必刷卷05-2022年高考英语考前信息必刷卷（上海专用）（解析版）

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绝密＊启用前2022年高考英语考前信息必刷卷05上海地区专用卜海地区2022年高考英语题型为听力＋笔试，题型分为四部分：听力理解(IO个知对话＋2篇小知文+I篇长对话）、语法词汇、阅读坪解(I完型填空＋3篇阅读＋1篇六选四）、写作(1篇概要写作＋4个翻译+I篇书面表达）。阅读理解题刑，又可划分为细节理解题、排理判断题、主旨大总题、观点态度题、猜词题型五大类。也可根据文章体裁分为应用文、记叙文、说明文、议论文和科技文等。六选四类型题，根据高考《考试说明》，被衣述为“主要考查考生对文幸的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑，总义的押解和掌握＂。考牛斋要在语篇中把握文名发展脉络，押解作名内在的写作目的和情感态度。常握文掌大意，并积极获取信息，借助上下文的逻辑关系，对空格句做出正确的判断，将正确的选项填回原义。必须具备一定的策略与方法，做到外在句式一致，内在语义逻辑一致，同时敏锐得发掘语篇内部衔接日线索，才能做好此题。2022年上海地区的阅读理解选材围绕人与自我、人与社会、人与臼然三大主题进行设题，涵盖旅游、人物故事、环保、经济、文学、科技、社会文化现象以及心理学哼内容。2022年的整卷选超大概率在往年选材的拈础上，围绕社会发展、务实事务、国家砓新动态信息、热点话题等方面进行出题。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1A.Abankofficer.B.Apoliceman.C.Alawyer.D.Adeliveryman.【答案】D【原文】M:ApackageforMr.WrenchfromaMr.Sandoval.Isheathome,Ma'am?W:Sorry,heisnothome.ButI'mruswife,JaneWrench.CanIacceptitforhim?Q:Whatistheman?2.A.Unpleasantatmosphere.B.Terriblefood.C.Slowservice.D.Unacceptableprice.【答案】C【原文】W:Whatadisappointment!'Iwastoldthisrestaurantwasgood.Buttheservicewasquiteunacceptable.M:Yeah,itisveryslow.ItseemsawaiterisresponsiblefortoomanytablesQ:Whatisthewomancomplainingabout?3.A.Cloudy.B.Clear.C.Rainy.D.Overcast.【答案】B【原文】M:Therainhasstopped.Youshouldseetheskythisevening.Therewasahugerainbow.W:Ididn'tevenknowitwasraining.TherewerenocloudsintheskybeforeIfellasleepthisafternoon.Q:Howwastheweatherbeforethewomanslept?4.A.Workingroups.B.Givepresentations.C.Tumintheirhomework.D.Checktheiranswers.【答案】A【原文】M:MissGreen,thishomeworkseemsverydifficult.Canyougiveussomehelpwiththeanswer?W:No,butIwillallowyoutoworkingroupsthistime,thenonepersonfromeachgroupwillpresenttheanswertotheclass.

2Q:Whatwilltheclassdofirst?5.A.Depressed.B.Uncertain.C.Sad.D.Relived.【答案】D【原文】W:Todayisthelastdayofmyexams.Reliefisn'tastrnngenoughwordforhowIfeel.M:Sadly,Ihavetwomoreexamstogo.Q:Howdoesthewomanfeel?6.A.Makeamedicalappointment.B.Givethemanaride.C.Buythemansomemedicine.D.Takethemantothehospital.【答案】B【原文】M:IfeellikeIamcomingdownwithacold.Ishouldprobablytakesomemedicinetomakemyselffeelbetter.W:Doyouwantmetodriveyoutothedrugstore?Q:Whatdoesthewomanoffertodofortheman?7.A.Toparticipateinaskiingrace.B.Toapplyforanewjob.C.Tobeginanewcareer.D.TosellthehouseinItaly.【答案】C【原文】M:Aftertheholiday,I'mgoingtosellthehouseandmovetoItaly.I'llsta1tanewbusinessthere.TheideacametomewhenIwentskiing.W:Well,that'sasurprise.Andit'sabigstepyou'retaking.Q:Whatistheman'splanaftertheholiday?8.A.He'llacceptthejob.B.HeisbusyonSunday.C.HewillnotworkonSunday.D.Hewillturndowntheoffer.【答案】A【原文】

3W:Thisjobisforthreedays:Monday,FridayandSundayM:Well,IwashopingtokeepSundayfree.Anyway,Icanchangemyselfab止Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?9.A.Differencesincustoms.B.Differencesinpronunciations.C.Differencesinwords.D.Differencesinaccents.【答案】C【原文】M:It'sfunnythatwhenyousay"fall",itreferstowhatwecall"autumn".Youguysarestrange.W:Well,wesaytheexactsamethingaboutyou.Q:Whatarethespeakersta胆ngabout?10.A.HeknowsverylittleaboutJohn.B.Johndoesn'tdeservethepromotion.C.Johnshouldearnmoremoney.D.Hedoesn'tcareforthenews.【答案】D【原文】W:HaveyouheardthenewsthatJohnhasbeenpromotedandhissalaryhasbeendoubled?M:Sowhat?Couldn'tcareless!Q:Whatdoestl1emanmean?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。11.A.Becausetheytrackhumanactivitiesthroughtheagencyofsound.B.Becausesoundhelpsthemlocatefoodandavoiddanger.C.Becausetheyusesoundtostayawayfromoffshoreconstruction.D.Becausetheytakeadvantageofsoundtofindlivingcreatures.

412.A.Noisepollution.B.Plastics.C.Overfishing.D.Lightpollution.13.A.Humansaremakingoceanstoonoisy.B.Maskingisahelpfultotheexistenceofm釭ineanimals.C.Soundtravelsveryfarunderwater.D.Noisefromhumansthreatensmarineanimals.【答案】11.B12.D13.D【原文】Humanactivityischangingthesurfaceandtemperatureoftheplanet.ButnewresearchshowsitisalsochangingthesoundoftheEarth'soceansandseas.Scientistssaythechangesinthesoundsofouroceans,seas,andotherwaterwaysaffectmanymarineanimals--fromverysmallshrimptohugewhales.Soundu·avelsveryfarunderwater.Forfish,soundisprobablyabetterwaytosensetheirenvironmentth血light.Soundshelpfishandothermarineanimalssurvive.Theyusesoundstocommunicatewitheachother.Soundsalsohelpsomeoceananimalsfindfoodandavoidtheirhunters.However,increasednoisefromhumansismakingitharderfortheseanimalstoheareachother.Thenoiseiscoming仕omshippingti·affic,motorizedfishingships,underwateroilandgasexploration,offshoreconstruction,andothernoisyhumanactivities.Formanymarinespecies,theirattemptstocommunicatearebeingmaskedbysoundsthathumanshaveintroduced.Maskinghappens,vhenoneormorenoisesinthewaterblocksoundimportanttoamarineanimal'sexistence.Whenpeoplethinkofthreatsfacingtheocean,weoftenthinkofclimatechange,plastics,andoverfishingButnoisepollutionisanotheressentialthingweneedtobemonitoring.Questions:11.Whyissoundimportantforoceananimals?)12.Accordingtothepassage,whichisnotachallengefacingtheoceans?13.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

514.A.Therewardsoftakingcareoflivingthings.B.Thechancestodevelopnewfarmingtechnologies.C.Theopportunitiestohaveanothersourceofincome.D.Theexperienceofaharshandunsettlingwinter.15.A.Mushrooms.B.Windows.C.Tomatoes.D.GrowingLights.16.A.BecausesomeofitsemployeescamedownwithCovid-19.B.Becauseplantingonsocialmedialhasgoneviral.C.Becausethegrowingdemandsforseedscouldn'tbesatisfied.D.Becausetheriseofindoorgardeninghaddrivenupoperationalcosts.【答案】14.A15.D16.C【原文】Lastyear,manypeopleacrosstheworldlookedtotheirgardenstofindenjoymentandpeaceduringthecoronavirusoutbreak.Gardenswereestablishedinco血nunitiesandhomeswithvegetables,flowersandmanyotherdifferentkindsofplants.Millionsofpeoplefoundhappiness,releaseandasenseofsafetywiththeirhandsinthedirtHouseplantsarehotnowandsocialmediaisfullofplantphotos.Hereisalookatsomepossiblewaystoenjoygardeningindoors.Newtechnologiesmakeiteasierto担·owplantsanywhereindoors,withorwithoutsoil.Theplantsoffernotonlybeauty,buttherewardsofcaringforlivingthingsandseeingthemgrow.Indoorvegetablegardening,too,hasbecomeespeciallypopularbothasafoodsourceandasafamilyactivity.Forexample,small,containedgardenscar1beboughtandplacednexttothewindow.Mushroomscanbegrowninacardboardboxortomatoescaneasilybegrowninabottle.Ariseinindoorgardeninghasdrivenupsalesforgreenhouses,growinglightsandseeds.OneseedcompanyinthenortheasternstateofMaine,Johnny'sSelectedSeeds,recentlysuspendedordersfromhomegardenerstemporarily.Itsajdthatthelargenumberofordersitwasreceivingcouldnotbeeffectivelyfilled.Thegardencanbeametaphorforpeace,safety,successandcalm.Notabadplaceforthemjnd'seyetorest,

