上海市格致中学2021-2022学年高一下学期阶段性练习英语 Word版含解析

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2022年4月格致中学高一第二学期阶段性练习英语试卷II.GrammarandVocabulary(13'SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.(1'*6=6')ThePainofLosingYourFirstLanguageisanessaywhichoutlinesthesufferingWong____1____(endure)sincesheabandonedhernativelanguageasachildforthesakeofassimilating(融入，同化)intoAmerica.Wongdoesajobofincorporatinglinguisticresearchinheranalysis,givingacademicweighttoherregrets.ThebalanceofpersonalnarrativeandanalysisofEnglishlanguageadoptionandnativeattrition(消耗n.)flowsthroughtheessayasstudiesconfirmWong’sfeelings,yetdon’tfreeherfrom____2____(long)forherfirstlanguage.“IwonderwhatCantonesewordsmybrainpushedoutwhenIstartedspeakingmostlyEnglishatagesix.Andisattritionlimitedtowords?WhatelsedidIlosetoassimilate?”Duringherpregnancy,WongcommitstorelearnhernativeCantonesesoshecanpassitontoherchild.However,____3____herefforts,shefeelstheimpossibilityofhertask.“Likelearninghowtospellonly,themoreIlookatJyutping,themorethewordsstarttomakesense.Butpartofmeknowsbetter.I’llneverspeakCantonesethesamewayIwouldhave____4____I’dneverstoppedspeakingittobeginwith.Likeaphantomlimb(幻肢),thememoryofmyfirstlanguagestayswithmeevenwithit____5____(go),butthat’sallitis:amemory.____6____occurstomethattryingtorelearnthislanguageistheembodimentofmybiculturalidentity.TheAmericaninmeisdeterminedtoreclaimtheChinesepartofmyself.”【答案】1.hasendured2.longing3.despite4.if5.gone6.It【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述作者Wong小时候为了融入美国而放弃母语以来所遭受的痛苦和遗憾。【1题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：《失去母语的痛苦》是一篇文章，描述了自从Wong

1小时候为了融入美国而放弃母语以来所遭受的痛苦。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处是定语从句Wong____1____(endure)sincesheabandonedhernativelanguageasachildforthesakeofassimilating(融入，同化)intoAmerica的谓语动词，后面有since引导的时间状语从句，所以谓语用现在完成时，主语是Wong，所以用第三人称单数形式。故填hasendured。【2题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着研究证实了黄的感受，但并没有使她摆脱对母语的渴望，个人叙述和对英语语言采用和母语损耗的分析之间的平衡贯穿了这篇文章。分析句子结构和意思可知，前面有介词from，所以后面用动名词形式，做宾语。故填longing。【3题详解】考查介词。句意：然而，尽管她很努力，她仍感到她的任务是不可能完成的。分析句子结构和意思可知，上下文意思是转折的关系，空格后面是名词，所以空格处需要介词，表示“虽然，尽管”的意思。故填despite。【4题详解】考查连词。句意：如果我从一开始就不停止说广东话，我就不会像现在这样说广东话了。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话是虚拟语气结构，中间需要表示条件的连词if，引导条件状语从句。故填if。【5题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：就像幻肢一样，即使我的第一语言消失了，它的记忆仍然留在我的脑海里，但它仅仅是一个记忆。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查with复合结构，with+宾语+宾补，这里用gone，形容词，表示“没有了”的意思。故填gone。【6题详解】考查it做形式主语。句意：我突然想到，重新学习这门语言是我的双文化身份的体现。分析句子结构和意思可知，thattryingtorelearnthislanguageistheembodimentofmybiculturalidentity是真正的主语，所以空格处用it做形式主语。故填It。SectionBDirections:CompletethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsintheboxEachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.(1’*7=7’)A.executiveB.substantiallyC.bordersD.minorityE.fiercelyF.unrestG.efficientH.moveUkraine,anationwhosehistoryhasexperiencedlongperiodsofoccupationfromothercountries,todaywrestles(摔跤，全力应付)betweenwarandpeace,aswellasbetweencorruptionandreform.Thenation____7____theBlackandAzovseastothesouthandliesnexttoseveralEasternEuropeannations,including

2Russia.UkrainedeclaredindependencefromtheformerSovietUnionin1991.Itspresidentisdirectlyelectedbyvoters.Theprimeministeristheheadofthecentralgovernment,whichisseparatedalong____8____,legislativeandjudicialbranches.Thecountry’spost-Sovietpoliticallifehasbeencontroversial,disturbedbypersistentchargesofgovernmentcorruptionandfraud.Large-scaleprotestsattheendof2013turnedviolentin2014,leadingtotheouster(罢免)ofthegovernmentand____9____intheheavilyethnicRussianeasternregionsofUkraine.Russiaannexed(抢占)theCrimearegionofUkraineinearly2014,a____10____byMoscowthathasbeenwidelycriticizedbytheinternationalcommunity.Ukrainejoinedintoafreetradeareaatthebeginningof2016,andtheWorldBanknotedthatthecountry’seconomydidbegintoshowsignsofaweakrecovery.Abroaderrecoveryhasbeenheldback,theWorldBanksays,bycontinuingconflictintheeastandtheneedforreforms.Ukraineenteredalong-awaitedagreementwiththeEuropeanUnioninSeptember2017,amovethatbringsthecountryastepclosertothegoalofjoiningtheEuropeanUnionandNATO.Services,industryandagricultureareUkraine’sthreelargesteconomicsectors.Thenation____11____reliesonnaturalgasimportsfromRussiatomeetitsenergyneeds.Agriculturalproductionandenergyconsumptioncanbemademore____12____,andindoingsoUkrainecouldplayanimportantroleinglobalfoodsecurity,accordingtotheWorldBank.Culturally,UkraineisinfluencedbyWesternandCentralEurope,Russiatotheeastandbyreligion—thepredominantfaithinthecountryisEasternOrthodoxy.Thecountryhasarichhistoryinliterature,music,architectureandfolkart,including“pysanky”,UkrainianEastereggs.EthnicUkrainiansformtheoverwhelmingmajorityofthecountry’spopulation,withethnicRussiansservingasthelargest____13____group.Ukraineisamemberofmajorinternationalandregionalorganizations,includingtheUnitedNations,theWorldTradeOrganization,theEuropeanBankforReconstructionandDevelopmentandtheCommonwealthofIndependentStates.【答案】7.C8.A9.F10.H11.B12.G13.D【解析】

