与许多民众期待战争的心理相反Butwhilemanyexpectconflict,[34:11.50]大多数费城会议的代表希望与英国和解mostdelegatesinPhiladelphiawantpeacewithBritain.[34:15.47][34:15.60]军事行动会造成永远无法愈合的创伤Amilitaryactionwouldmakeawoundthatwouldneverbehealed.[34:20.60][34:22.88]好了没时间了我们走That'sgood,wedon'thaveallday,let'sgo,comeon.[34:25.34]第一次大陆会议达成决议TheFirstContinentalCongressresolves[34:27.39]英国对任一北美殖民地的攻击thataBritishattackonanyonecolony[34:31.06]将被视为对全体殖民地的攻击willberegardedasanattackonallofthem.[34:33.65][34:38.72]费城会议沉浸在团结的气氛之中WhatemergesatPhiladelphiaissolidarity.[34:42.35][34:42.64]弗吉尼亚人宾夕法尼亚人ThedistinctionsbetweenVirginians,Pennsylvanians,[34:47.83]新英格兰人纽约人之间的界限将不复存在NewEnglanders,andNewYorkersarenomore.[34:52.23][34:53.84]我不是弗吉尼亚人I'mnotaVirginian.[34:55.87][34:57.46]我是美国人IamanAmerican.[34:59.18][35:00.36]13个北美殖民地的未来悬于一线Thefutureofthe13Americancolonieshangsinthebalance.[35:05.48][35:08.74]1775年春Spring1775.[35:11.49]马萨诸塞州康科德近郊NearConcord,Massachusetts.[35:12.88]进来把这些武器码起来Getinhere,getthoseweaponsstackedup.[35:14.40][35:14.41]没时间了Wehaven'tgotallday.[35:15.24]当地枪械工匠艾萨克·戴维斯LocalgunsmithIsaacDavis[35:16.97]正在对镇民兵进行基本训练putsthetownmilitiathroughbasictraining.[35:19.97][35:20.91]这些爱国者知道他们从事的是正义的事业TheAmericanpatriotsknewthattheyweredoingtherightthing.[35:23.59]威廉·博迪特[美国海军陆战队一级军士长][35:29.02][35:23.59]要创立一个新的国家You'restartingthebirthofanation.[35:26.39][35:26.54]必须要有执着的信念Youhadtoreallybelieveinwhatyouweredoing.[35:29.22]先生你得让这儿保持干净You'vegottakeepthiscleanhere,sir.[35:30.78]做到这一点能保住你的命Ifyoukeepthatclean,it'llsaveyourlife.[35:32.75]一旦开战这里将是美国的第一道防线Ifwarcomes,thiswillbeAmerica'sfirstlineofdefense. [35:37.01]由当地民众雇佣的武装志愿兵队伍Avolunteerhomeguardwithweaponspaidforbylocalcitizens.[35:42.26][35:43.22]先生们不错不错Gentlemen,it'slookinggood,it'slookinggood.[35:45.11]吃完早餐后就出发Let'shavesomebreakfastandmoveout.[35:47.10]他们中有农民铁匠和店主They'refarmers,blacksmiths,andstoreowners.[35:51.04]一支美国平民组成的战斗力量AfightingforceofordinaryAmericans.[35:54.33][35:56.14]所有殖民地的民兵都直接来自当地市民Themilitiamenofanyofthecoloniesweremadeupofjustitscitizens.[36:00.72][36:00.73]是市民组成的保卫团体Itwasacitizen-basedprotectionunit.[36:04.44]他们中有懂得作战技巧的人Andsomeofthemhadsomeskills,[36:06.35][36:06.36]但也有只会木匠活的木工butsomeofthemwerejustthecarpenters.[36:08.81][36:07.81]理查德·麦克·马克威茨[军事专家前海豹突击队队员][36:09.81][36:08.81]和身无旁技的石匠和铁匠Someofthemwerejustthemasonortheblacksmith.[36:12.81]实际上他们保卫殖民地的行为Imean,theseweretheguysthat--[36:16.01]也是出于对自身利益的捍卫theyhadsomethingatstaketoprotecttheircolony.[36:18.80]他们就这样走到了一起Sotheystartedtoformtogether,[36:20.57]大家守望相助justtryingtohelpprotecteachother.