6especiallyinthismostunsettlingofwinters.Questions:14.Whatelsedoplantsofferbesidesbeauty?15.Whichproducttendstosellbetterduetotheriseinindoorgardening?16.Whydidtheseedcompanysuspendordersfromhomegardeners?听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。17.A.Heisresponsiblefororganizingaclassmeeting.B.Heneedstocompleteanannualreportbytheweekend.C.Heisunderpressuretohandinatravelplan.D.Heisinchargeofplanningtheclasstrip.18.A.Thecostofthetripistoohigh.B.Thejourneyistootiring.C.Hisclassmatesarephysicallyunfittogothere.D.Hisclassmatesarereluctanttogothatfar.19.A.Itisabittoughtogetto.B.Ithassmalltentsforrent.C.Jcoffersseasonaldiscount.D.Itsnaturalsceneryisbeautiful.20.A.Relaxed.B.Puzzled.C.Excited.D.Worried.【答案】17.D18.A19.D20.C【原文】W:Hi,Jason,youlookbusythismorning.Wl1atareyouupto?M:Oh,Emily,youdidn'thear?I'mresponsibleforplanningtheclass'a皿ualtrip.W:That'scool.Wherearewegoingthisyear?M:Idon'tknow.I'munderpressuretogeteverythingsortedfast,though.I'mnotsureIcanhandlethetask.W:Don'twon-y.Icanhelpyoucomeupwithideas.

7M:Really?Youdon'tmind?Ineedtoprepareaplanbytheendoftheweek.W:Whataboutatt·iptotheeastcoast?Thebeachesarereallynice.M:That'soutofthequestion.Wedon'thavesufficientfundstogothatfar.W:Well,howaboutwearrangeagrouptriptothemountains?M:Hmm,thatcouldbefun.Let'slookforafewgoodspotsand小encomparenotes.W:I'vefoundsomegreatcampsites,buttheymightbeabittoughtogetto.M:Somepeoplearen'tinthebestshapeandIdon'tthinkeveryonewantstostayinatent.W:Yeah.That'sreasonable.Iknowanicemountainresortwithsomesmallcabinsforrent.M:Thatlooksnice.Thatway,wecoulds川Iarrangeacampfire,andpeoplewillhavewarmbedstosleepinW:Also,therearesomenicetracksandwaterfallsnearthecabins.M:Thesephotoslookreallynice.Doyouthinkthebudgetwillcoverit?W:Icheckedprices,andit'saboutthesameasthehotelwebookedlastyear.Plus,lsawanoteaboutgroupdiscountsonthewebsite.M:That'sgreat.I'llgivethemacallrightawaytoseewhatIcanorganize.W:Ihaven'tbeentothemountainsinquiteawhile.I'mlookingforwardtotheti·ip.M:Metoo.Questions:17.WhatmakesJasonsoworried?I8.Whydoesn'tJasonthinkthetriptotheeastcoastagoodidea?19.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthemountainresort?20.HowdoesEmilyfeelaboutthetriptothemountainresort?II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.BuyaCupofCoffeeforaStrangerCoffeehasdevelopedrapidlyandsoonbecomeanessentialfriendandcompanionformanypeople.21.__youfirstmeether,you'lldrinkitforawhile,feelingrefreshed.Slowly,thedeeperyougo,themoreyou'llbecomeaddictedtoit,attractedbyheruniquesmell.Youcan'thelpbut_____f£..__(follow)her,andyoualwaysthinkcoffeehasastory.

8Coffeecanbetracedbacktoaboutthe10thcenturyAD.Itwas~the16thcenturythatcoffeewasin廿oducedtoEurope.ThewaythatcoffeeisgrownandmadehasbeenrefinedbytheArabs,andmoderncoffeeisallbeverages（饮料）．Howaboutbuyingacupofcoffeeforsomeoneyou'llnevermeet?Itmaysoundlikethelatesttrendinthecoffeeculture,butasuspendedcoffeeis---11__(heartwarming)thanapopularlatte.ThetraditionborninacafeinthesouthernItaliancityofNaplesistobuyacuportwoofcoffeeinadvancefor~whoneeditlaterintheday.Acustomer-in-needcanthenlateraskifthereisasuspendedcoffeeavailableandhaveahotdrinkZQ_havingtopayforit.Itmaybehardtoimaginethatthisideahasbecomeaninternetfashion,withcountlesscoffeeshopsinEuropeandNorthAmerica-----1]__(participate)inthemovement.TheFacebookpagealonehasmorethan28,000"likes".Thetraditionofsuspendedcoffeeisalong-standingoneinItaly~increasedinpopularityaftertheSecondWorldWar.AgenceFrance-PressereportedlastweekthepracticewasstartingtobepopularinotherEuropeancountries_22....__(hit)hardeconomically.Morethan150cafesinBulgariawereta沁ngpart.Attheverycafescustomerscanaskwhetherthereareanysuspendedcoffeesavailable,andifso,they3。-(supply)withabeverage,thankstothekindnessofast1·anger【答案】21.When/If22.follow23.notuntil24.moreheartwarming25.those26.without27.participating28.that/which29.hit30.aresupplied/willbesupplied【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了起源于意大利那不勒斯的＂待用咖啡＂的暖心故事。21.考查状语从句。句意：当／如果你第一次遇见她，你会喝一会儿，感觉神清气爽。结合句意可知，此处可用when引导时1、司状语从句，表示“当．时“，也可用计引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。首字母需大写。故填When/If。

922.考杳固定短语。句意：你只好跟着她，你总是想着咖啡有故事。can'thelpbutdosth．不得不做某事，只好做某事，是固定用法。故填follow。23.考查until的强调句型。句意：直到16世纪咖啡才被引进欧洲。分析句子可知，此处是not...until的强调句型，强调until引导的时间状语从句，否定词not衙提前，结构为Itwas/is+notuntil＋从句＋that＋其他。故填notuntil。24.考查形容词比较级。句意：这听起来像是咖啡文化的最新趋势，但待用咖啡比受欢迎的拿铁咖啡更暧心。根据空后的than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级形式，故填moreheartwarming。25.考查代词。句意：这一传统起源十意大利南部城市那不勒斯的一家咖啡馆，人们会提前买一两杯咖啡，为当天晚些时候衙要的人准备。分析句子可知，窄后”whoneeditlaterintheday”是一个定语从句，修饰所填词，指当天晚些时候衙要的人”，代词those符合题意。故填those。26.考查介词。句意：之后，有需要的顾客可以询问是否有待用咖啡，并免费喝t一杯热饮。结合上文“buyacuportwoofcoffeeinadvance”可知，待用咖啡已经被提前支付，所以喝待用咖啡的人不用付钱，介词without符合题意。故填without。27.考查非谓语动词。句意：也许很难想象这个想法会成为一种网络时尚，欧洲和北美的无数咖啡店都参与了这一运动。此处是with的复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语“，动词participate和宾语coffeeshops之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填participating。28.考查定语从句。句意：待用咖啡的传统在意大利由来已久，在第二次世界大战后越来越流行。分析句子司知，空处引导一个限定性定语从旬，先行词是Thetradition,关系词在从句巾仵主语，应用that或which引导，故填that或which。29.考查非谓语动词。句意：法新社上周报道，这种做法开始在其他经济遭受重创的欧洲国家流行起来。分析句子可知，空处应填非谓语动词，hit和逻辑主语counti·ies之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填hit。30.

