小儿高热惊厥236例临床分析

《小儿高热惊厥236例临床分析》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。

1、小儿高热惊厥236例临床分析【摘要】目的分析小儿高热惊厥(FC)的临床特点，探讨治疗和预防复发的措施，以减少癫疒间、智力低下等后遗症的发生。方法对236例FC患儿的临床资料进行分析，分析其复发因素、影响转归的因素，并设立发热对照组(185例，发热，无惊厥)，检测2组血钠、钾、糖水平。结果FC组首次发作年龄1～3岁178例(75.42%);首次发作体温≥38.5℃183例(77.54%);基础疾病多为急性上呼吸道感染，共186例(78.81%);首发惊厥为全身强直-阵挛性发作202例(85.59%

2、);191例(80.93%)惊厥持续时间<15min。首发年龄<6个月或>5岁、首发体温<38.5℃、FC类型为复杂型FC(CFC)及有惊厥家族史者易复发。首发年龄<6个月或>5岁、首发体温<38.5℃、惊厥持续时间≥15min、FC类型为CFC、惊厥次数>5次、有惊厥家族史及体温正常2周后脑电图仍有异常者易转为癫疒间及合并智力低下。FC组血钠明显低于发热对照组(P<0.01)，FC组血糖明显高于发热对照组(P<0.01)。结论FC首发

3、年龄多为1～3岁，与发热相关;FC多存在低血钠和高血糖。在常规治疗时应注意纠正电解质紊乱和高血糖。其复发与首发年龄、首发体温、FC类型、惊厥家族史有关。FC大多预后较好，少数可发展为癫疒间，要进行积极的干预治疗。【关键词】高热惊厥;临床特点;复发;转归;血生化　　Abstract：ObjectiveToanalyzetheclinicalcharacteristicsofthefebrileconvulsion(FC)inchildrenandtoexploremeasurestotreatan

4、dpreventtherecurrencesoastoreducetheincidenceofsequelae,suchasepilepsyandmentalretardation.Methods236casesofchildrenicalvariations.185febrilecasessodium,potassiumandbloodglucoseongthe236FCcases,178cases(75.42%)hadthefirstattackattheagefrom1to3years;1

5、83cases(77.54%)hadthefirstattackoffever≥38.5℃;186cases(78.81%)anifestedgeneralizedtonic-clonicsEizureinthefirstattack;191cases(80.93%)hadtheconvulsionduration<15min.Therecurrentfactorsincludedtheagesofthefirstattack<6monthor>5years,bodytempe

6、ratureatthefirstattack<38.5℃,plicatedFCandconvulsionfamilyhistory.Theriskfactorsforthesequelaeofepilepsyplicatedentalretardationincludedtheagesofthefirstattack<6monthsor>5years,bodytemperatureatthefirstattack<38.5℃,convulsionduration≥15mi

7、n,plicatedFC,thenumberofconvulsion>5times,convulsionfamilyhistoryandEEGabnormality2altemperature.TheserumsodiumlevelinFCgrouparkedlyloostlyoccurredinchildrenfrom1to3yearsoldandsodiumandhighbloodglucoselevels.Therefore,attentionshouldbepaidtocorrec

8、tionofelectrolyteimbalanceandhighbloodglucoselevels.Therecurrenceperatureatthefirstattack,FCtypesandrelevantfamilyhistoryofconvulsion.FCmostlyhasagoodprognosis,anditisnecessarytorenderactivetreatmentsinceafeaydeveloptoepilepsy.　　Keyicaltests高热惊厥(FC)是