3【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了乌克兰这个历史上曾长期被其他国家占领的国家，今天在战争与和平、腐败与改革之间挣扎。【7题详解】考查动词。句意：该国南部紧邻黑海和亚速海，毗邻包括俄罗斯在内的几个东欧国家。根据后文“andliesnexttoseveralEasternEuropeannations,includingRussia”可知，空处应填谓语动词的一般现在时与谓语动词lies并列，borders“毗邻”为动词，符合句意。故选C项。【8题详解】考查形容词。句意：总理是中央政府的首脑，中央政府分为行政、立法和司法部门。根据后文“legislativeandjudicialbranches”可知，空处应填形容词修饰名词branches作定语，executive“行政的”为形容词，符合句意。故选A项。【9题详解】考查名词。句意：2013年底的大规模抗议活动在2014年演变为暴力活动，导致政府下台，并导致乌克兰东部俄罗斯族人口众多的地区发生骚乱。根据前文“leadingtotheousterofthegovernmentand”可知，空处应填名词与名词ouster并列，作介词to的宾语，unrest“不安，动荡”为名词，符合句意。故选F项。【10题详解】考查名词。句意：2014年初，俄罗斯吞并了乌克兰的克里米亚地区，此举遭到了国际社会的广泛批评。分析句子可知，空处应填名词，由不定冠词a修饰，move“行动”为名词，符合句意。故选H项。【11题详解】考查副词。句意：该国主要依赖从俄罗斯进口天然气来满足其能源需求。根据后文“reliesonnaturalgasimports”可知，空处应填副词作状语修饰动词短语relieson，substantially“大量地，基本上”为副词，符合句意。故选B项。【12题详解】考查形容词。句意：世界银行认为，可以提高农业生产和能源消费的效率，这样乌克兰就可以在全球粮食安全方面发挥重要作用。根据前文“Agriculturalproductionandenergyconsumptioncanbemademore”可知，空处应填形容词修饰名词production和consumption，efficient“有效率的”为形容词，符合句意。故选G项。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：乌克兰民族形成全国人口的绝大多数，而俄罗斯民族作为最大的少数民族群体。根据后文“group”可知，空处应填名词作定语修饰名词group，minority“少数民族”为名词，符合句意。故选D项。III.ReadingComprehension（35.5'）SectionADirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarked

4A,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.（1,*15=15,）Afterstayingathomeoneafternoonforadeliveryofdiscountedsinkthatnevercame,ValentinRomanov,aStockholmITmanager,installedaspeciallockonhisflat’sentrance.Whennooneisin,deliverymenunlockthedoorandslippackagesinside.Fourmonthson,Mr.Romanovhas____14____hisspendingonlineandsayshecannotimaginelifewithoutin-homedeliveries.Thesearesweetwordsfordeliveryfirmsandonlineretailers(零售商),Amazonincluded,thataresettingup____15____withlockmanufacturerstoovercomeabigobstaclefore-commerce.Traditionaldeliveriesfailso____16____thataparcelisdriventoahomeanaverageofl.5timesintheNordicregion,saysKennethVerlage,headofbusinessdevelopmentatPostNord,alogistics(物流)giantoperatinginDenmark,Finland,NorwayandSweden.Itisanexpensive____17____madeworse,hesays,bythefactthatrecipientshavestilloftenhadtowaitforafaileddelivery.Somedeliverersleavepackagesondoorsteps,butthis____18____theft.Of1,000AmericanssurveyedthisyearbyShorr,apackagingfirm,nearlyathirdhadbeenvictimsof“porchpiracy”,asthisisknown.Two-fifths____19____certainonlinepurchasesforfearofit.Anumberoffirmsnowsellwirelesslyconnectedlockswhichadeliverypersoncanopenusingapasscodeorsmartphoneappafterthe____20____hasissuedatemporaryauthorizationbeforeleavinghomeorremotely.Deliveriesarefilmedwithanindoorsecuritycamerapairedwiththelock.Theshortvideosaresenttoparceladdresseesandtypically____21____,comicallyinMr.Romanov’sview,withajiggle(抖动)ofthedoorhandlefromoutsidetoshowthatthedepartingdeliverypersonhaslockedup.Amazonbeganofferingin-homedeliveriesin37AmericancitiesinNovember.Shopperswhohavehadaspecial____22____andcamerainstalledcanselectin-homedeliveryatcheckout.Likemostfirms_____23_____theservice,Amazonistight-lippedaboutusernumbers.ThebossofAugustHome,aSanFranciscomakerofin-homedeliverylocks,saysthatalreadyhundredsofthousandsofdeliverydrivers,dog-walkers,cleanersandAirbnbguestsuseitsapp_____24_____toenterothers’homes.Offeringsare_____25_____.In2018AugustHomewillgotoAustraliaandBritain,andPostNordwilllaunchin-homedeliveryinfourNordiccountries.WalmartandSearshavetriedit:Searseventestedunattendedappliancerepairs.FivelogisticsfirmsandtwoSwedishsupermarketchainsaretryingorusinglocksfromGlue,afirmbasedinStockholm,forin-homedeliveries._____26_____suspecttheseeffortswillnotamounttomuch.Plentyof_____27_____willbefearfulabouttheft.RhinoSecurityLabs,aSeattlecomputer-securityfirm,claimsithackedintoandshutoffthevideoinone

5Amazonlock-and-camerasystem.In-homedeliveriesareincompatible(不兼容的)withtheftalarms.Andwhatifanimproperlyfenced-offdogorcatslipsoutside?Oravaluableitemondisplaygetsknockedover?Theseare_____28_____questions.Bute-commercefirmshaveunlockedharderones.14.A.deletedB.doubledC.checkedD.decreased15.A.branchesB.partnershipsC.fundsD.conferences16.A.occasionallyB.unexpectedlyC.frequentlyD.miserably17.A.developmentB.purchaseC.inefficiencyD.tradition18.A.recordsB.reducesC.invitesD.commits19.A.makeB.avoidC.controlD.assess20.A.driverB.managerC.residentD.deliverer21.A.startB.disappearC.endD.emerge22.A.doorB.lockC.computerD.application23.A.grantingB.buyingC.framingD.offering24.A.illegallyB.unknowinglyC.keylesslyD.fearfully25.A.threateningB.competingC.multiplyingD.shrinking26.A.DesignersB.AdvocatesC.AdoptersD.Opponents27.A.firmsB.consumersC.hackersD.producers28.A.unimportantB.generalC.trickyD.improper【答案】14.B15.B16.C17.C18.C19.B20.C21.C22.B23.D24.C25.C26.D27.B28.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电商快递加上智能锁的服务将会实现真正的快递入门服务。【14题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：四个月过去了，Romanov网购的开销翻了一倍，并说无法想象没有送货上门的生活。A.deleted删除；B.doubled加倍；C.checked检查；D.decreased减少。根据下文“sayshecannotimaginelifewithoutin-homedeliveries”可推知，此处指Romanov十分喜欢且依赖网购，所以网购的开销应该增加。故选B。【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些都是快递公司和包括亚马逊在内的在线零售商的甜言蜜语，他们正在与智能门锁制造商合作，解决电商面临的一个大难题。A.branches分支；B.partnerships合伙；C.funds