[36:22.67][36:23.13]所有殖民地市镇都拥有自己的民兵组织Everytownacrossthecolonieshasitsownmilitia,[36:26.56]他们现在有了新的任务butnowthey'repreparing[36:28.61]保卫家园不受英军侵犯todefendthemselvesagainsttheBritishArmy.[36:32.38][36:33.18]比昨天好比昨天好Betterthanyesterday,betterthanyesterday.[36:35.54]对这六代马萨诸塞人而言ForsixgenerationsacrossMassachusetts,[36:38.15]男丁参军被视为义务menareexpectedtoserveasmilitiamen.[36:40.94][36:41.32]在马萨诸塞16至50岁的男人有三分之一InMassachusetts,1/3ofallmenbetween16and50[36:45.25]能够在战争打响的第一时间拿起武器参战arereadytobeararmsataminute'snotice.[36:47.94][36:49.05]太棒了很准Excellent,goodshot.[36:50.40][36:50.41]我们保持这个水准Wekeepthisup,[36:51.18]让那些英国兵瞧瞧我们的厉害we'regonnagivethoseredcoatsascare,allright?[36:53.95][36:55.18]英国人不会容忍任何武装反抗TheBritishwillnotstandforanyarmedresistance. [36:59.11][37:01.72]1775年4月19日April19,1775.[37:04.85][37:04.90]午夜后900名英国士兵从波士顿开拔Aftermidnight,900redcoatsleavetheirbarracksinBoston[37:09.49]前往20英里以外的莱克星顿和康科德forLexingtonandConcord,about20milesaway.[37:13.54][37:14.91]他们的任务是逮捕叛乱头领并缴获武器Theirorders:Arresttherebelleadersandseizetheirweapons.[37:19.50][37:22.97]英军进攻的消息也传到了保罗·里维尔耳里NewsoftheBritishattackalsoreachesPaulRevere.[37:26.65][37:27.02]他将连夜赶路通知当地民兵Hismidnightridewillalertlocalmilitias.[37:30.57][37:33.16]里维尔赶在了英国军队的前面RevereridesaheadoftheBritishtroops.[37:36.04][37:38.53]他的警报在新英格兰的乡村逐镇传开Hiswarningspreadsfromtowntotown,acrosstheNewEnglandcountryside.[37:43.66][37:51.07]保罗·里维尔及时到达莱克星顿通报消息PaulReverereachesLexington...intimetospreadtheword.[37:56.55][37:58.44]英军正在进逼TheBritisharecoming.[37:59.60]快去通知民兵Weneedtowarnthemilitia.[38:01.08]召集大家Get'emtogether.[38:02.57][38:04.37]快Comeon![38:05.59][38:13.44]清晨五点60名民兵布阵集合Byfiveinthemorning,60militiamenlineup.[38:17.45][38:17.61]由农夫约翰·帕克指挥They'recommandedbyafarmer,JohnParker.[38:21.00][38:21.34]他们面对的是They'refacedoff[38:22.66]数百名武器精良久经沙场的英国士兵againsthundredsofwell-armedandhighlyexperiencedBritishsoldiers.[38:27.69][38:31.65]接下来发生的事将会彻底改变世界Whathappensnextwilltransformtheworldforever.[38:36.20][38:44.93]1775年4月19日拂晓Sunrise,April19,1775.[38:49.22][38:50.49]一方是60名装备落后训练不足的民兵Ononeside60men,poorlyarmedandbarely trained.[38:55.35][38:55.56]另一方是数百世界上最强大军队的士兵Ontheother,hundredsofthemostpowerfularmyintheworld.[38:59.92][39:00.63]服役数月的新兵Menwhohaveonlybeenactiveforahandfulofmonths,[39:04.19]对阵过往20年里vs.Anarmythatinthepast20years[39:08.96]征战五大洲无往不胜的军队hasfoughtonfivecontinentsanddefeatedeverythinginitspath.[39:13.48][39:13.77]对于反抗者们来说FortheseRebels,[39:14.97]这场战斗是为自由而战thefightisfornothinglessthanfreedomitself.