10考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：正是在这些咖啡饥里，顾客可以问是否有待用咖啡，如果有，他们会被提供一杯饮料，这要感谢一个陌生人的好意。空前的主语they指代customers,和谓语动词supply之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态，此处可使用一般现在时或一般将来时，主语是复数人称代词，故填aresupplied或willbesupplied。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfi、omthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.EA.housingB.leisurelyC.soughtD.referenceprimarilyF.legG.windingH.wildlyI.pioneeredJ.majorK.highlight18thCenturyGrandTourofEuropeTheGrandTourbeganinthe16thcenturyandgainedpopularityduringthe17thcentury.Privileged（有特权的）youngEuropeangraduates~atrendwheretheytraveledacrossthecontinentinsearchofartandculturalexperiencesuponthe江graduation.Thispractice,whichgrewtobe~popular,becameknownastheGrandTour.Specialtyguidebooks,tourguides,andotheraspectsofthetouristindustryweredevelopedduringthistimetomeettheneedsofwealthy20-somethingmaleandfemaletravelersastheyexploredtheEuropeancontinent.Theseyoung,classically-educatedTouristswererichenoughtofundmultipleyearsabroadforthemselvesandtheytookfulladvantageofthis.Theycarriedlettersof_TI_andintroductionwiththemastheydepartedfromsouthernEnglandtocommunicatewithandlearnfrompeopletheymetinothercountries.SomeTourists~tocontinuetheireducationandbroadentheirhorizonswhileabroad,somewerejustafterfunand~travels,butmostdesiredacombinationofboth.AtypicaljourneythroughEuropewaslongand~withmanystopsalongtheway.LondonwasconunonlyusedasastartingpointandtheTourwasusuallykickedoffwithadifficulttripacrosstheEnglishChannel.Crossingthewidechannelwasandisnoteasy.17'h-and-18th-centuryTouristsriskedsea-sickness,iUness,andevenshipwreckonthisfirst~oftravel.GrandTouristswere38interestedinvisitingcitiesthatwereconsideredcentersofcultureatthetime,soParis,Rome,andVenicewerenottobemissed.TheaverageGrandTouristtraveledfromcitytocity,usuallyspendingweeksinsmallercitiesandmonthsinthethree_____l2_____ones.ThevastmajorityofTouriststookpartinsimilaractivitiesduringtheirexplorationwithartatthecenterofit

11all.OnceaTouristarrivedatadestination,hewouldlookfor_____AQ._andsettleinforanywherefromweekstomonths,evenyears.Thoughcertainlynotanoverlytryingexperienceformost,theGrandTourpresentedauniquesetofchallengesfortravelerstoovercome.【答案】31.I32.H33.D34.C35.B36.G37.F38.E39.J40.A【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是18世纪欧洲之旅。31.考查动词和时态。句意：享有特权的欧汃1年轻毕业生开创了一种趋势，他们在毕业时走遍欧洲大陆，寻找艺术和文化体验。山”atrendwheretheytraveledacrossthecontinent”可知，欧汃1年轻毕业生开创了一种趋势，空格处是“开创＇、，通篇是一般过去时，因此空格处是过去式pioneered,故选1。32.考查副词。旬意：这种做法非常受欢迎，后来被称为“大旅行”。空格处用副词修饰形容词，由后面的"becameknownastheGrandTour”可知，这种做法非常受欢迎，空格处意为“极其，非常＂，是wildly,故选H。33.考查名词。句意：他们带若推荐信和介绍信离开英格兰南部，与他们在其他阳家遇到的人交流和学习。由“lettersof''可知，空格处用名词，由“andintroduction”可知，他们带着的是推存信和介绍信，letterofreference意为“推荐信＇，因此空格处是reference,故选D。34.考查动词和时态。句意：一些游客在阳外寻求继续他们的教育和扩大他们的视野，一些人只是追求乐趣和悠闲的旅行，但大多数人希望两者的结合。山”tocontinuetheireducationandbroadentheirhorizonswhileabroad”可知，句了农示“游客在国外寻求继续他们的教育和扩大他们的视野＂，空格处意为＂寻求“，是

12seek,通篇时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式sought,故选C。35.考查形容词。句意：一些游客在国外寻求继续他们的教育和扩大他们的视野，一些人只是追求乐趣和悠闲的旅行，但大多数人希望两者的结合。空格处用形容词修饰名词travels,由前面的｀justafterfun”可知，句子表示“一些人只是追求乐趣和悠闲的旅行“，因此空格处意为＂悠闲的＂，是形容词leisurely,故选B。36.考查形容词。句意：典型的欧洲之旅漫长而曲折，沿途要停靠许多站。空格处用形容词作表语，由后面的“manystopsalongtheway”可知，句子表示“典堕的欧洲之旅漫长而曲折，沿途要停靠许多站”，空格处意为＂婉蜓曲折的＂，是winding,故选G。37.考查名词。句意：在17和18世纪，游客们冒着晕船、生病甚至海难的危险踏上了这段旅程的第一站。fll.st后跟名词的单数，由后面的“oftravel”可知，句子表示“踏上了这段旅程的第一站”，空格处意为＂（旅程或赛程的）一段，一程”，是leg,故选F。38.考查副词。句意：大游客们主要对参观当时被认为是文化中心的城市感兴趣，所以巳黎、罗马和威尼斯是不容错过的。空格处用副词修饰形容词interested,由“interestedinvisitingcitiesthatwereconsideredcentersofcultureatthetime”可知，大游客们主要对参观当时被认为是文化中心的城市感兴趣，空格处意为“主要地”，是副词primarily,故选E。39.考查形容词。句意：一般的“大游客”会从一个城市到另一个城市旅行，通常会在小城市待上几周，在三大城市待上几个月。空格处用形容词修饰代词ones,山上文的“soParis,Rome,andVenicewerenottobemissed”可知，游客在三大城市待上几个月，空格处是“大的＂，是major,故选J。40.考查名词。句意：一旦游客到达一个目的地，他会寻找住房，并在任何地方安顿下来，从几周到几个月，甚全几年。空格处用名词作宾语，由后面的“settleiI1foranywhere”可知，游客是寻找住房，空格处是“住房”，是名词housing,故选A。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

13Researchershavefoundthaturbanheatislandeffectmadeworsebysunbakedroadscanberelievedbyasimplemeasure:Paintthestreetsgray.AstudybyArizonaStateUniversityfoundthat-1.l_areflective,gray-coloredmaterialtoblackasphalt（柏油）resultedina10.5-to-12-degreeFahrenheitdropinaverageroadsurfacetemperatures.Meanwhile,sunrisetemperatures_____.1l__anaverage2.4-degreedrop.'Thisisexactlywhatwewerehopingfor,"PhoenixMayorKateGallegosaid."It'sexcitingtoseeatechnologythathasthepotentialtomeetthedemandsofagrowmgdesertcitymaworldwheretemperaturesare43nsmoExpertssayroadtemperaturesinthePhoenixareacanriseto180degreesonahotday.That-11,_energyremainsinpavedsurfacesforhours,radiatingheatbackintonighttimeair.Higherovernighttemperaturesresultinwarmermornings,creatinga~ofurbanheatislandeffect.Researchersfoundaswel)thatthegreatesttemperature-1§_wasneartheroadsurface,withlessdramaticresults6feetabovetheground.Evenso,theneighborhoodswithstreetsreflectinglightexperiencedairtemperatures0.3-to-0.5degreecoolercomparedwithneighborhoodswith-17_roads.Butreflectivepavementsdon'taffectallsurfacesthesameway.Researcherssaidthat"themostmeani.t1gfulmeasurement"wasofradianttemperatures,ameasureofhowthebody~heat.Thosemeasurementsshowedthatthe"humanexperienceofheat----1L_atnoonandtheafternoonhourswashigherduetosutfacereflectivity."It'sbeennotedthattheincreasein50temperatures"maybeanecessarytrade-off（妥协）toreducesurfacetemperaturesusingareflectivesurface."HeatherMurphy,aspokespersonfortheTransportationDepartment,saidtheresponsehasbeen51fromdriversandresidentsinneighborhoodswherethematerialisapplied."Wehavehadsomepeoplewhodon'tlikethelookofit,butgenerallytheresponsehasbeenvery52',Still,officialscautionedthatreflectivepavementisnotaremedyfortheurbanheatislandeffect.“Ifyou'restandingoverthesesurfacesonahotday,~you'restillgoingtobehotifyou'renotintheshade,"saidJenniferVanos,anassistantprofessoratArizonaStateUniversity."Soifwereallywantto54truesolutions,it'snotgoingtobejustpaintingallthestreetsgray."Asecondphaseofthestudywillexaminequestionsabouthowthematerialperformsunderdifferent-52_,includingchangesinreflectivity,degradationandsubsurfacetemperatureoverlongerperiods.41.A.applyingB.stickingC.approachingD.contributing42.A.occurredB.provedC.turnedD.saw

1443.A.efficientlyB.constantlyC.technicallyD.specifically44.A.generatedB.heatedC.absorbedD.calculated45.A.cycleB.declineC.sampleD.variety46.A.balanceB.controlC.differenceD.equality47.A.gray-paintedB.light-coloredC.black-toppedD.dry-surfaced48.A.reflectsB.transmitsC.resistsD.experiences49.A.extentB.exposureC.absorptionD.endurance50.A.feltB.heatedC.storedD.needed51.A.instantB.all-sidedC.objectiveD.mixed52.A.optimisticB.positiveC.pessimisticD.obvious53.A.infactB.asaresultC.ontheotherhandD.foronething54.A.putdownB.holdupC.pushtowardD.takeback55.A..vvaarinationsB.conditionsC.circulationsD.investigations【答案】41.A42.D43.B44.C45.A46.C47.C48.D49.B50.A51.D52.B53.A54.C55.B【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，一个简单的方法可以缓解因道路被晒伤而加剧的城市热岛效应一把街道涂成灰色。