6资金；D.conferences会议。根据上文“deliveryfirmsandonlineretailers”以及下文“toovercomeabigobstaclefore-commerce”可推知，此处指二者是建立合作伙伴的关系。故选B。【16题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：北欧邮政是一家在丹麦、芬兰、挪威和瑞典运营的物流巨头，该公司的业务发展主管肯尼斯·韦拉格说，传统快递失败的频率如此之高，以至于一个包裹在北欧地区平均要被运送1.5次。A.occasionally偶然地；B.unexpectedly意料之外地；C.frequently经常地；D.miserably可悲地。根据下文“aparcelisdriventoahomeanaverageofl.5times”可推知，此处指包裹经常无人接收，即传统快递失败的频率非常高。故选C。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说，这是一种成本高昂、效率低下的做法，而更糟糕的是，收件人往往等不到快递来。A.development发展；B.purchase购买；C.inefficiency低效；D.tradition传统。结合语境，再根据上文“Traditionaldeliveriesfailsofrequently”和“expensive”以及下文“bythefactthatrecipientshavestilloftenhadtowaitforafaileddelivery”可推知，此处指是传统快递费用高，效率低。故选C。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些快递把包裹放在门口，会引起小偷的觊觎。A.records记录；B.reduces减少；C.invites邀请、招致（尤指坏事）；D.commits犯罪。根据上文“Somedeliverersleavepackagesondoorsteps”以及下文“theft”可推知，此处指传统的送货方式将快递放在门口会招来小偷。故选C。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：五分之二的人因为害怕被盗而避免网上购物。A.make做、使得；B.avoid避免；C.control控制；D.assess评定。根据上文“invitestheft”以及下文“forfearofit”可推知，此处指一些人是害怕被盗窃，而避免在网上购物。故选B。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，许多公司都在销售无线连接的锁，在业主出门前或不在家的时候给快递员临时授权，快递员就可以通过密码或手机应用开门。A.driver司机；B.manager经理；C.resident居民；D.deliverer投递员。根据上文“deliverypersoncanopenusingapasscodeorsmartphoneapp”以及下文“issuedatemporaryauthorizationbeforeleavinghomeorremotely”可推知，此处指业主出门前或不在家的时候给快递员临时授权，让其暂时开锁。故选C。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些短视频被发送给收件人，在罗曼诺夫看来，滑稽的是，视频的结尾通常是从外面抖动门把手，表明即将离开的快递员锁上了门。A.start开始；B.disappear消失；C.end结束；D.emerge显现、浮现。根据下文“withajiggleofthedoorhandlefromoutsidetoshowthatthedeparting

7deliverypersonhaslockedup”可推知，此处指室内安防摄像机和门锁拍摄的视频末尾显示获得授权的快递员在开门送完货，往往从外面抖动门把手，表明锁上了门。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：安装了特殊锁和摄像头的购物者可以在结账时选择送货上门。A.door门；B.lock锁；C.computer电脑；D.application应用。结合语境，再根据上文“Deliveriesarefilmedwithanindoorsecuritycamerapairedwiththelock.”可推知，此处指，买了智能门锁的人可以选择授权让快递员送货上门，而快递员的行为会被室内安防摄像机和特殊锁拍成小视频。故选B。【23题详解】考查动名词词义辨析。句意：和大多数提供这项服务的公司一样，亚马逊对用户数量守口如瓶。A.granting准予；B.buying购买；C.framing制订；D.offering提供。结合语境，再根据下文“theservice,Amazonistight-lippedaboutusernumbers”可推知，此处指和大多数提供智能门锁服务的公司一样，亚马逊对用户数量守口如瓶。故选D。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：位于旧金山的上门送货锁制造商AugustHome的老板说，已经有成千上万的送货司机、遛狗者、清洁工和Airbnb的客人使用该公司的他家的无钥匙应用软件进入别人的家。A.illegally非法地；B.unknowingly不知不觉地；C.keylessly无钥匙地；D.fearfully可怕地。结合语境，再根据上文“useitsapp”以及下文“toenterothers’homes”可推知，此处指通过软件授权后，不需要钥匙就能进入业主家。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：业务迅速增加。A.threatening威胁；B.competing竞争；C.multiplying迅速增加、成倍增加；D.shrinking萎缩。根据下文“In2018AugustHomewillgotoAustraliaandBritain,andPostNordwilllaunchin-homedeliveryinfourNordiccountries.”可推知，此处指智能门锁业务迅速增加，蒸蒸日上。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：反对者认为，这些努力不会有多大效果。A.Designers设计师；B.Advocates提倡者；C.Adopters采纳者；D.Opponents反对者。根据下文“suspecttheseeffortswillnotamounttomuch”可推知，此处指指持反对意见的人有不同的看法。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很多消费者会对盗窃感到担忧。A.firms公司；B.consumers消费者；C.hackers黑客；D.producers生产者。根据上文“Opponentssuspecttheseeffortswillnotamounttomuch.”以及下文“willbefearfulabouttheft”可推知，此处指持有反对意见的消费者害怕快递员盗窃。故选B。

8【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些都是棘手的问题。A.unimportant不重要的；B.general一般的；C.tricky狡猾的、棘手的；D.improper不正确的。根据上文“In-homedeliveriesareincompatiblewiththeftalarms.Andwhatifanimproperlyfenced-offdogorcatslipsoutside?Oravaluableitemondisplaygetsknockedover?”可推知，此处指智能门锁业务也有不足之处，面临很多棘手的问题。故选C。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(1.5,*11=16.5,)(A)Peoplealwaysregretaskingmeandmywifehowwegottogether.It’salongstory,involvingotherrelationshipsandseveralcountries,andtobehonest,it’snotthatinteresting,soI’llspareyouthedetails.WewereatarestaurantinTuscanyonoursummerholidaylastyearthough,whenwemetanotherEnglishcouplewhohadafarmoreinterestingstorythanus.LynnandAndyhadactuallymetonlinebeforetheygottogether,oratleasttheythoughttheyhad.Afterafewcasualconversationsthroughanonlinedatingagency,theydecidedtomeetforreal.Lynnarrivedattherestaurantfirst,andshortlyafterwasapproachedbyAndy,whothoughtshewassomeoneelse.Itturnsoutthey’dbotharrangedtomeetdifferentpeople,butlikedthelookofeachother,andthatwasthat!Andthey’renotalone.Itseemsthereareallsortsofplacesyoumightmeetthatspecialsomeone.LukasmetSofieforthefirsttimewhenhecrashedintohercar—onhisbicycle.“ItwasrainingandIwascomingdownhillreallyfast,soIcouldn’treallyseewhereIwasgoing.SofieopenedhercardoorandIwentstraightintoit,andoffmybike,”explainsLukas.“Iwasunconsciousforafewseconds,andwhenIcameroundtherewasthisbeautifulyoungwomanaskingme‘AreyouOK?’Well,afterthat,shewenttothehospitalwithmeandwasjustreallykind,reallycaring,andwehititoff.”Everycloudhasasilverlining,sotheysay,andNickMcKiddiewouldmostlikelyagree.Hewasleavingtheofficelateonenightwhenhegotrobbedbyagroupofyoungmen.Hewasn’thurt,buttheystolehisphoneandwallet,sohecalledthepolice.SusanHarris,ayoungpoliceofficeratthetime,attendedthecall.Nickexplains,“Idon’tknowwhetherIwasinshockbecauseofwhathadhappened,butIthinkitwasloveatfirstsight.Iwouldneverusuallybesoconfident,butIjustaskedifshewantedtogoforadrinksometime,andtomysurprise,shesaidyes!“NickandSusangotmarriedlastDecember.”Animalsdon’thavethesamesocialinhibitions(顾虑)ashumansdo,andthiswascertainlythecasewhenRi

