外文翻译---边缘生态：城乡景观生态

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1、Ecologyontheedge:LandscapeandecologybetweentownandcountrySybrandPTjallingiiAbstractThetrendsareworldwide:peopleandgoodsareincreasinglymobile,compactcitiesdevelopintourbannetworks,industrializingagricultureisbecomingfootloose,rurallifebecomesurbanlifeinagreensetting.Socialsegregation,trafficn

2、uisance,urbansprawlandotherunwantedimpactsofthesetrendschallengeurbanandregionalplanners.Thesearchforplanninganswerstotheseissuesisfurthercomplicatedbytheneedforsustainabledevelopmentataglobalscale.Whatistheroleofecologyinthecontextofthediscussionsonthefutureoftownandcountry?Thetraditional,a

3、ndstilldominant,approachisbasedonthepolarityofurbanandruralworlds.Inthisperspective,ecologyfocusesonthe‘nature’ofprotectedareasandbiodiversity.Thepapersinthisspecialissueexploretheprospectsofawiderperspectiveinwhichnaturalprocessesareseenasbasictoboth,ruralandurbandevelopment.Thisarticleisdi

4、ggingupthefundamental‘discourses’underlyingthetwoapproachestoecologyandnature.Firstly,the‘object-oriented’and‘process-oriented’discoursesareanalyzed.Secondly,theprospectsofaprocess-orienteddiscourseareillustratedwithplansfortheDutchRandstadandtheGermanRuhrarea.Then,somenewconceptsareintroduc

5、edthatmaystrengthentheinstitutionalconditionsfortheprocess-orientedapproach.Discourses,concepts,plansandprojectsallcirclearoundthecentralquestioninthisarticleabouttheroleofecologyinplanningtheedgeofthecity.KeywordsUrbanandregionalplanning;Ecology;Discourses;Cityedge1.IntroductionLandscapeeco

6、logymaybetakeninastrictorinabroadsense.Thestrictinterpretation,mostpopularintheInternationalAssociationofLandscapeEcologyanditsassociatedorganizations,focusesonhabitatsandpopulationdynamicsofplantsandanimalsatthescaleoflandscapes.Thepapersinthisspecialissuecrosstheedgeofthisstrictinterpretat

7、ionandengageinabroadapproachoftheclassicaldefinitionofecology:theinteractionbetweenlivingorganismsandtheirenvironment.Thisbroadviewplaceseconomy,sociologyandecologyatthesamelevelascomplementaryapproachestothestudyofman–environmentinteractions.Asthe