1541.考杳动词词义辨析。句意：亚利桑那州立大学的一项研究发现，在黑色沥省上涂上一种反光的灰色材料，会导致平均路面温度下降10.5到12华氏度。A.applying涂，应用，申请；B.stic灼ng刺入，粘住：C.approaching接近：D.contributing捐献。固定搭配：apply...to“把．．．．涂到．．．上“。故选A。42.考查动词词义辨析。句怠：与此同时，日出时的温度平均下降了2.4度。A.occurred发生；B.proved证明；C.turned使变成；D.saw目i者，看见。此处指“目睹”了温度的下降。故选D。43.考查副词词义辨析。句意：在一个气温不断上升的世界里，看到一项有潜力满足日益增长的沙漠城市的面求的技术是令人兴奋的。A.efficiently高效地；B.constantly持续不断地；C.technically技术上；D.specifically专门地。根据下文“ExpertssayroadtemperaturesinthePhoenixareacanriseto180degreesonahotday.“可知，此处指温度“持续不断地”上升。故选B。44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：被吸收的能量会在铺好的地面上停留数小时，将热量辐射回夜间的空气中。A.generated产生，引发；B.heated加热；C.absorbed吸收；D.calculated计算，估计。根据下文“remainsinpavedsurfacesforhours,radiatingheatbackintonighttimeair",可知此处指”被吸收的“能证。故选C。45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：夜间较高的温度会导致早展更温暖，从而形成城市热岛效应的循环。A.cycle循环；B.decline减少，衰退；C.sample样品；D.variety种类。根据上文”+ligherovernighttemperaturesresultinwarmermornings",可知，形成城市热岛效应的＂循环＂。故选A。46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员还发现，最大的温差发生在靠近路面的地方，距离地面6英尺的地方溫差较小。A.balance平衡；B.control控制；C.difference区分，不同；D.equality平等。根据下文"neartheroadsurface,withlessdramaticresults6feetabovetheground.“可知，此处指最大“温差＂。故选C。47.考查形容词词义辨析。勺意：即便如此，那些街道反光的礼区的空气温度要比那些街道是黑漆漆的礼区低0.3至0.5度。A.gray-p础nted灰漆；B.Light-colored颜色浅的；C.black-topped漆黑的；D.dry-surfaced表面T的。根据空前“theneighborhoodswithstreetsreflectinglightexperiencedairtemperatures0.3-to-0.5degreecoolercomparedwithneighborhoods",可知此处是与黑漆漆社区温度的比较，也就是指黑色吸热。故选C。

1648.考杳动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员表示，＇最有意义的测景”是辐射溫度，这是一种测景人体如何感受到热证的方法。A.reflects反射；B.transmjts播送：C.resists抵制；D.experiences体验。根据下文“humanexperienceofheat",可知，此处指人体感受热兄的方法。故选D。49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些刹量结果表明，“巾千地表反射率，人类在中午和下午几个小时慕露在高温下的体验更商。“A.extent程度，范围；B.exposure暴露，接触；C.absorption吸收，吸纳；D.endurance待久力。根据下文“atnoonandtheafternoonhourswashigherduetosurfacereflectivity",可知，此处指暴露”在高温下的体验。故选B。50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人指出，感觉温度的增加“可能是使用反射表面来降低表面温度的一种必要的权衡。A.felt感觉：B.heated加热；C.stored储存：D.needed需要。根据下文“maybeanecessary廿ade-off（妥协）toreducesurfacetemperaturesusingareflectivesmface”可知，此处指对温度增加的“感觉＂。故选A。51.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：交通部发言人希瑟·墨菲(HeatherMurphy)说，使用这种材料的社区的司机和居民对此反应不一。A.instant立刻的；B.all-sided全面的；C.objective客观的；D.mixed复杂的，混合的。根据下文”,fromdriversandresidentsinneighborhoodswherethematerialisapplied",可知，此处指司机和居民对此反应“小一“。故选D。52.考查形容词词义辨析。句总：我们有一些人不喜欢它的外观，但总的来说反应是非常积极的。Aoptimistic乐观的；B.posilive积极的；C.pessimistic悲观的；D.obvious明显的。根据上文的“Wehavehadsomepeoplewhodon'tlikethelookofit,but...",可知，句中的but表示转折，说明反应是“积极的“。故选B。53.考查短语辨析。句，森：如果你在炎热的天气站在这些表面上，事实上，如果你不在阴凉处，你仍然会觉得热。A.infact事实上；8.asaresult结果；C.ontheotherhand另一方面；D.foronething首先，一方面。根据空后”you'restillgoingtobehotifyou'renotintheshade,“可知，此处指的是”事实”。故选A。54.考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以如果我们真的想要推动真正的解决方案，它不会只是把所有的街迫涂成灰色。A.putdown放下，记下；B.holdup举起，阻挡；C.pushtoward推进；D.takeback收回。根据下

17文“truesolutions,it'snotgoingtobejustpaintingallthestreetsgray.“可知，此处指“推进“解决方案。故选C。55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究的第二阶段将考察材料在不同条件下的性能，包括反射率、降解和地下温度在较长时间内的变化。A.variations变奏曲；B.conditions条件，状况；C.circulations流通，循环；D.investigations调查。根据下文“includingchangesinreflectivity,degradationandsubsurfacetemperatureoverlongerperiods.“可知，此处指在不同的＂条件下”。故选B。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)TheemployeesatHelwigCarbonProductsinMilwaukeehavetheii·owncompanycafeteriaonasite,ararityitseemsmoreandmorethesedays.Butifanyonewantstoeatadoughnut（甜甜圈），it'sgoingtocosttwiceasmuchaswhattheymightpayforthesweetatthelocalgrocerystore.That'sbecauseHelwigCarbonProductshasawellnessprogram,anditisoneofmanylocalcompaniestryingtoshowemployeeshowtoeathealthier."We'rereallytryingtopersuadepeopletoeathealthier,"saidCherylBrah,humanresourcesdirectoratHelwigCarbonProducts."Apieceoffruitis25cents;adoughnutis$1.50—andwestillhavepeoplewhobuydoughnuts.Peoplecomplain—butwereallytrytoputoureffortstowardthemiddle-of-the-linepeoplewhomightleanmoretowardthewellnessside,eventually."Thiseffortisn'tjusthappeningatHelwigCarbon.Therehasbeenacity-widemovementof44localcompanieswhoaddedorevolvedtheirhealthandwellnessprogramstotheircompanyculture,andbecauseofitMilwaukeeisnownationallyrecognizedforalargenumberofbusinesseswithwellnessprograms.Itallstartedseveralyearsago,whenaprogramcalledWellCityMilwaukeeteamedupwith44localbusinessesthatcollectivelyrepresentaworkforceof130,000employees.WellCityMilwaukeeprovidedhealthypracticesguidelinesforbusinesses.Inexchange,itsurveyedtheemployeestofindoutwhattheirhealthneedsandriskswereandwhatactivitiestheyfoundinteresting.WellCitythensetaveryhighbarforcompaniestomeetalotofexpectationstobeconsideredatopwellnessprogramCompaniesneededacomnutmentfromtheCEO;toformawellnessteam;tocollectinformationfromtheemployeesinsurveysandhealthassessments;tocomeupwithanoperatingplan;tocreateasupportive

18environment;toself-evaluatetheireff011s;andfinalJy,tochoosetheirbestapproaches.Thatmeantcomingupwithactivities,betternutritioneducation,andmotivationalprogramslikegettingpeopletoquitsmoking,gettingpeopleinformedicalself-careandworkingonstressmanagement.56.Whatdoesthepassagemainlywanttotellus?A.Companycafeteriasarerarerandrarerthesedays.B.Ahealthydietisespeciallyimportanttopeople'shealth.C.Companycultureisgainingpriorityinacompany'sdevelopment.D.CompaniesaretryingtohelptheiI·employeesthinkabouttheirhealth.57.Thecompanycafeteriachargesmuchmorefordoughnutsinorderto_.A.driveemployeestothelocalgrocerystoreB.showtherichingredientsofthedoughnutsC.profitmorefromthewellnessprogt·amD.discouragethepurchaseofunhealthyfood58."Themiddle-of-the-linepeople"inParagraph2refertothosewho_.A.areneutralaboutwhattoeatB.areusedtocuttinginlinewhenbuyingfoodC.areaddictedtosweetfoodD.aremiddle-agedandhavehealthproblems59.AccordingtoWellCityMilwaukee'srequirements,atopwellnessprogramofacompanyshould_.A.motivateitsemployeestocooperatewitheachotherB.diagnoseandtreatitsemployees'diseaseseffectivelyC.initiaterelatedactivitiesbasedontheiremployees'needsD.prohibititsCEOfromputtinganypressureonitsemployees【答案】56.D57.D58.A59.C【分析】密尔沃基市泭尔威格碳制品公司现在有大量拥有健康项目，它是许多试图向员工展示如何吃得更健康的当地公司之一，得到了全国的认可。44家当地公司在全市范围内开展了一项运动，他们在公司文化中加入或发展了健康和健康项目，公司正试图帮助他们的员工考虑他们的健康。