9tookherdog,Ben,tothelocaldogpark.“AssoonasItookhisleashoff,heranstraighttoanotherdogontheothersideofthepark,andstartedgettingveryfriendlyindeed,”shelaughs.“Iactuallyhadtopullhimaway,andthatwaswhenImetBen,theotherdog’sowner.Wehadagoodlaughaboutitall,especiallywhenwerealizedhehadthesamenameasmydog.Webecamefriendsafterthat,andwell,therestishistory.”29.Accordingtothepassage,LynnandAndy________.A.firstmetinarestaurantinTuscanyB.hadoriginallyarrangedtoseeotherpeopleC.regrettedtalkingtoeachotheronlineD.preferredcasualconversationstoseriousdating30.________gottoknoweachotherduetoanaccident.A.TheauthorandhiswifeB.NickandSusanC.LukasandSofieD.RiandBen31.By“Everycloudhasasilverlining”(inparagraphs),theauthormeansthat________.A.everydayisagoodbeginningB.everymisfortunecontainssomethinggoodC.peopledonotalwaysbehaveasusualD.whatyouvalueinlifemattersgreatly32.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtheauthorandhiswifemeteachother.B.Theplaceswherepeopleusuallygettogether.C.Howgreatrelationshipsmaygrowoutofrandomencounters.D.Whatpeopledoinordertomeettheiridealpartner.【答案】29.B30.C31.B32.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章以故事的形式讲述了人们见面的奇怪方式。【29题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“Itturnsoutthey’dbotharrangedtomeetdifferentpeople,butlikedthelookofeachother,andthatwasthat!”（结果他们两人都安排好了去见不同的人，但却喜欢对方的相貌，就这样！）可知，Lynn和Andy一开始都安排好了去见其他人。故选B项。【30题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“LukasmetSofiaforthefirsttimewhenhecrashedintohercar—onhisbicycle.”（卢卡斯第一次见到索菲是在他骑自行车撞上她的车时）可知，Lukas和Sofia是因为一次撞车事故认识了彼此。故选C项。【31题详解】

10词句猜测题。由第三段的“Hewasleavingtheofficelateonenightwhenhegotrobbedbyagroupofyoungmen.Hewasn'thurt,buttheystolehisphoneandwallet,sohecalledthepolice.SusanHarris,ayoungpoliceofficeratthetime,attendedthecall.Nickexplains,Idon’tknowwhetherIwasinshockbecauseofwhathadhappened,butIthinkitwasloveatfirstsight.Iwouldneverusuallybesoconfident,butIjustaskedifshewantedtogoforadrinksometime,andtomysurprise,shesaidyes!NickandSusangotmarriedlastDecember.”（一天晚上他要离开办公室，突然被一群年轻人抢劫了。他没有受伤，但他们偷走了他的电话和钱包，于是他报警了。当时年轻的警官苏珊·哈里斯接听了电话。尼克解释说，我不知道是不是因为刚发生的事情而震惊了，但我认为这是一见钟情。我通常不会这么自信，但我只是问她是否想去喝一杯，令我吃惊的是，她说好的！尼克和苏珊去年12月结婚了）可知，尼克被抢劫，这是不幸的事，但因此认识了警官苏珊且最后二人结婚了，这是好事，说明不幸中会有好事发生。由此可知，Everycouldhasasilverlining在此处意为“好运伴随着不幸而来”。故选B项。【32题详解】主旨大意题。第一段讲Lynn和Andy一开始以为见的是其他人，实际上见了彼此，第二段讲Lukas和Sofia是因为一次撞车事故认识了彼此，第三段讲因为一次抢劫，Nick认识了警官Susan，第四段讲因为狗狗，Ri认识了Ben，可知本文讲的是人们奇奇怪怪的见面方式，即美好的关系是如何从偶然的相遇中成长起来的。故选C项。(B)Formorethan600years,Englishspeakersused“because”asaconjunctionmeaning“forthereasonthat,”dutifullyfollowingitwithafullclauseofexplanation(oratleastthewordof).Then,afewyearsago,thisoldwordsuddenlybeganburstingwithnewlife,aspeoplestartedusingitinamannerthatdisobeyedallgrammaticalrules:Howdoyouknowclimatechangeisreal?“Becausescience.”Whyareyousleepy?“Becausewine.”Academicsbecamenervouslyexcited,debatingwhether“because”hadevolvedintoaprepositionandifso,whichtypesofnounswouldappropriatelyfitthisnewconstruction.Buttherewaslittledisagreementonthedrivingforcebehindthechange.ThetitleofGretchenMcCulloch'snewbook,“BecauseInternet:UnderstandingtheNewRulesofLanguage”,isinhonorofthiskindoflinguisticchange—evolutionmadepossiblebythedominanceofthewebandthenever-before-seenexplosionofinformalwritingthathascomewithit.Heraimistoexplainhowtheinternethasshapedlanguage.McCullochisaninternetlinguist,andherbookaboutinternetlanguageis,fittingly,amixturedrawnfromacademicandinternetcultures.Insomemeasure,BecauseInternetoffersahistoryoftheWebalongwithanintroductiontolinguisticsandasurveyofthemostfascinatingresearchfromherfield,includingastudythattookadvantageofgeotagsonsocialmediatoshowhownewwordsspreadfromplaceto

11place.Herworkisalsoawell-researchedretort(反驳)togrammarianswhothinktechnologyistoblameforwhykidsareengaginginwhatgrammariansbelievearelazy,senselesstalks.Onthecontrary,sheargues,it’smakingusmorecreativeinourwritingthaneverbefore.Theformal,unemotionalwritingwewerealltaughtintheclassroomsimplywon'tdoinplacesdesignedforvirtualcommunications,McCullochexplains.Andshebreaksdownthemanywayswe’vemanagedtousekeyboardstorestorethedynamismofface-to-faceinteraction.Forastart:WetapallcapswhenweFEELLIKESHOUTING.Weusetheabbreviationlolnotjusttomean“laughingoutloud”butalsotogetoutofawkwardsituationsortoofferempathy.Andwelengthenwordstoshowjusthowmuchwefeeeeeeeeel.33.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingexamplesbestreflectshowpeopleusetheword“because”nowadayswhenansweringthequestion“whywereyoulateforschoolthismorning?”A.Becausethetrafficwasbad.B.Becauseofthetraffic.C.Becausetraffic.D.BecauseIgotstuckinatrafficjam.34.Thebook“BecauseInternet"informsitsreadersabout________.A.howtokeeppacewiththeevolutionoflanguageB.howtohaveeffectivecommunicationonlineC.howtoorganizemeaningfulsentencesinEnglishD.howtousenewwordsandsignalsonsocialmedia35.GretchenMcCullochbelievesthewaywetalkhaschangedbecause________.A.wehavedevelopedabbreviationstoreplacemanywordsB.wecannolongershowouridentitythroughthelanguageweuseC.theexplosionofinformalwritinginvirtualcommunicationhasevolvedthelanguageD.today'skidsarenottaughtatschoolhowtocommunicatewithothers【答案】33.C34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。通过实例表明互联网塑造了语言的演变。【33题详解】判断推理题。由文第一段第二句“Then,afewyearsago,thisoldwordsuddenlybeganburstingwithnewlife,aspeoplestartedusingitinamannerthatdisobeyedallgrammaticalrule”（然后，几年前，这个古老的文字突然充斥生活，因为人们开始不按照语法规则使用它）可知，能够反映当前人们使用方式的是不遵循语法规则的选项，because后跟名词前应加介词of，故选C项。【34题详解】