[39:18.98][39:19.46]他们是革命者Theseguyswererevolutionaries,[39:21.36][39:19.98]布莱恩·威廉斯[NBC晚间新闻主播][39:24.10][39:21.36]他们是痞子他们是反叛者theywerescallywags,theywererebels,[39:24.10]他们中有些是乡绅someofthemweregentlemenfarmers,[39:26.93]有些受过高等教育someofthemwereovereducated,[39:28.97]有些没念过几年书someofthemwereundereducated.[39:31.14]就这样造就了一个国家Itreallywasthebirthofanation.[39:33.72][39:34.00]莱克星顿民兵在村庄公用地集中TheLexingtonMilitiagathersonthevillagecommon.[39:37.33]牧场主和店主Dairyfarmersandshopkeepers.[39:39.79][39:40.04]甚至黑奴和自由的非裔美国人也在其中ButalsoamongthemarefreeAfrican-Americansandslaves.[39:44.44][39:45.62]这是非裔美国人为美国军方效力ItisauniqueexperiencethatAfrican-Americanshavehad[39:47.56]的独特经历inthemilitaryinAmerica.[39:50.80][39:48.80]科林·L·鲍威尔将军[美国第一位黑人国务卿][39:53.00][39:51.09]早在美国尚未建国之时African-Americansfoughtforthecountry,[39:54.10]非裔美国人就已为国而战evenbeforeitwasacountry.[39:56.23][39:56.44]就像他们中的普林斯·埃斯塔布鲁克African-AmericanslikePrinceEstabrook.[40:00.59][40:02.64]给我训练Givemetraining.[40:04.16]给我武器我能做得和你一样好Yougivemeaweapon,andIcanperformaswellasyoucan. [40:09.02][40:09.03]世上永不再有任何武力可以令我屈服Thenthere'snopoweronEarththat'sgonnaholdmedownforever.[40:13.59][40:13.75]坚守阵地Standyourground.[40:15.41][40:16.29]敌人不开火别先开火Don'tfireunlessfiredupon.[40:18.51][40:19.49]如果战争在所难免就让它从这里开始Butifwemeantohavewar,letitbeginhere.[40:24.01][40:24.16]队长约翰·帕克曾经为英军效力CaptainJohnParkeroncefoughtonthesideoftheBritish.[40:27.95][40:30.08]他手下四分之一的人都是自己亲属1/4ofthemenstandingathissidearerelatedtohim.[40:34.36][40:45.03]没人知道是谁打响了莱克星顿的第一枪NooneknowswhofiresthefirstshotatLexington...[40:48.66][40:50.73]但这一枪响彻世界butit'stheshotheard'roundtheworld.[40:53.88][40:57.31]红衣英军他们很有威慑力Imean,theredcoats,that'sintimidating,[41:00.36]他们的行动和行进方式thewaytheymove,thewaytheymarch,[41:02.17][41:00.88]理查德·麦克·马克威茨[军事专家前海豹突击队队员][41:02.88][41:02.17]还有他们在战场上执行战斗指令的方式thewaytheyexecuteonthatopenspace.[41:05.34]我想在某种程度上Iimagine,onsomelevel,[41:06.98]对于媒体记者来说fortheguywhoworkstheprintingpress,[41:09.68]这种壮观的震慑场面thisisoverwhelmingbeyondanything[41:12.32]的确难以言表youcouldpossiblyarticulateinwords.[41:15.34][41:18.29]开火Fire![41:20.11][41:40.13]普林斯·埃斯塔布鲁克在第一轮交火中中枪PrinceEstabrookishitinthefirstvolley.[41:43.50][41:44.04]世界上没有军队能与英军近距离对峙Noarmyintheworldcanstandtoe-to-toewiththeBritish,[41:47.88]更不用说一支非正规的民兵队伍了letalonearagtagmilitia.[41:50.38][41:55.04]开火Fire![41:56.55][41:57.51]英军开火的次数高达民兵的四倍TheBritishfireduptofourtimestherateofthe militia.[42:01.03][42:28.60]莱克星顿战斗打响后短短几分钟WithinminutesofthefirstshotsfiredatLexington,[42:31.60]八名爱国战士阵亡十人受伤eightPatriotsaredead,tenwounded.[42:34.98]美国革命从此拉开序幕TheAmericanRevolutionhasbegun.