1956.主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“toffonnawellnessteam;tocollectinfom1ationfromtheemployeesinsurveysandhealthassessments;tocomeupwithanoperatingplan;tocreateasupporliveenvironment;toself-evaluatetheirefforts;andfinally,tochoosetheirbestapproaches.（组建健康团队；在调查和健康评估中收集员工的信息；想出一个操作计划；创造一个支持性的环境，自我评价自己的努力；最后，选择他们最好的方法。）”结合上文可知，本文主要是介绍了公司正努力帮助员工考虑他们的健康问题，所以D选项“Companiesaretryingtohelptheiremployeesthinkabouttheirhealth（公司正试伤帮助他们的员工考虑他们的健康。）为本文主要大意。故选D项。57.推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句“Peoplecomplain—butwereallytrytoputoureffortstowardthemiddle-of-the-linepeoplewhomightleanmoretowardthewellnessside,eventually.（人们会抱怨，但我们真的试图把我们的努力放在对吃什么待中立态度的人身上，他们最终可能更倾向千健康的一方。）”可以推知，提高甜甜圈的定价，是为了让人们不去买不健康的食物，从而购买健康食品，D选项“discouragethepurchaseofunhealthyfood（不鼓励购买不健康食品）”为正确意图。故选D项。58.词句猜测题。根据第二段最后一句该词后面的定语从句“whomightleanmoretowardthewellnessside,eventually.（他们最终可能更倾向T健康的一为）”可知，划线词是指叩临选择的人，可选健康也可选不健康食物的中立态度者，所以A选项“areneutralaboutwhattoeat（对吃什么持中立态度）”为相近意思。故选A项。59.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段砐后三句“WellCityMilwaukeeprovidedhealthypracticesguidelinesforbusinesses.Inexchange,itsurveyedtheemployeestofindoutwhattheirhealthneedsandriskswereandwhatactivitiestheyfoundinteresting.WellCitythenselaveryhighb釭forcompaniestomeetalotofexpectationstobeconsideredatopwellnessprogram.（密尔沃基市为企业提供了健康的做法指导。作为交换，它调查了员工，了解他们的健康而求和风险，以及他们感兴趣的活动。嗯，WellCity为公司设定了很高的标准，以满足很多人的期望，从而被认为是一个顶级的健康项目。）”可知，C选项”in..itiat．erelatedactivitiesbasedontheiremployees'needs（根据员工的需要发起相关的活动）”为顶级的健康项目标准。故选C项。(B)HistoricRoyalPalace-TowerofLondonOnthebanksofLondon'sAsecurecastleBeamazed

20RiverThamesisaninfamouscastle.bytheCrownJewels,theOnyourvisityouwilldiscovernation'streasuresstoredwithinsurprisingstoriesofkings,queenstheseheavilydefendedwalls.andcriminalplots.TheTowerofThesepricelesssymbolsofLondonisa1,000-year-oldcastlethatroyaltyarestillusedbykingsprotectstheCrownJewels.Kingsandandqueenstodayforstatequeensdemonstratedtheirpowerfromoccas1ons.here,shapingsocietyandinfluencingAroyalpalaceourcountry.MeettheYeomanSeewonderfuldisplaysofarms,Warders,popularlycalledwhichweremadeandstoredinthis'Beefeaters'.Theyliveheresecuretower.StepintotheluxuriousandhaveguardedtheTowerforpalaceofkingsandqueensinhistory,hundredsofyears.Joil1themdesignedasaplacetoliveandmle.forafreeguidedtouroftheExplorethespaceswherefamousTower,startingevery30prisonerswerekeptanddiscovertheminutes.drawingstheyleftbehind500yearsAninfamousprisonago.FindtheplaceswhereBookonlineatadiscountatpeoplewereimprisonedhr~r.awaitingtrialorpunishment.Discoverwherekings,queensandreligiouscri1ninalswerelockedaway,andwherethreeEnglishqueenswerekilled.GiftshopsOurfantasticshopsOpeningtimesOpendailysellawiderangeofwonderfulbooks,(except24-26DecandlJan)giftsandsouvenirssoyoucan1Nov—28Febrememberyourday.Tue—Sat09:00—16:30GreatfoodSun-Mon10:00-16:30Enjoyatastyhome-cookedmeal(Lastadmission-16:00)

21attheNewArmouriesCafeinsidethe1Mar-31OctTower,orstreetfoodandadrinkonTue—Sat09:00-17:30thewharfoutsidetheTower'sSun-Mon10:00-17:30entrance.Drinkateaorcoffeeinside(Lastadmission—17:00)attheRaven'sKioskandbuyacoldAllowatleast2-3hoursdrinkoricecreamattheJewelKiosk.foryourvisit.EatinstyleatthePerkinRevellerHowtogethereoverlookingtheriver.TowerofLondon,AudioguidesLondon,EC3N4ABDiscovertheTowerwithanaudioUnderground:TowerHillguideandexperiencefiveexperttours.DLR:TowerGatewayTrain:FenchurchStreetandLondonBridgeBus:J5,42,78,100andRVlRiverboat:TowerPierSightseeingbuses:includedinallmajortours60.TheTowerofLondonplayedseveralrolesinhistoryEXCEPT_.A.asafecastle.B.anarmsstorage.C.aninfamousjail.D.a1nilitarybase.61.Whichoft11efollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.VisitorsshouldgetoffatTowerHilliftheytakeatraintotheTower.B.Touristscanenjoydelicioushome-cookedmealinsidetheTower.C.VisitorsareallowedtoentertheTowerat16:30onDec26.D.TouristsareunlikelytoappreciateroyaltreasuresintheTower.62.Accordingtothepassage,visitorstotheTowerofLondoncan_.A.nolongerseethekingusingtheCrownJewels.B.bookticketstosavemoneyontheofficialwebsite.

22C.applyforthepermissionofextendingvisitinghours.D.paytobetterenjoythetourwiththeYeomanWarders.【答案】60.D61.B62.B【分析】这是一篇应用文。文草主要介绍了伦敦塔的参观事项，伦敦塔在历史t的作用、参观特色以及时间安排等信息。60.细节理解题。根据文章中“Seewonderfuldisplaysofanns,whichweremadeandstoredinthissecuretower.（石看这些陈列在这个安全塔里的武器）”以及小标题“Asecurecastle;Aninfamousp门son（一个安全的城堡；一个臭名昭著的监狱）“可知，伦敦塔在历史上扮演了安全的城堡、武器仓库和臭名昭著的监狱等角色，除了D选项“军事基地”。故选D。61.细节理解题。根据Greatfood部分中“Enjoyatastyhome-cookedmealattheNewArmouriesCafeinsidetheTower,orstreetfoodandadrinkonthewharfoutsidetheTower'sentrance.（在塔内新开的NewArmouries咖啡馆享受一顿美味的家常菜，或者在塔入门外的码头上品尝街头小吃和饮料）”可知，B选项“游客司以在塔内享受美味的家常菜“正确。故选B。62.细节理解题。根据文中“Bookonlineatadiscountathrp.org.uk/tower（在hrp.org.uk/tower打折在线预订）”可知，去伦敦塔的游客为了省钱，可以在官方网站上订票。故选B。(C)Thetwo-hourshowonMarch25,2019putonbyTimCookmayberememberedasamilestoneforthecompany-andtheentertainmentindustry.Mr.Cookdidnotannouncehiscompany'slatestdevice.Instead,heunveiledasetofproductsandservices,includingvideostreaming,newsgamesandevenacreditcardApple's900millioniPhonesworldwidegrantitaccesstoamassivepotentialaudience.AnalystsspeculatethatApplewilleventuallyofferthemsomethingsimilartoAmazonPrime,wherecustomerspayafixedmonthlyfeeforsomecombinationofnews,games,cloudstorage,musicandvideo,andwhichcouldpossiblyconnectwiththecompany'siPhonesubscriptions.AppleTV+,whichgotprioritizedbyMr.Cook,willofferoriginalprogramminginmorethan100countriesThemoneyAppleplanstospendonoriginalshows-perhaps$1billionto$2billionthusfar-is~bythat

