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1、AStudyofPolysemyinEnglishVocabularyAbstract:PolysemyisverycommoninEnglishvocabulary.Itisessentialtoanalyzethestructure,featuresandlanguagecontextofpolysemyforlanguagelearner.Forthefourdifferentreasons：shiftofapplicationindifferentfields；mutualtransformationbetweencommo
2、nwordsandspecializedwords；ellipsisinlanguageuseandthereasonexplainedincognitivetheory,polysemycomesintobeing.Keywords:English,Polysemy,causes,languagecontext.一、Causesofpolysemy:Polysemyisthecommonfeatureinthewholenaturallanguage,especiallyinEnglish.Withthedevelopmentpe
3、ople’sneedsofrecognizingandexplainingtheworld，theproblemofshortageofalready-existedwordsarises。Polysemyiscomeintobeing。Therearefourdifferentreasons：shiftofapplicationindifferentfields；mutualtransformationbetweencommonwordsandspecializedwords；ellipsisinlanguageuseandthe
4、reasonexplainedincognitivetheory.（一）shiftofapplicationindifferentfieldsThisisthemaincauseofpolysemy.Wordshavemanymeaningsindifferentlanguagecontext.Somearetemporary,whilesomearepermanent。Suchas“mouth”，theoriginalmeaningisthemouthofanimal,Nowitnotonlycanrefertohuman’smo
5、uthbutalsocanmeanstheexportofriverandtheentrancetothecave.（二）MutualtransformationbetweencommonwordsandSpecializedwordsInsomesense,thisisoneoftheshiftsofapplication.“Mouse”becomesthemouselocatorincomputerterminologywhiletheoriginalmeaningis“akindofanimal”.Wordmeaningsva
6、rywithsocialenvironmentindifferentfield.Formathematicians,operationmeans“calculation”,whileitisnaturallyunderstoodas“militaryaction”forsoldiers.（三）EllipsisinlanguageuseTheuseofthewordislimitedbylanguagecontext,soitisnotrandom.Thatistosay,theyarealwaysusedwithcollocatio
7、nofcertainwords.Intheprocessoftheuseofcollocations,theirmeaningsareshiftedinsomeways,thenthetwowordshavethesamemeaning.‘Capitalcity’,‘capitalfunds’and‘capitalletter’.Becausethethreephrasescommonlyappearandusedfrequently,thelastwordisomittedanditsmeaningshiftedto‘capita
8、l’(city,fund,andletter).（四）ThereasonexplainedincognitivetheoryItismoreacceptabletoexplainitintheusageoffigurativelang
