团队工作的秘诀：车间到行政部门的团体效能研究[文献翻译]

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1、本科毕业设计（论文）外文翻译外文出处JournalofManagement;1997,No.3,Vol.23:P239-290/TeamPerformanceManagement;1998,No.8,Vol.4:P3199-330外文作者Cohen,SusanG;Bailey,DianeE/SamuelM.NataleandAnthonyF.Libertella原文：Whatmakesteamswork:groupeffectivenessresearchfromtheshopfloortotheexecutivesu

2、iteThemanagementandacademicpressincreasinglyemphasizestheimportanceofteamsfororganizationalsuccessinthemodemeconomy.Booksandarticleshavebeenwrittenabouthowtodesignempoweredorself-directedworkteams(Wellins,Byham&Wilson,1991;Orsburn,Moran,Musselwhite,&Zenger,1990)

3、,parallellearningteams(Bushe&Shani,1991),cross-functionalprojectteams(Parker,1994),executiveteams(Nadler&Ancona,1992),andteam-basedorganizations(Mohrman,Cohen,&Mohrman,1995).Theuseofteamshasexpandeddramaticallyinresponsetocompetitivechallenges.Forexample,82%ofco

4、mpanieswith100ormoreemployeesreportedthattheyuseteams(Gordon,1992).Sixty-eightpercentofFortune1000companiesreportedthattheyusedself-managingworkteamsand91%reportedthattheyusedemployeeparticipationgroupsin1993comparedto28%and70%respectivelyin1987(Lawler,Mohrman,&

5、Ledford,1995).Inexaminingdataon56,000U.S.productionworkers,CapelliandRogovsky(1994)foundthatoneofthemostcommonskillsrequiredbynewworkpracticesistheabilitytoworkasateam.Academicshaveincreasinglyselectedteamsandteameffectivenessasimportantareasforresearchinrespons

6、etotheincreaseduseofteamsinorganizations.HundredsofstudieshavebeenpublishedaboutteamsinthesixyearssinceKennethBettenhausenlastreviewedthisliteraturefortheJournalofManagement.TeamWhatisateaminanorganizationalsetting?Therearemultipledefinitionsbuttheoneweusecomesf

7、romtheworkofHackman(1987)buildingontheworkofAlderfer(1977).GuzzoandDickson(1996)drawfromthesameintellectualtraditionintheirrecentreview;Sundstrom,DeMeuseandFutrell(1990)usedasimilardefinition.Ateamisacollectionofindividualswhoareinterdependentintheirtasks,whosha

8、reresponsibilityforoutcomes,whoseethemselvesandwhoareseenbyothersasanintactsocialentityembeddedinoneormorelargersocialsystems(forexample,businessunitorthecorporation)