23ofNettlix,whichwillspendasmuchas$15billionthisyearonoriginalandlicensedcontent,orDisney,whoseownvideo-streamingisexpectedshortly.ButApple'shigh-profileshowsarefornowmeantchieflytodrawcustomerstoitsuniverseofappsandservices.Thatincludessubscriptionservicesforgames,alonglistofbigAmericanmagazinesandafewnewspapers.YoucanpayforitallusingyournewAppleCard,developedwithbankersatGoldmanSachs.ThecreditcardputsAppleindirectcompetitionwithbanks:ithasnofeesandwillgiveusers2%cashbackonpurchasesmadeviaApplePay,thecompany'spaymentssystem-or3%onpurchasesofApplekitandservice.AlthoughApplecontinuestoearnmostofitsmoneyfromdevices,itsbusinessinservicesisgrowingquickly,accountingfornearly$40billionofrevenuesof$266billionin2018.Thenewsubscriptionoffering,whichiseasiertoclickandbuythantheirpredecessors,shouldacceleratethattrend.Itsnewpartnershopetobealongfortheride.AnalystsatGoldmanSachsestimatedthatApplemayturn10%ofthe85血IlionmonthlyusersofitsfreeNewsappintopayingsubscribers,winingacutofnewspaperandTVsubscriptionssoldthroughitsservices.Somecontentprovidersarecautious.TheNewYorkTin1esandTheWashingtonPosthaverejectedApple'sadvancesonbehalfofitsnewsservice.NettlixandDisneywillnottakepartinAppleTV+,whichtheyviewasmoreatlu·eatthananopportunity.63.Theunderlinedword~inparagraph3mostprobablymeans_.A.madetoappearinsignificantB.reducedtoagreatextentC.limitedtoafixedscaleD.growntoits扣IIpotential64.WecaninferfromthearticlethatA.Appleinvestedheavilyinitsentertainn1entservicesalongwithitslatestdevicesB.AppleCardmaybefavouredbecauseitoffersdiscountsonpurchasesofAppleproductsC.ThepopularityofAppledevicesmaybringforthhugeprofitpotentialsinitsnewserviceD.Apple'snewmoveisseenasanopportunityaswellasathreatbyitscompetitors65.Whatismostlikelytobefurtherdiscussedifthearticlecontinues?A.WhatactionApplemighttaketoattractpotentialsubscribers.B.Whomightgainhugebenefits什omApple'snewservice.C.HowGoldmanSachswonthesupportfromMr.TimCook.D.WhysomecompaniesarealerttoApple'sstrategychanges.66.Whatisthebesttitleforthis釭ticle?A.TechGiantAppleStagesNewMovesB.AGreatChallengetotheEntertainmentIndustry

24C.TheEntertainmentIndustryCallsforCooperationD.ANewBottleneckforTechGiantApple【答案】63.A64.C65.D66.A【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了苹果公司推出一系列产品和服务，包括在线视频播放、新闻游戏，甚至还有信用卡。分析了这一举措可能带来的影响以及其他公司对此的态度。63.词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“ThemoneyAppleplanstospendonoriginalshows-perhaps$1billionto$2billionthusfar”以及后文“Netflix,whichwillspendasmuchas$15billionthisyearonoriginalandlicensedcontent“可知，苹果计划花在原创节目上的10亿到20亿美元的花费一与Netflix花费150亿美元在原创和授权内容上相比，显得微不足道。画线词意思为”显得微不足道”。故选A。64.推理判断题。根据第二段中“Apple's900millioniPhonesworldwidegrantitaccesstoamassivepotentialaudience.（苹果在全球拥有9亿部iphone,这让它能够接触到大笠潜在用户）“倒数第二段巾“AlthoughApplecontinuestoearnmostofitsmoneyfromdevices,itsbusinessinservicesisgrowingquickly,accountingfornearly$40billionofrevenuesof$266billionin2018.Thenewsubscriptionoffering,whichiseasiertoclickandbuythantheirpredecessors,shouldacceleratethattrend.（尽管苹果的大部分收入继续来自设备，但其服务业务正在迅速增长，2018年的营收为2660亿美元，其中近400亿美元来自服务。新的订阅服务比之前的订阅服务更容易点击和购买，应该会加速这一趋势）“以及“AnalystsatGoldmanSachsestimatedthatApplemayturnl0%ofthe85millionmonthlyusersofitsfreeNewsappintopayingsubscribers,winingacutofnewspaperandTYsubscriptionssoldthroughitsservices.（高盛分析师估计，苹果可能会将其免费新闻应用8500万月度用户中的10％转变为付费用户，并从通过其服务出售的报纸和电视订阅中获得分成）”可推知，苹果设备的普及可能为其新服务带来巨大的和润潜力。故选C。65.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Somecontentprovidersarecautious.TheNewYorkTimesandTheWashingtonPosthaverejectedApple'sadvancesonbehalfofitsnewsservice.NettlixandDisneywillnottakepartinAppleTV+,whichtheyviewasmoreathreatthananopportunity.（一些内容提供商则持谨慎态度。《纽约时报》和《华盛顿邮报》代表其新闻服务部门拒绝了苹果的要求。Net小x和迪士尼不会参与AppleTV+，他们认为这更多是一种威胁，而非机遇）”可推知，如果这篇文章继续下去，最有可能进一步讨论为什么一些公司

25对苹果的战略变化待谨慎态度。故选D。66.主旨大意题。根据第一段'Thetwo-hourshowonMarch25,2019putonbyTimCookmayberememberedasamilestoneforthecompany-andtheentertainmentindustry.Mr.Cookdidnotannouncehiscompany'slatestdevice.Instead,heunveiledasetofproductsandservices,includingvideostreaming,newsgamesandevenacreditcard.(2019年3月25门，TimCook主持的这场两小时展示会可能会被铭记为该公司一以及娱乐业的里程碑。Cook没有宣布公司的最新产品。相反，他推止了一系列产品和服务，包括在线视频播放、新闻游戏，甚至还有信用卡）“结合文汽主要介绍了苹果公司推出一系列产品和服务，包括在线视频播放、新闻游戏，甚至还有信用长。分析了这一举措可能带来的影响以及其他公司对此的态度。可知，A选项“科技巨头苹果公司推出新举措＂符合文章标题。故选A。SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.TheRiseofMicrochippingOnAugustl,2017,workersatThreeSquareMarket,acompanyspecializinginvendingmachines,linedupintheofficecafeteriatobeimplantedwithmicrochips.Oneafteranother,小eyheldoutahandtoatattooistwhopushedarice-grainsizedimplantintothefleshbetween小eirthumbandforefinger.Thegroupimplantevent,organizedbycompanymanagement,fittedintoThreeSquareMarket'slonger-termvisionofacashlesspaymentsystemfortheirvendingmachines—workplacesnackspurchasedwithaflickofthewrist.Thetelevised"chippingparty"waspickedupbymediaoutletsfromMoscowtoSydney.__f[J_Aftertheevent,ThreeSquareMarket'sGooglereviewspagewasfloodedwithone-st缸ratings.ForJowanOsterlund,whosecompanyBiohaxprovided小eservice,microchipimplantswerenotradicalorevennovel.Hehaslivedwi小oneforyearsandhasimplantedhundredsofotheryoung,tech-savvy（技术大咖）Swedes._@__Theyhaveusedthe订implantstogainaccesstotheirco-workingspaces,payforgymmembership,andeventoridethetrain.Butarethepeopleof小eworldreadyfortechnologytostartgettingundertheirskin?Microchipimplantsareessentiallycylindrical（长圆形的）barcodesthat,whenscanned,tran皿ntitauniquesignalthroughalayerofskin.____Q2_Today,Biohaxisaimingtosimplifyidentityandaccessinthedigitalworld,offeringareplacementtotheseeminglyendlesscollectionofpasswords,keys,ticketsandcardstl1atclutterourlives.Jowan'sfriendHannesS」obladhashisownmicrochip-focusedbusiness.Hebelievesthatbyplacinga

26deviceunder小eskin,insteadofwearingitlikeaFitbit,datacollectionwillbegreatlyimprovedButUrsGasseratHarvardUniversitybelievesthatextendingbeyondtheSwedishtech-hubenvironmenttoabroadermarketwillbelegallyandmorallydifficult.1nhisview,T缸eeSquareMarket'schippingeventactuallysymbolizestheimbalancesofpowerintheworkplace.Areyouapersonbeingpaidforyourwork,orareyouthepropertyof小ecompanyyouworkfor?IfeomaAjunwaatCornellUniversityaddsthatitiscrucialtoconsidertheimplicationsofiliistechnologyinthecontextofincreasingworkersurveillance（管制）．1Q__Thisseemstoblurthelinebetweenworkandfamilylife,"shesaid.A.Microchipswilldeepenthisdynamic,asthey"literallygowiththeworkerwhenevertheygo".B.Chipping,thereby,hassweptacrosstheglobewithitsmagneticappeal.C.NotaJIoftheattentionwaspositive,however.D.Mostly,theyhavebeenusedtoorganizewarehousesoridentifylostpets.E.Conqueredbythe"almighty"microchips,workersmaynolongerbethe订ownmasters.F.Forthiscommunity,thechipsignifiesanall-in-onecombinationofbiologyandtechnology.【答案】67.C68.F69.D70.A【分析】这是一篇说明文。文东讲述了微芯片的兴起标志若生物学和技术的一体化的结合，对千人们未来的生活影响深远。67.根据十文“Thetelevised"chippingparty"waspickedupbymediaoutletsfromMoscowtoSydney（从莫斯科到悉尼，各大媒体都报道了这场”芯片派对“)”可知，媒体对这场芯片派对进行了报迫。根据下文“Aftertheevent,Tl订eeSquareMarket'sGooglereviewspagewasfloodedwithone-st釭ratings（活动结束后，Tlu·eeSquareMarket的谷歌评论页面充斥茩一星评级）”可知，这场活动的效果不好。山此可知，C.Notalloftheattentionwaspositive,however.（然而，并非所有的关注都是正面的）承上启下，符合语境。故选C。68.根据上文“Hehaslivedwithoneforyearsandhasimplantedhundredsofotheryoung,tech-savvy（技术大咖）Swedes（他植入一个芯片多年f,数百名年轻的、精通科技的瑞典人也植入了芯片）”和下文“Theyhaveusedthe订implantstogainaccesstotheirco-workingspaces,payforgymmembership,andeventoridethetrain.

