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1、Ecologyontheedge:LandscapeandecologybetweentownandcountrySybrandPTjallingiiAbstractThetrendsareworldwide:peopleandgoodsareincreasinglymobile,compactcitiesdevelopintourbannetworks,industrializingagricultureisbecomingfootloose,rurallifebecomesurbanlifeinagreensetting.Socialsegregati
2、on,trafficnuisance,urbansprawlandotherunwantedimpactsofthesetrendschallengeurbanandregionalplanners.Thesearchforplanninganswerstotheseissuesisfurthercomplicatedbytheneedforsustainabledevelopmentataglobalscale.Whatistheroleofecologyinthecontextofthediscussionsonthefutureoftownandco
3、untry?Thetraditional,andstilldominant,approachisbasedonthepolarityofurbanandruralworlds.Inthisperspective,ecologyfocusesonthe‘nature’ofprotectedareasandbiodiversity.Thepapersinthisspecialissueexploretheprospectsofawiderperspectiveinwhichnaturalprocessesareseenasbasictoboth,ruralan
4、durbandevelopment.Thisarticleisdiggingupthefundamental‘discourses’underlyingthetwoapproachestoecologyandnature.Firstly,the‘object-oriented’and‘process-oriented’discoursesareanalyzed.Secondly,theprospectsofaprocess-orienteddiscourseareillustratedwithplansfortheDutchRandstadandtheGe
5、rmanRuhrarea.Then,somenewconceptsareintroducedthatmaystrengthentheinstitutionalconditionsfortheprocess-orientedapproach.Discourses,concepts,plansandprojectsallcirclearoundthecentralquestioninthisarticleabouttheroleofecologyinplanningtheedgeofthecity.KeywordsUrbanandregionalplannin
6、g;Ecology;Discourses;Cityedge1.IntroductionLandscapeecologymaybetakeninastrictorinabroadsense.Thestrictinterpretation,mostpopularintheInternationalAssociationofLandscapeEcologyanditsassociatedorganizations,focusesonhabitatsandpopulationdynamicsofplantsandanimalsatthescaleoflandsca
7、pes.Thepapersinthisspecialissuecrosstheedgeofthisstrictinterpretationandengageinabroadapproachoftheclassicaldefinitionofecology:theinteractionbetweenlivingorganismsandtheirenvironment.Thisbroadviewplaceseconomy,sociologyandecologyatthesamelevelascomplementaryapproachestothestudyof
8、man–environmentinteractions.Asthe