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1、英语中的定语是用来修饰名词或代词的句子成分,通常为了说明被修饰的性质与特征,常用来作定语的有形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、动词、不定式、动词-ing、过去分词、介词短语及从句。定语的位置有两种,一是置于被修饰的词前,叫前置定语。二是置于被修饰词之后,叫后置定语。现将他们的用法归纳如下,以供大家参考。一、使用前置定语的情况1.形容词作前置定语。例如:Sheaskedmewhethersmallorangesareoftensweeterthanbigones.2.名词作前置定语。例如:Therearethirtywomenteachersinourschool.3.代
2、词作前置定语。例如:Thiscoatistoobigforme,showmeanotherone.4.数词前置定语。例如:Ienjoyedthatstorybook,I’dliketoreaditasecondtime.5.动词-ing作前置定语。例如:Doyouknowthecryinggirlontheswimmingpool?6.分词作前置定语。例如:ThespeakingboyispracticingspokenEnglish.________二、使用后置定语的情况(一)形容词作后置定语1.形容词作定语修饰以-thing/body结尾的复合不定代词时要后置。例
3、如:Iwilltellyousomethinginteresting.Anybodyyoungwishestoenterthearmy.2.形容词短语作定语要后置。例如:Westudyinaclassroomlargeenoughtohold100students.3.形容词被量度词修饰时,量度词与形容词一起后置。例如:Thereisatree5metrestallinfrontofherhouse.Hewalkedoverabridge30metreswide.4.由前缀a-开头的形容词作定语时要后置,常见的有:asleep,afraid,alone,awake,a
4、live,ashamed,ablaze等。例如:Thegirlafraidofdogsusuallystaysathomeatnight.Timealonewillshowyouwhowasright.(二)副词作后置定语例如:Onmywayhome,Ifoundawalletwithalotofmoneyinit.Theyoungmanupstairsoftencomeshomeverylate.(三)介词短语作后置定语例如:Playersfromthesixcountriesmettogetherinfriendlycontests.Themaninchargeo
5、fthecompanyisherfather.Maythefriendshipbetweenuslastforever!(四)非谓语动词作后置定语1.动词不定式作定语时要后置。例如:Hesaidtherewasnothingtoworryabout.TheEnglishteachertoldushehadacompositiontowrite.Sheisanicepersonwithwhomtowork.Ican’tdecidewhichpentobuy.2.分词(或短语)作修饰语时要后置。例如:(找出定语成分)Thestudentreadingthenewspape
6、rcomesfromJapan.ThebikebeingrepairedbytheworkerismadeinShanghai.IsthereastudentcalledTominyourclass?Thebuildingbuiltlastyearwillbeequippedwithmodernfacilities.(五)句子作后置定语如果是一个句子修饰名词或代词时,句子后置就形成了我们学习的定语从句。例如:Themanwhoistalkingtoaforeignerismybrother.²关于定语从句:(详见文档“附1-定语从句”)1.她是一个喜欢读书的女孩。Sh
7、eisagirlwholikesreading.2.Jerry是一个美国男孩,他来自纽约。JerryisanAmericanboy,whocomesfromNewYork.3.这个西瓜又大又甜,我真想吃。Ireallywanttoeatthewatermelonwhichisbigandsweet.4.他就是昨天被警察抓住的小偷。Heisthethiefwhowascaughtbythepoliceyesterday.5.这些书是我昨天从新华书店买来的。ThesearethebooksthatIboughtintheXinhuaBookstoreye