27（他们用柏入物来获得共享办公空间，支付健身房会员费，甚至坐火车）”可知，JowanOsterlund对千芯片植入很有经验，这里谈的是对千植入芯片的人群来说，把生物学和科技联系在了一起。由此可知，F.Forthiscommunity,thechipsignifiesanall-in-onecombinationofbiologyandtechnology（对这个社区来说，芯片意味着牛物和技术的一体化）承上启下，符合语境，选项中thiscommunity承接上文，anall-in-onecombinationofbiologyandtechnology引起下文。故选F。69.根据上文“Microchipimplant<,areessentiallycylindrical（长圆形的）barcodesthat,whenscanned,transrrutauniquesignalthroughalayerofskin（芯片柏入物本质上是圆柱形条形码，当扫描时，通过一层皮肤传输独特的信号）”和下文“Today,Biohaxisairrungtosimplifyidentityandaccessinthedigitalworld,oft、eringareplacementtotheseeminglyendlesscollectionofpasswords,keys,ticketsandcardsthatclutterourlives（今天，和ohax的目标是简化数字世界的身份和访问，提供一种替代似乎尤穷无尽的密砃、钥匙、栗和卡的收集，使我们的生活凌乱不堪）“可知，这里谈的是微芯片的用途。由此可知，D.Mostly,theyhavebeenusedtoorgaruzewarehousesoridentifylostpets.（大多数悄况下，它们被用来忤理仓库或识别丢失的宠物）也是讲微芯片的用途，符合木段语境。故选D。70.根据上文“IfeomaAjunwaatCornellUniversityaddsthatitiscrucialtoconsidertheimplicationsoftrustechnologyinthecontextofincreasingworkersurveillance（管制）（康奈尔大学(CornellUniversity)的lfeoma勾unwa补充说，在加强工人监控的背景下考虑这项技术的影响至关重要）”可知，下文谈的应该是这项技术对管理上人的意义。由此可知，A.Microchipswilldeepentl1isdynamic,asthey"literallygowiththeworkerwhenevertheygo”（微芯片将深化这种动态，囚为它们“实际上是随员工走的＂）符合语境，其巾出现的worker屈丁原词复现。故选A。IV.SummaryWriting71.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.HowthesmartphoneaffectedteensSomeparentsnughtworryabouttheirteensspendingsomuchtimeontheirphonesbecauseitrepresentsacompletedeparturefromhowtheyspenttheirownadolescence.Butspendingthismuchtimeonscreensisnotjustdifferent—inmanyways,it'sactuallyworse.Spendinglesstimewithfriendsmeanslesstjmetodevelopsocialskills.A20L4studyfoundthatsixthgraderswhospentjustfivedaysatacampwithoutusingscreensendedthetimebetteratreadingemotionsonothers'faces,suggestingthatteens'screen-filledlivesmightcausetheirsocialskillstodecline.

28Inaddition,teensusingsmartphonesreadbooks,magazinesandnewspapersmuchlessthanpreviousgenerationsdidasteens:IntheannualMonitoringtheFuturesurvey,thepercentageofhighschoolseniorswhoreadanon-requiredbookormagazinenearlyeverydaydroppedfrom60percentin1980toonly16percentin2015.Collegeteacherstellmethatstudentshavemoretroublereadinglongertextpassages,andrarelyreadtherequiredtextbooks.Thisisn'ttosaythatteenswhousesmartphonesdon'thavealotgoingforthem.Theyarephysicallysaferandmoretolerantthanpreviousgenerationswere.Theyalsoseemtohavemorerealisticexpectationsthantheirparentsdidatthesameage.Butthesmartphonethreatenstodisturbthembeforetheyevengetstarted.Tobeclear,moderatesmaitphoneuse—uptoanhouraday—isnotlinkedtomentalhealthissues.However,mostteensareontheirphonesmuchmorethanthat.Somewhattomysurprise,theteensIinterviewedsaidtheywouldratherseetheirfriendsinpersonthancommunicatewiththemusingthe订phones.Parentsusedtoworryabouttheirteensspendingtoomuchtimewiththeirfriends—theywereadistraction,abadinfluence,awasteoftime.Butitmightbe」ustwhatteensneed.【答案】Teens'spendingtoomuchtimeonsmartphonesaffectedtheirdevelopmentandcausedparents'worry.Studiesfoundusingsmartphonesmightpreventteensdevelopingsocialskillsandreadingabilities.Butteensusingsmartphonesproperly扣ephysicallysafer,moretolerantandrealistic,andmoderatesm缸tphoneusehasnoconnectionwithmentalhealthproblems.Actually,teenspreferface-to-facecommunicationwiththeirfriends.(58words)【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，青少年花太多时间在智能手机上影响了他们的发展，引起了父母的扣心。研究发现使用智能手机可能会阻碍青少年发展礼交技能和阅读能力。但正确使用智能手机的青少年在身体上更安全，更宽容，更现实，适度使用智能手机与心理健康问题没有关系。实际上，音少年更喜欢与朋友面对面的交流。【详解】l要点摘录(DSomeparentsmightworryabouttheirteensspendingsomuchtimeontheirphonesbecauseitrepresentsacompletedeparturefromhowtheyspenttheirownadolescence.@A2014studyfoundthatsixthgraderswhospentjustfivedaysatacampwithoutusingscreensendedthetimebetteratreadingemotionsonothers'faces,suggestingthatteens'screen-filledlivesmightcausetheirsocials灼Jlstodecline.@Theyarephysicallysaferandmoretolerantthanpreviousgenerationswere.Theyalsoseemtohavemore

29realisticexpectationsthantheirp打entsdidatthesameage.@Tobeclear,moderatesmartphoneuse-uptoanhouraday一isnotlinkedtomentalhealthissues.@Somewhattomysurprise,theteensIinterviewedsaidtheywouldratherseetheirfriendsinpersonthancommunicatewiththemusingtheirphones.2镇密构思将第l、2、5三个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。3遣词造句Teens'spendingtoomuchtimeonsmartphonesaffectedtheirdevelopmentandcausedparents'worry.Studiesfoundusingsmartphonesmightpreventteensdevelopingsocialskillsandreadingabilities.Butteensusingsmaitphonesproperlyarephysicallysafer,moretolerantandrealistic,andmoderatesmartphoneusehasnoconnectionwithmentalhealthproblems.Actually,teenspreferface-to-facecommunicationwiththeirfriends.【点睛】［高分句型l]Teens'spendingtoomuchtimeonsmartphonesaffectedtheirdevelopmentandcausedparents'worry．运用主语部分的复合结构将第一段中音少年玩手机的现象表达了出来，结合谓语affect和宾语development,以及并列句中谓语cause和宾语parents'worry完整地概括出第一段内容。其中动名词的复合结构和并列谓语表达高级。［高分句型2]:Butteensusingsmartphonesproperlyarephysicallysafer,moretolerant叨drealistic,andmoderatesmartphoneusehasnoconnectionwithmentalhealthproblems.用并列连词and连接两个句子对第四、五段进行了概括，言简意骸。V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.72.意外在所难免，一个人必须学会几项求生技能。(incase)（汉译英）【答案】Oneshouldlearnseveral/someskillstosurviveincaseofsomethingunexpected.Oneshouldlearnseveral/someskillstosurviveincasesomethingunexpectedoccurs.【详解】考查状语从句，情态动词和动词。分析句子可知，旬子用一般现在时。主句是“一个人必须学会几项求生技能“，主语“一个人＂译为one,should“应该；必须＂，接动词原形”leam学会”作诮语；宾语“求生技能”译为“s耟IItosurvive",由severa]或some修饰用复数。”意外在所难免“用incase引导的目的状诏从句，或者incaseof短语；“意外的事情”译为“somethingunexpected";“发生”译文occur,主语是不定代词，谓语动词用单数。故译为Oneshouldteamseveral/someskillstosurviveincaseofsomethingunexpected.One