12细节理解题。由文第二段第二句“Heraimistoexplainhowtheinternethasshapedlanguage.”（作者的目的是解释网络塑造语言的方式）可知，这本书想告诉读者语言的演变，故选A项。【35题详解】细节理解题。由文第二段最后一句““BecauseInternet:UnderstandingtheNewRulesofLanguage”,isinhonorofthiskindoflinguisticchange——evolutionmadepossiblebythedominanceofthewebandthenever-before-seenexplosionofinformalwritingthathascomewithit.”（《因为网络：理解语言新规则》这本书就是纪念这种语言改变，这种改变因为网络统治以及随之而来的前所未见的非正式书写的爆炸式出现而成为可能）可知，本书作者认为我们讲话的方式改变是因为非正式书写的爆炸式增加，故选C项。（C）Betweenthelastapplicationseasonandthecurrentone,SwarthmoreCollege,aschoolnationallywell-knownforitsacademicstrictness,changedtherequirementsforstudentsforadmissionintoitsnextfreshmanclass.ItmadeAllingouttheproperformseasier.Swarthmoreishardlyaloneinthedesiretoeliminateobstaclesforabountyofapplicants.Overthelastdecade,manyelitecollegeshaveadjustedtheirapplicationsinwaysthatremovedisincentives（抑制因素）andmaximizethelikelihoodthatthenumberofstudentscontestingtogetinremainsrobust-or,evenbetter,growslarger.Inonesense,that'sacommendablyegalitarian（平等主义的）approachandasensibleattempttobesurethatnoqualifiedcandidateismissed.Butthere'softenalesspuremotiveinplay.Inourincreasinglystatus-orientedsociety,aschool'sreputationisimprovedbyalowacceptancerate,whichcaneveninfluencehowU.S.NewsWorldReportranksit.Andunlessaschoolisshrinkingthesizeofitsstudentbody,theonlywaytobringitsacceptanceratedownistogetitsnumberofapplicantsup.So,manycollegesmethodicallygenerateinterestonlytofrustrateit.Theywooapplicantsforthepurposeofturningthemdown.Andtherecanbeotherjustificationsforwhatlookslikealooseningofapplicationdemands.SmithCollegeandseveralothersimilarlyprominentcollegesnolongerrequiretheSATorACT,andKathleenMcCarney,thepresidentofSmithCollege,saidthatthat'snotabidformoreapplicants.It'sarecognitionthattopscoresonthosetestscorrelatewithhighfamilyincomeandmaysaymoreaboutanapplicant'seconomicadvantages—including,say,privateSATtutoring—thanabouttheiracademicpotential.JimBock,Swarthmore'sdeanofadmissions,saidthatbylighteningtheessayloadforitscurrentapplicants,thecollegewaslessconcernedaboutincreasingitsoverallnumberofapplicantsthanaboutmakingsurecandidatesofgreatmeritdidn'tmissoutonSwarthmoreandviceversa.Hementionedthehypotheticalexampleofahighschoolstudentfromalow-incomefamilywhoworks10ormorehoursadayanddoesn'thavesufficient

13timetododifferentessaysfordifferentschools.ButwillSwarthmore'sapplicantsthisyeargivequiteasmuchthoughtregardingwhetheritissuitableandtherighthomeforthem?I'mbettingnot.Whenit'sveryeasyforastudenttoapplytoyetonemorecollegeandeachschoolissimplyanotherdesirableboxofcerealontopshelfthatheorsheisdeterminedtoreach,there'sinadequatethoughttoatailoredfit,whichiswhattheadmissionsprocessshouldstrivefor.It'swhatthemeasureofsuccessshouldbe.36.WhatchangeshasSwarthmoreCollegemadeintheapplicationprocess?A.Itexpandedthesizeofitsnextfreshmanclass.B.Itlowereditsrequirementsforadmission.C.Itsimplifieditsapplicationprocedure.D.Iteliminatedobstaclesforminorityapplicants.37.Theword"woo”(Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto"________A.respectB.cheatC.inviteD.impose38.KathleenMcCarneyholdsthattheresultsoftheSATorACT________.A.reflecttest-takers'academicpotentialtoalargeextentB.shouldplayanessentialroleintheadmissionsprocessC.arecloselyrelatedtotest-takers'familyincomelevelsD.concealtheunevendistributionofeducationalresources39.Accordingtotheauthor,thesuccessofaschool'sadmissionsprocessliesin________.A.improvingtheschool'sreputationnationwideB.recruitingasmanygenuinestudentsaspossibleC.makingsuitablematchesbetweenapplicantsandtheschoolD.increasingtheoverallnumberofapplicantsfortheschool【答案】36.C37.C38.C39.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。以SwarthmoreCollege简化入学申请手续为例，讨论了让申请入学变得容易并不是招生成功的关键。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Betweenthelastapplicationseasonandthecurrentone,SwarthmoreCollege,aschoolnationallywell-knownforitsacademicstrictness,changedtherequirementsforstudentsforadmissionintoitsnextfreshmanclass.