[42:38.12][42:41.78]英军于早上9点抵达康科德TheredcoatsreachConcordat9:00inthemorning.[42:44.95][42:46.99]由于得到了忠于英王的殖民者报信Actingonatipofffromcolonistsloyaltothecrown,[42:50.76]他们突袭了民兵的秘密火药库theyraidthemilitia'sarmsstash.[42:53.18][42:54.24]不过民兵们先来一步ButtheRebelshavegottherefirst...[42:56.88][42:59.18]转移了几乎所有库藏hidingalmosteverything.[43:01.15][43:02.12]好了没时间了我们走That'sgood,wedon'thaveallday,let'sgo,comeon.[43:04.83][43:20.54]他们继续搜查武器Theycontinuetosearchforweapons,[43:23.46][43:23.79]这给了爱国者们更多时间传递消息givingthePatriotsmoretimetospreadtheword.[43:27.17][43:32.43]民兵们在康科德镇外集结ThemilitiagathersjustoutsidethetownofConcord.[43:36.16][43:39.44]将近中午时Bylatemorning,[43:40.04]已有1000多人从周围的村庄赶来morethan1,000havearrivedfromthesurroundingvillages.[43:44.28][43:49.19]他们想要保卫家园不受英国人侵犯Theirplan,todefendtheirtownsagainsttheBritish.[43:53.21][43:54.60]我们走Let'sgo![43:55.99][44:06.25]英军士兵是15个小时前开拔的TheBritishsoldierslefttheirbarracks15hoursago.[44:10.05][44:10.06]现在他们需要行军20英里返回波士顿Andnowtheyfacea20-milemarchbacktoBoston.[44:14.41][44:31.34]被毁掉的生活TheShatteredlives...[44:33.23][44:35.12]被侵占的城市anoccupiedcity...[44:36.86][44:39.83]波士顿的街头喋血bloodinthestreetsofBoston...[44:42.02] [44:44.81]现在轮到了莱克星顿andnowLexington.[44:46.75][44:52.81]团结一心的人们反抗暴政Apeopleunifiedinthefightagainsttyranny.[44:56.01][45:01.42]现在爱国者们的机会来了NowthePatriotshavetheirchance.[45:04.79][45:13.21]枪械工匠兼民兵领导人Gunsmithandmilitialeader[45:14.99]艾萨克·戴维斯被一颗子弹射穿心脏IsaacDavistakesabulletthroughtheheart.[45:17.94][45:39.84]爱国者们占了上风ThePatriotsseizetheupperhand[45:41.87][45:41.88]要让英军血债血偿andintendtomaketheBritishsoldierspay.[45:44.61][45:48.99]他们一路跟随行进的英军伺机射击Theyshadowtheredcoats'march,firingonthemtheentireway.[45:53.65][45:54.75]三分之一的英军或死或伤Athirdarekilledorwounded.[45:57.21][46:05.05]当年离开英格兰追寻富足与自由的第一批移民SevengenerationsafterthefirstsettlersleftEngland,[46:08.64]到现在已经有了第七代子孙insearchofprosperityandfreedom,[46:11.06]这些子孙又不得不为争取同样的权利而奋起反抗theirdescendantswillhavetofightfortheserights.[46:14.45][46:27.59]挡在他们面前的Standingintheirway[46:28.93]是世界上最强大的军事超级大国isthemightoftheworld'sgreatestmilitarysuperpower.[46:32.53][46:39.95]他们并不准备轻易放弃殖民地Andthey'renotabouttogiveuptheircolonieslightly.[46:43.57][46:46.68]起义军的杂牌部队Aragtagbunchofrebels[46:48.74]面对当时最强大的军事力量facesthegreatestmilitarysuperpoweroftheday.[46:52.31][46:53.95]这本是一场毫无胜算的战争It'sawartheynevershouldhavewon.[46:56.64][46:57.83]他们之所以胜出秘密在于Thisisthesecrethistoryofhowtheydidit.[47:01.45][47:02.30]破釜沉舟Daring.[47:03.69][47:07.31]领导有方Leadership.[47:08.99][47:10.21]出奇制胜Newwaysoffighting[47:12.14][47:13.38]和实实在在的美国精神andtrueAmericangrit. [47:15.86]