30shouldlearnseveral/someskillstosurviveincasesomethingunexpectedoccurs.73.身处逆境时要处乱不惊，越怕越糟糕。(themore)（汉译英）【答案】Themorefeaiful/frightenedyouare,theworsethesituationwillbe,sokeepcalmandthinksoundly/wiselywhenyouareintrouble.Keepcalmandthinksoundly/wiselywhenyouai·eintrouble,becausethemorefearful/frightenedyouare,theworsethesituationwillbe.【分析】【详解】考查形容词比较级和时间状语从句。该句是并列连词so连接的并列句，前一个分句含固定句型：“The+比较级，the＋比较级”表示“越．．．，越．．”;后一分句含when引导的时间状语从句，且主句是祈使句，从句用一般将来时。或者含because引导的原因状语从句。再根据所给汉语可知答案为Themorefearful/frightenedyouare,theworsethesituationwillbe,sokeepcalmandtl1inksoundly/wiselywhenyouareint:J·ouble．或Keepcalmandthinksoundly/wiselywhenyouareintrouble,becausethemorefearful/frightenedyou打e,theworsethesituationwillbe.74.难怪人们说”到上海不去豫匠就不算去过上海'。(wonder)（汉译英）【答案】NowonderthatpeoplesaythatthosewhohavevisitedShanghaibutmissedYuG缸dencannotclain沁aythattheyhavebeentothecity.Nowonderpeoplesaythatnoonecanclaim/saythathehasbeento/visitedShanghai,ifhemissedYuGarden/ifhehasn'tbeento/visitedYuGarden.【详解】考查动词时态、定语从句和名词性从句。句意：难怪人们说”到上海不去豫匝就不算去过上海'。Nowonder难怪；people人们；say说；those那些；whohavevisitedShanghaibutmissedYuGarden到过上沟不去豫园的人；cannotclairn/say不能说；theyhavebeentothecity他们去过上海。分析句了结构，除了定语从句中的调语动词havevisited和missed,句子中还有四处诮语动词nowonder、say、cannotcla血say、havebeento,因此可以处理为三个宾话从句，nowonde1后面面用that引导宾诏从句，从句不缺成分；say后面面用that引导宾语从句，这个从句中those为主语，cannotclainvsay为谓语；theyhavebeentothecity为第三个宾语从句，不缺成分，用that引导。整个句子主干陈还客观事实，为一般现在时，定语从旬和最后一个宾语从句使用现在完成时。故可译为NowonderthatpeoplesaythatthosewhohavevisitedShanghaibutmissedYuGardencannotclai1n/saythattheyhavebeentothecity.。或者nowonder难怪；people人们；say说；thatnoonecanclainvsaythathehasbeento/visitedShanghai没有人能说他到过上海；if如果，此处处理为条件状语从句；hemissedYuGarden/ifhehasn'tbeento/visitedYuGarden他错

31过了豫园／没去过豫园，故可译为Nowonderpeoplesaythatnoonecanclaim/saythathehasbeento/visitedShanghai,ifhemissedYuGarden/ifhehasn'tbeento/visitedYuGarden.。故答案是NowonderthatpeoplesaythatthosewhohavevisitedShanghaibut1nissedYuGardencannotclai1n/saythattheyhavebeentothecity.Nowonderpeoplesaythatnoonecanclaim/saythathehasbeento/visitedShanghai,ifhemissedYuGarden/ifhehasn'tbeento/visitedYuGarden.75.是他的过于自信造成了这种局面；他还没有真正理解“兼听则明”的道理。(result)（汉译英）【答案】Itwashisbeingover-confident(abouthimself)/tooself-confidentthatresultedinthesituation,becausehehasn'tfullyunderstood/didn'tfullyunderstandthetruththatifyoulistentobothsides,youwillhearthetJ·uth.【详解】考查强调句，原因状语从句，以及同位语从句。第一个分句强调“是他的过千自信“，在英语中强调除谓语动词之外的其它句子成分，用强调句表达，强调句结构是“it+be＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他句了成分”;”他的过于自信＇用hisbeingover-confident(abouthimself)/tooself-confident表达；提示词“result”意为”导致，造成“，是不及物动词，后面跟宾诏时，要加介词in,构成短语resultin;“这种局面“用thesituation表达；结合句意可知，此处讲述的是发生过的事情，应用过去时态，所以第一个分句可翻译为：Itwashisbeingover-confident(abouthimself)/tooself-confidentthatresultedinthesituation。分析句意可知，前后两个分句之间为因果关系，第一个分句“是他的过千自信造成了这种屈面”表示结果，第二个分句“他还没有真正理解兼听则明＇的道理＇表示原因，做原因状语，原因状语用because引导；分析第二个分句句意可知，此处应用现在完成时态或一般过去时态；”还没有真正理解“用hasn'tfullyunderstood/didn'tfullyunderstand:“道理”用抽象名词truth表示，“兼听则明“用ifyoulistentobothsides,youwillhearthetruth农达，是对名词truth的具体内容的描述，且句子中不缺成分，这符合同位语从句的概念，所以此处用同位语从句结构thetrutJ1thatifyoulistentobot11sides,youwillhearthell·uth;第二个分句完整的翻译为：becausehehasn'tfullyunderstood/didn'tfullyunderstandthetruththatifyoulistentobothsides,youwillheartheIJ·uth。故整个句子可翻译为：Itwashisbeingover-confident(abouthimself)/tooself-confidenttliatresultedinthesituation,becausehehasn'tfullyunderstood/didn'tfullyunderstandthetruththatifyoulistentobothsides,youwillhe釭thetruth.【点睛】汉译英时，首先要分析句子结构，确定是简单句还是复合句。如果是复合句，就要进一步分析并确定复合句的类型，以及所需要的连词；再逐个分析各个旬子成分对应的英语表达方式，同时还要结合句意，确定谓语动词的时态。VI.GuidedWriting

3276.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.目前，教育部办公厅印发了《关千加强中小学生手机管理工作的通知》。通知明确：学生不得将手机带入校园，若确有将手机带入校园需求的，须经学生家长同意、书面提出申请。申请一旦获批，学生进校后应将手机交由学校统一保管，禁止带入课堂。请你谈一谈这一通知的颁布反映了怎样的社会现状，以及这一规定将起到怎样的作用。【答案】Atpresent,theGeneralOfficeoftheMinistryofEducationhasissuedanoticeonstrengtheningthemanagementofmobilephonesforprimaryandsecondaryschoolstudents.ThenoticemakesitclearthatstudentsarenotaJlowedtobringtheirmobilephonesintothecampus.li、theydoneedtobringI.heirmobilephonesintothecampus,theymustapplyinw1itingwiththeconsentoftheirparents.Oncetheapplicationisapproved,studentsshouldleavetheirmobilephonesinthecustodyoftheschooland釭enotallowedtotakethemintoclass.Thepromulgationofthisnoticereflects小atprimaryandsecondaryschoolstudents'saddictiontothemobilephonesaresostrongthatitishightimethatthegovernmentandtheschoolshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestorestrictorstoptheiruseofmobilephones.Thestudentsspendtoomuchtimeonthemobilephonesplayinggamesorchattingwiththeirfriendsonsocialmediumplatforms,whichhasabadeffectontheirstudy.Parentsappealtothegovernmenttotakeactionto邓topthisphenomenon.Ithinktl1isrulecanhaveaverypositiveeffectonstudents.Withoutmobilephones,theyaremorefocusedontheirstudies,whichcanimprovetheirgrades.111thecaseoflessInternetaccess,thenegativenewsinthesocietywillgreatlyreducetheirimpact,whichisbeneficialtotheirformingapositiveattitudetowardslife,aswellastheirpersonalityandthedevelopmentofthewholesociety.【导语】

33本篇书面表达屈千议论文，要求考生谈一谈《关千加强中小学生手机管理工作的通知》的颁布反映f怎样的社会现状，以及这一规定将起到怎样的作用。【详解】1.词汇积累允许：allow---+pennit准许：consent一pennission反映：reflect一show专注千：focuson---+concentrateon2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Atpresent,theGeneralOfficeoftheMinistryofEducationhasissuedanoticeonstrengtheningthemanagementofmobilephonesforprimaryandsecondaryschoolstudents.拓展句：Atpresent,theGeneralOfficeoflheMinistryofEducationhasissuedanoticethalstrengthensthemanagementofmobilephonesforprimru·yandsecondaryschoolstudents【点睛】［高分句型l]Thenoticemakesitclearthatstudentsarenotallowedtobringtheirmobilephonesintothecampus.（运用了that引导的宾诏从句）l高分句型2JThestudentsspendtoomuchtimeonthemobilephonesplayinggamesorchattingwiththeirfriendsonsocialmediumplatforms,whichhasabadeffectontheirstudy（运用了which引导的非限制件定语从句）

34