14(从上个申请季到现在这个申请季，以学术严格闻名全国的斯沃斯莫尔学院改变了下一届新生的入学要求。)”以及第二段第一句“Swarthmoreishardlyaloneinthedesiretoeliminateobstaclesforabountyofapplicants.(斯沃斯莫尔并不是唯一一个希望为大量申请者消除障碍的人。)”可知，SwarthmoreCollege简化了入学申请手续。故选C。【37题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段最后两句“So,manycollegesmethodicallygenerateinterestonlytofrustrateit.Theywooapplicantsforthepurposeofturningthemdown.(因此，许多大学有条不紊地引起学生的兴趣，却又让他们失望。他们吸引申请者的目的是拒绝他们。)”可知，两句话前后为照应关系，“大学引起学生兴趣”是为了“吸引申请者”，但又“让他们挫败失望”，又在“拒绝他们”。故画线词意思是“吸引”。故选C。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“KathleenMcCarney,thepresidentofSmithCollege,saidthatthat'snotabidformoreapplicants.It'sarecognitionthattopscoresonthosetestscorrelatewithhighfamilyincomeandmaysaymoreaboutanapplicant'seconomicadvantages一including,say,privateSATtutoring一thanabouttheiracademicpotential.(史密斯学院校长凯瑟琳·麦卡尼说，这并不是为了吸引更多的申请者。这是一种认识，即这些考试的高分与高家庭收入相关，可能更多地说明申请人的经济优势——比如，包括私立SAT辅导——而不是他们的学术潜力。)”可知，KathleenMcCarney认为考试的高分与家庭收入相关。故选C。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据最后两段“ButwillSwarthmore'sapplicantsthisyeargivequiteasmuchthoughtregardingwhetheritissuitableandtherighthomeforthem?I'mbettingnot.Whenit'sveryeasyforastudenttoapplytoyetonemorecollegeandeachschoolissimplyanotherdesirableboxofcerealontopshelfthatheorsheisdeterminedtoreach,there'sinadequatethoughttoatailoredfit,whichiswhattheadmissionsprocessshouldstrivefor.It'swhatthemeasureofsuccessshouldbe.(但斯沃斯莫尔学院今年的申请者是否会认真考虑学校是否适合他们?我敢打赌不会。当一名学生再申请一所大学变得非常容易，而且每一所学校都只是他或她下定决心要够到的书架上另一盒令人满意的麦片时，对于满足量身定制的需求就没有了足够的思考，而这正是招生过程应该努力争取的。这才是衡量成功的标准。)”可知，作者认为，当申请大学变得容易，申请者只会下定决心申请到这个学校，而非认真思考这所学校是否适合。所以，作者认为一所学校录取成功在于在申请人和学校之间找到合适的匹配。故选C。SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.HaveyoueverheardofBigDataorareyoufamiliarwithDataScientistsandDataEngineers?Theyare

15probablynewjobtitles,butthecorejobroleshavebeenaroundforawhile.Traditionally,anyonewhoanalyzeddatawouldbecalleda“dataanalyst”andanyonewhocreatedbackendplatformstosupportdataanalysiswouldbea“Businessintelligence(BI)Developer”._______40_______Here’sanoverviewoftherolesoftheDataAnalyst,BIDeveloper,DataScientistandDataEngineer.DataAnalystsareexperienceddataprofessionalsintheirorganizationwhocanquestionandprocessdata,providereports,summarizeandvisualizedata.Theyhaveastrongunderstandingofhowtoinfluenceexistingtoolsandmethodstosolveaproblem.______41______.However,theyarenotexpectedtodealwithanalyzingbigdata,noraretheytypicallyexpectedtohavethemathematicalorresearchbackgroundtodevelopnewalgorithmsforspecificproblems.Skills:DataAnalystsneedtohaveabaselineunderstandingofsomecoreskills:statistics,datamunging,datavisualization,exploratorydataanalysis,Tools:MicrosoftExcel,SPSS,SPSSModeler,SAS,SASMiner,SQL,MicrosoftAccess,Tableau,SSAS.______42______.Andthentheycollectrequirements,design,andbuildBIandreportingsolutionsforthecompany.Theyhavetodesign,developandsupportnewandexistingdatawarehouses,ETLpackages,dashboardsandanalyticalreports.Additionally,theyworkwithdatabases,bothrelationalandmultidimensional,andshouldhavegreatSQLdevelopmentskillstointegratedatafromdifferentresources.Theyusealloftheseskillstomeettheenterprise-wideself-serviceneeds.BIDevelopersaretypicallynotexpectedtoperformdataanalyses.DataEngineersarethedataprofessionalswhopreparethe“bigdata”infrastructuretobeanalyzedbyDataScientists.______43______.Then,theywritecomplexqueriesonthat,makesureitiseasilyaccessible,workssmoothly,andtheirgoalisoptimizing（优化）theperformanceoftheircompany’sbigdataecosystem.TheymightalsorunsomeETL(Extract,TransformandLoad)ontopofbigdatasetsandcreatebigdatawarehousesthatcanbeusedforreportingoranalysisbydatascientists.A.Inthiscase,thecuriousDataScientistisexpectedtoexplorethedata,comeupwiththerightquestions,andprovideinterestingfindings!B.BusinessintelligenceDevelopersaredataexpertsthatinteractmorecloselywithinternalstakeholderstounderstandthereportingneeds.C.Withtheemergenceofbigdata,newrolesbeganpoppingupincorporationsandresearchcenters--namely,DataScientistsandDataEngineers.D.Thisiswhyitisessentialtoknowcomputersciencefundamentalsandprogramming,includingexperiencewithlanguagesanddatabase(big/small)technologies.

16E.Andtheyalsohelppeoplefromacrossthecompanyunderstandspecificquestionswithad-hocreportsandcharts.F.Theyaresoftwareengineerswhodesign,build,integratedatafromvariousresources,andmanagebigdata.【答案】40.C41.E42.B43.F【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。在大数据时代下，数据科学家和数据工程师好像是一个新的工作头衔，可事实上他们已经存在一段时间了。本文概述了数据分析师、BI开发人员、数据科学家和数据工程师等的工作性质和概念等等。【40题详解】根据下文“Here’sanoverviewoftherolesoftheDataAnalyst,BIDeveloper,DataScientistandDataEngineer(以下是数据分析师、BI开发人员、数据科学家和数据工程师的角色概述)”可知，本文主要讲述数据分析师、BI开发人员、数据科学家和数据工程师的角色，结合空前一句提及了“数据分析师”和“BI开发人员”，故接下来应该讲述“数据科学家”和“数据工程师”，选项C.Withtheemergenceofbigdata,newrolesbeganpoppingupincorporationsandresearchcenters--namely,DataScientistsandDataEngineers(随着大数据的出现，企业和研究中心开始出现新的角色——即数据科学家和数据工程师)符合语境，故选C。【41题详解】根据上一句Theyhaveastrongunderstandingofhowtoinfluenceexistingtoolsandmethodstosolveaproblem(他们非常了解如何影响现有的工具和方法来解决问题)可知，该句话主要讲述数据分析师能够帮助解决问题的方式，选项E.Andtheyalsohelppeoplefromacrossthecompanyunderstandspecificquestionswithad-hocreportsandcharts(他们还通过广告数据和图表帮助公司的员工理解具体的问题)提供了帮助解决问题的另一方式，且该选项中“theyalsohelp…”与前一句“tosolveaproblem”语义衔接呼应，构成上下义关系，符合语境，故选E。【42题详解】分析段落结构可知，文章第三、四两段讲述了数据分析师这一职业，故接下来该引入“BI开发人员”话题，选项B.BusinessintelligenceDevelopersaredataexpertsthatinteractmorecloselywithinternalstakeholderstounderstandthereportingneeds(商业智能开发人员是数据专家，他们与内部涉众进行更密切的交互，以理解报告需求)符合语境，故选B。【43题详解】本段主题为介绍DataEngineers，根据空后一句“Then,theywritecomplexqueriesonthat，makesure…(然后，他们据此编写复杂的查询，确保…)”可知，选项F.Theyaresoftwareengineerswhodesign,build,

