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1、AStudyofPolysemyinEnglishVocabularyAbstract:PolysemyisverycommoninEnglishvocabulary.Itisessentialtoanalyzethestructure,featuresandlanguagecontextofpolysemyforlanguagelearner.Forthefourdifferentreasons：shiftofapplicationindifferentfields；mutualtransformationbetweencommonwordsandspecializedwords；e
2、llipsisinlanguageuseandthereasonexplainedincognitivetheory,polysemycomesintobeing.Keywords:English,Polysemy,causes,languagecontext.一、Causesofpolysemy:Polysemyisthecommonfeatureinthewholenaturallanguage,especiallyinEnglish.Withthedevelopmentpeople’sneedsofrecognizingandexplainingtheworld，theprobl
3、emofshortageofalready-existedwordsarises。Polysemyiscomeintobeing。Therearefourdifferentreasons：shiftofapplicationindifferentfields；mutualtransformationbetweencommonwordsandspecializedwords；ellipsisinlanguageuseandthereasonexplainedincognitivetheory.（一）shiftofapplicationindifferentfieldsThisisthem
4、aincauseofpolysemy.Wordshavemanymeaningsindifferentlanguagecontext.Somearetemporary,whilesomearepermanent。Suchas“mouth”，theoriginalmeaningisthemouthofanimal,Nowitnotonlycanrefertohuman’smouthbutalsocanmeanstheexportofriverandtheentrancetothecave.（二）MutualtransformationbetweencommonwordsandSpecia
5、lizedwordsInsomesense,thisisoneoftheshiftsofapplication.“Mouse”becomesthemouselocatorincomputerterminologywhiletheoriginalmeaningis“akindofanimal”.Wordmeaningsvarywithsocialenvironmentindifferentfield.Formathematicians,operationmeans“calculation”,whileitisnaturallyunderstoodas“militaryaction”for
6、soldiers.（三）EllipsisinlanguageuseTheuseofthewordislimitedbylanguagecontext,soitisnotrandom.Thatistosay,theyarealwaysusedwithcollocationofcertainwords.Intheprocessoftheuseofcollocations,theirmeaningsareshiftedinsomeways,thenthetwowordshavethesamemeaning.‘Capitalcity’,‘capitalfunds’and‘capitallett
7、er’.Becausethethreephrasescommonlyappearandusedfrequently,thelastwordisomittedanditsmeaningshiftedto‘capital’(city,fund,andletter).（四）ThereasonexplainedincognitivetheoryItismoreacceptabletoexplainitintheusageoffigurativelang