17integratedatafromvariousresources,andmanagebigdata(他们是设计、构建、整合来自各种资源的数据并管理大数据的软件工程师)与该句构成上下义关系，符合句意，故选F。第II卷IV.BlankfillingDirections:CompletethesentenceswiththewordsorphrasesgiveninproperformsEachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce.alarm,range,approach,wrap,cover,use,favour,survive44.TheBank________theissueinapracticalwayrecently.45.Interviewswith________familymembershavefailedtouncoverahistoryofdirectexposuretodeadordiseasedpoultryforseveralofthecases.46.Hehastraveledtomorethan30countries________thenewsinthelast25years--postedinBeijing,Jerusalem,Atlanta,LosAngeles,Sydney,Melbourne,AucklandandCanberra.47.Anothertypeofriskismodelrisk,anditappearsthatfewbankshavecarefullyevaluatedallthemodelsin________todeterminewhichperformbest.48.Hekeptthegolfclub________incloth.49.Thisisapretty________numberbecausetheratessohighalready,onecan’timagineitgoingupbyanotherthird.50.Shehashadanumberofdifferentjobs,________fromcheftoswimminginstructor.51.Yoursupporttippedthescaleinour________.【答案】44.hasapproached45.surviving46.tocover47.use48.wrapped49.alarming50.ranging51.favour【解析】【44题详解】

18考查动词时态。句意：最近用有效的方式处理了这一问题。分析句子结构，空格处缺谓语动词。结合句意，此处表示“处理”问题。approach做动词时表示“接近，处理”。根据提示词recently，可判断出用现在完成时态，主语是第三人称单数，谓语也要用第三人称单数，故填hasapproached。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：对幸存家庭成员的访谈并未发现若干病例的死禽或病禽的直接接触史。分析句子结构，空格位于名词短语familymembers前和介词with后，空格处需要形容词来修饰后面的名词短语。结合后文关键词dead和diseased可知，空格处表示“幸存的，健在的”的含义。survive的形容词形式是surviving。故填surviving。【46题详解】考查非谓语。句意：在过去的25年里，他去了30多个国家报道新闻，包括北京、耶路撒冷、亚特兰大、洛杉矶、悉尼、墨尔本、奥克兰和堪培拉。分析句子结构，空格处缺少动词，和后面的名词thenews构成动宾短语。结合句意，他要“报道”新闻，所以动词cover符合题意，表示“覆盖，报道”。本句话已经有谓语动词hastraveled，所以空格处要填非谓语形式，tocover做目的状语，他去这么多国家的目的是为了报道该新闻。故填tocover。【47题详解】考查名词。句意：另一种类型的风险是模型风险，似乎很少有银行仔细评估了所有正在使用的模型，以确定哪一个最好。分析句子结构，空格处于介词in后，所以空格处要填名词或动名词做介词宾语。结合句意，评估“正在使用的”模型，所以名词use符合题意，构成inuse短语，译为“在使用”。故填use。【48题详解】考查非谓语。句意：他把高尔夫球杆包在布里。由句意可知，动词wrap符合题意，表示“包，裹”在布里。分析句子结构，wrap做kept的宾补，wrap和宾语thegolfclub之间是被动关系，所以构成keepsthdone的结构，故填wrapped。【49题详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一个令人非常担忧的数字，因为比率已经如此之高，人们无法想象它还会再上升三分之一。分析句子结构，空格后是名词，空格前是副词，所以空格处需要形容词来修饰名词number。结合后文句意，人们无法想象这么高额的比例还会上涨，说明这个数字是让人们忧虑担心的。alarm的形容词形式alarming符合题意，表示“使人惊恐的；令人惊慌的”，故填alarming。【50题详解】考查非谓语。句意：她从事过很多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。由句意可知，后文的chief和swimminginstructor是对前文不同工作的具体举例说明，结合关键词to，构成rangefrom…to…短语，表示“范围从……到……”。分析句子结构，本句话已有谓语动词hashad，所以range要用非谓语形式ranging在句中作状语。故填ranging。

19【51题详解】考查名词。句意：您的支持让天平朝着我们这边倾斜。分析句子结构，空格前是形容词性物主代词our，所以空格处要填名词。结合句意，yoursupport肯定是对我们有益的，所以名词favor符合题意，构成固定短语inone’sfavor，译为“对某人有利”。故填favor。Directions:CompletethesentenceswiththewordsorphrasesgiveninproperformsEachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce.dedicated,payattentionto,comecross,involve,focuson,appealto,application,flood...with...52.Manycompaniesadopthybridworkmodels,removingthegeographicalbarriers,thus________awiderrangeofcompetentapplicants.53.Hebecameoneofthefirstmodernchefs________theappearanceofhistable,notjusttheflavorofhisdishes.54.Asarepresentativeofthehigh-technology,robottechnology________byeachcountryanditspeople.55Wechoseatandembicyclebecauseitmadeiteasiertocommunicatewitheachotheraboutinterestingpeopleandthingswe________duringthejourney.56.Themuseum’ssocialmediaaccount________messagesofsupportintherecentmonth.57.Theresearchproject________trackingthecareersof400graduates.58.Severalitemswetakeforgrantedlikememoryfoamandscratch-resistanteyeglasslensesarethe________ofNASAinventiontoourdailylife.59.Obviouslyanychildwhoreceives________teachingoveranextendedperiodislikelytoimprove.【答案】52.appealingto53.tofocuson54.ispaidattentionto55.cameacross56.hasbeenfloodedwith57.involves58.applications59.dedicated【解析】

20【52题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多公司采用混合工作模式，消除地理障碍，从而吸引更广泛的合格申请者。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格后面是名词短语awiderrangeofcompetentapplicants，空格前面是副词，所以空格处需要及物动词或短语，appealto“吸引”是及物动词短语，符合句意，这里需要用现在分词形式，做结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果。故答案是appealingto。【53题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他成为最早关注餐桌外观，而不仅仅是菜肴味道的现代厨师之一。分析句子结构和意思可知，名词modernchefs前面有序数词thefirst修饰，所以空格处需要动词短语的动词不定式结构，做后置定语，focuson“集中在……上”是动词短语，符合句意。故答案是tofocuson。【54题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：机器人技术作为高新技术的代表，受到各国及其民众的普遍关注。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处需要表示被动的谓语动词结构，payattentionto“关注”是动词短语，符合句意，这句话是描述现在的事实，所以谓语用一般现在时，主语是robottechnology，be用is。故答案是ispaidattentionto。55题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：我们之所以选择双人自行车，是因为它使我们更容易就旅途中遇到的有趣的人和事进行交流。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处是定语从句we________duringthejourney的谓语动词，comecross“偶遇”是动词短语，符合句意。这句话描述的是过去的事情，所以谓语用动词的一般过去式。故答案是cameacross。【56题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：最近一个月，博物馆的社交媒体账户上充满了支持的信息。分析句子结构和意思可知，句子有intherecentmonth做时间状语，所以空格处需要现在完成时的谓语动词，flood...with...“用……填满……”是动词短语，符合句意，主语Themuseum’ssocialmediaaccount和动词flood...with...是被动的关系，所以用现在完成时的被动结构，主语是单数，助动词用has。故答案是hasbeenfloodedwith。【57题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：该研究项目涉及跟踪400名毕业生的职业生涯。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处需要谓语动词，involve“涉及”是动词，符合句意。这句话描述的是现在是事实，所以谓语用一般现在时，主语是Theresearchproject，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故答案是involves。【58题详解】

21考查名词。句意：一些我们认为理所当然的东西，比如记忆海绵和防刮眼镜镜片是美国宇航局的发明在我们日常生活中的应用。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处需要名词的复数形式，表示泛指，application“应用”是名词，符合句意。故答案是applications。【59题详解】考查形容词。句意：显然，任何一个长期接受专门教育的孩子都有可能得到提高。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处需要形容词，dedicated“专门的”是形容词，符合句意。故答案是dedicated。Directions:CompletethesentenceswiththewordsorphrasesgiveninproperformsEachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce.locate,navigate,inherit,mine,threaten,with.identify,advance,operate,target,60.Itiscertainlythehigheststatetobeabletoseethrougheverything,________orretreatingfreely.61.Thismodelisthebest-selling,foritiseasy________,cost-effectiveandsustainable.62.Visibilitywasterrible;theonlywayourdrivercould________wastocranehisneckoutasidewindow.63.Scientistsclaim________naturalsubstanceswithcancer-combatingproperties.64.Underthebackgroundinthenewruralreconstructionsociety,itisgreatlysignificanttoprotecttheancientvillageinorderto________anddevelopthetraditionandthemodernage,thecultureandtheeconomy.65.________atthebottomofthemountain,theresortembracesafantasticviewandsweet-smellingair.66.Therawmaterialusedtomakepaperisstonewaste________fromconstructionsitesandotherindustrialwastedumps.67.The________audienceforthisadvertisementwasmainlyteenagers.68.________apaycutifhefailedtoturnupontimeforwork,hedidn’tstayuplateanymore.【答案】60.advancing61.tooperate62.navigate63.tohaveidentified64.inherit65.Located66.mined67.target68.Threatenedwith【解析】

22【60题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它当然是能够看穿一切，自由前进或后退的最高境界。根据“orretreatingfreely”可知，此处指自由的前进或后退，动词advance“前进”符合题意，空处和下文retreating并列，应用非谓语动词作状语，advance和逻辑主语It之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填advancing。【61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这种模式是最畅销的，因为它易于操作、成本效益高且可持续。根据“Thismodelisthebest-selling”推知，这种模型卖得好是因为它易于操作，动词operate“操作”符合题意，结合固定句型“主语+be+adj.+todo”，此处应填不定式。故填tooperate。【62题详解】考查动词。句意：能见度很差；我们的司机确定方位的唯一方法是把脖子伸出侧窗。根据“Visibilitywasterrible;theonlywayourdriver”推知，司机确定方位的唯一方法是把脖子伸出侧窗，动词navigate“确定方位”符合题意，情态动词could后接动词原形。故填navigate。【63题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家声称已经鉴定出具有抗癌特性的天然物质。根据“naturalsubstanceswithcancer-combatingproperties”可知，此处是指鉴定出了具有抗癌特性的天然物质，动词identify符合题意，根据claimtodo“声称做某事”，且“鉴定”发生在“声称”之前可知，应用不定式的完成式tohavedone。故填tohaveidentified。【64题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在新农村建设社会的背景下，保护古村落对于继承和发展传统与现代、文化与经济具有重要意义。根据“developthetradition”可知，此处是指继承和发展传统，动词inherit“继承”符合题意，根据inordertodo判断空处用动词原形。故填inherit。【65题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该度假村位于山脚下，风景优美，空气清新。根据“atthebottomofthemountain”可知，此处指度假村位于山脚，动词locate“使……位于”符合题意，空处为状语，应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语theresort和locate之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填Located。【66题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：用于造纸的原材料是从建筑工地和其他工业垃圾场开采的废石。根据“fromconstructionsitesandotherindustrialwastedumps”可知，此处是指原材料是从建筑工地和其他工业垃圾场开采的废石，动词mine“开采”符合题意，空处作后置定语，mine和逻辑主语stonewaste之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填mined。【67题详解】

23考查名词。句意：这则广告的目标受众主要是青少年。根据“wasmainlyteenagers”可知，该广告的目标受众主要是青少年，名词target“目标”符合题意，作定语，修饰名词audience。故填target。【68题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他受到威胁说，如果他不能按时上班就要减薪，他再也不熬夜了。根据“apaycutifhefailedtoturnupontimeforwork”可知，他受到了威胁，动词短语threatenwith“用……威胁……”符合题意，空处作状语，应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语he与threaten之间被动关系，应用过去分词。故填Threatenedwith。V.GuidedWriting:(10')69.假如你是高一学生林云，你校英语报Students’Post向全校学生征文，本期主题是“我认为最重要的一个品质”，你有意投稿。你的文章需包含：1.你认为的最重要的品质是什么；2.该品质为什么最重要。（可结合实例加以说明）注意：文章开头和结尾已给出，请完成中间部分的写作。字数100字以上。Qualitieswilldeterminewhatyoucanachieve.ThequalitywhichIthinkisofthemostimportanceis________.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________iswhathashelpedagreatnumberofachievementmakers,anditiswellworthpossessing.【答案】Qualitieswilldeterminewhatyoucanachieve.ThequalitywhichIthinkisofthemostimportanceisthespiritofcraftsmanship.Asweallknow,craftsmanshipismainlymadeupofperseverance,integrity,diligenceandexpertise.Taketheclockrestorationmaster,WangJin,forexample.Withskillfulhandsandamodestheart,Mr.Wangspenthiswholeliferestoringclocksdatingbackhundredsofyears,whichnotonlyhelpspreservetraditionalskillsbutalsobringstheclocksbacktolife.Mostimportantly,hisinnovationandunremittingdevotionensurethattheartofclockrepairingstandsthetestoftime.Therefore,frommyperspective,thespiritofcraftsmanship,whichincludesdevotingourselvestowork,sharpeningourskillsandovercomingdifficultieswithperseverance,isthenecessaryandsignificantqualityforushumanbeings.

24Thespiritofcraftsmanshipiswhathashelpedagreatnumberofachievementmakers,anditiswellworthpossessing.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇夹叙夹议文。请考生以“我认为最重要的一个品质”为题写一篇英文短文。【详解】1.词汇积累决定：determine→decide坚持不懈：perseverance→persistence确保：ensure→makesure奉献：devoteto→contributeto2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Asweallknow,craftsmanshipspiritismainlymadeupofperseverance,integrity,diligenceandexpertise.拓展句：Asweallknow,craftsmanshipspiritisanimportantqualitywhichismainlymadeupofperseverance,integrity,diligenceandexpertise.【点睛】[高分句型1]Withskillfulhandsandamodestheart,Mr.Wangspenthiswholeliferestoringclocksdatingbackhundredsofyears,whichnotonlyhelpspreservetraditionalskillsbutalsobringstheclocksbacktolife.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Mostimportantly,hisinnovationandunremittingdevotionensurethattheartofclockrepairingstandsthetestoftime.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）

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