2023年新高考英语压轴题专项训练 压轴题06 完形填空（原卷版）

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压轴题06完形填空完形填空是全国各地高考英语必考题型之一，它要求考生能够读懂一篇有空缺的文章的大意，根据已学知识，在整体理解的基础上，推导出未知内容。它具有主观性测试和客观性测试的双重优点。它既可以在语篇中考查考生英语基础知识，即词汇、语法知识，又可考查考生运用语言知识的能力，如词语搭配、习惯用法、词义辨析、语言交际、文化背景和社会风俗等。同时它还要求考生必须具备良好的把握上下文行文逻辑和篇章结构的能力。1．高考完形填空题的文章选材广泛，注重原汁原味，内容着重体现新课标所要求的“关注学生情感，提高人文素养”这一人文理念。文章体裁以记叙文为主。2．文章长度250词左右，一般设空20个，设空平均间距为10个词左右。首句不设空。3．考查以语篇内容理解为主，注重对文章语境的理解和把握。题型按语境进行分类，可分为句内层次题、句组层次题和语篇层次题。语法考查很少见。4．选项以考查实词为主，如名词、动词、形容词等；虚词为辅，如介词、连词等。5．此类完形填空多采用“记叙+议论”模式，先叙述后议论，后者往往是有感而发，是事件的主题升华。因此最后1-3段议论部分要与前边记叙部分相结合才能做出最佳选择。满分技巧：1.运用逻辑关系解题2.运用上下文解题3.运用主旨句解题4.运用常识解题5.运用文化常识或固定搭配解题6.运用排除法解题7.复现信息，找根源8.熟词生义，桥推断9.情态态度，慎思量解题思路第一步：通读全文，定中心，抓住明线完形填空的命题原则一般是文章第一句不设空，以使得考生快速进入语境，把握整篇文章。试题所选短文是一个整体，词、句、段三者之间存在一定的逻辑关系，因此解题时，考生首先要跳过空格浏览全文，从整体上理解文章大意，把握文章脉络。此时考生不必急于为每一个空白选出答案，可以利用上下文信息进行预测，部分地选出答案。对于没有把握的部分先不予处理，集中注意力于上下文，细心推敲，直至最后选出答案。

1另外，为了对文章进行准确理解和把握，考生要充分利用文章首句、首段来把握文章主旨大意。有时也应注意将文章的首尾联系起来，以便对文章的主旨把握得更准确。有些文章是按照事情发生、发展的顺序来展开，最后才点明故事的结局，揭示事件的哲理；只有读懂了故事的结局，吃透文章的寓意，考生才能对文章进行准确定位。第二步：仔细读文章，瞻前顾后，先易后难，抓住暗线有的考生在做完形填空题时，一看到比较熟悉的语法结构，如句子、短语等，便不假思索地去选答案，对特定的语境不作深入的理解，导致“定式思维”的错误。注意上下文逻辑推理和中英文差异。第三步：重检查，理清明暗线高考完形填空所选文章都堪称精品，其逻辑必是上下贯通，其结构也必是自然有序、脉络清晰。因此，做完一篇完形填空以后，考生心里对文章的线索、脉络以及主旨、寓意等也应该有一种很“明朗”的感觉；如果做完以后，还是似懂非懂，犹如“雾里看花”，那就证明对文章的把握还不到位，还需要复读全文，验证答案。考生可以从文章的内在逻辑入手，看所选答案是否经得起推敲，是否能自然融入整个语篇。如果有游离于文章主旨之外或与整篇文章的逻辑相矛盾的答案，就需要重新理解、修正。备考建议：1.重视对基础单词和搭配的掌握，尤其是对一些动词和动词短语的背诵记忆。2.重视对完形填空上下文逻辑关系的理解和推理能力的练习。3.做近五年高考真题，揣摩高考真题完形填空的考查特点和重点。（2023·湖北·华中师大一附中校考二模）Iwasanangryadolescentinmyfirstyearsofcollege.OnedayIhadaseriousfightwithmyfather.Isawhimas____1____andwantedtobreakfree.WebothexplodedinshoutsandI____2____outofthehouse.MymindracedwithangrythoughtsabouthimandIsighedallthewaytoschool.AsIranacrossthecampustowardstheclassroom,IsuddenlyrealizedthatIdidn’thavetheassignmentthatwas____3____:athoughtcard.ProfessorSimonhadexplainedthateveryTuesdaywemust____4____anindexcard,onwhichwewroteathought,aconcern,aquestionoranythingthat’sonourmindandthathewouldreturnthecardeveryWednesdaywithhis____5____oransweronit.Hestressedthatthecardwasour____6____toclassonTuesdays.Now,Iraceddownthehallway,tenminuteslatetoclass.Justoutsidethedoor,Itookoutanindexcardandwroteonit“Iamthesonofanidiot!”,asIcouldonlythinkaboutthe____7____I’djusthadwithmydad.ThenIdashedintotheroom,handedthecardtoDrSimonandtookmyseat.ThemomentIreachedmyseat,I___8___tellinghimthataboutmydad.Ididn’twantto____9____myselftohim.

2WednesdaymorningIgottotheclassearlyand_____10_____intheback.Dr.Simonbeganreturningourthoughtcards.Onmycardwaswritten,“Whatdoesthe‘sonofanidiot’dowiththerestofhislife?”Hisquestiongotrighttothe_____11_____oftheissue:Whoseproblemwasit?Whoseresponsibilitywasit?Dr.Simon’scommentkeptcomingupinmymindoverthenextfewweeks.Slowly,mythinkingbeganto_____12_____.PeoplebegantonoticethatIwastaking_____13_____formydoingsandchoices.Mygradesimproved.Myrelationshipwithmyfatheralsoimproved_____14_____.NowIsawhimasconcernedandcaring,insteadofcontrolling.Anditall_____15_____withaquestion,aninnocent-seemingquestion.1．A．controllingB．demandingC．frustratingD．confusing2．A．stoleB．stormedC．marchedD．paced3．A．boundB．properC．trickyD．due4．A．takeinB．letinC．bringinD．getin5．A．commentB．gradeC．criticismD．standard6．A．guideB．admissionC．entryD．contribution7．A．conflictB．raceC．talkD．deal8．A．deniedB．recalledC．regrettedD．delayed9．A．connectB．exposeC．recommendD．introduce10．A．stoodB．frozeC．criedD．hid11．A．causeB．heightC．heartD．surface12．A．shiftB．focusC．wanderD．form13．A．creditB．actionC．blameD．responsibility14．A．automaticallyB．mildlyC．dramaticallyD．swiftly15．A．helpedB．startedC．proceededD．concluded（2023·湖北·校联考二模）IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKidintroducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm-itwantedsomebodyas____16____asPaul-he____17____me.Idon’tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhave____18____theiragentsorthestudiopowers.Thefriendshipthat____19____theexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhadits____20____inthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference,webothcamefromatraditionof____21____andliveTV.We____22____craft(技艺)andfocusedon____23____thecharactersweweregoingtoplay.Bothofushadthe____24____andvirtuesthatare_____25_____ofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother-butalwayswithanunderlying_____26_____.Thosewerealsoatthecore(核心)ofour

3relationshipoffthescreen.Wesharedthe_____27_____thatifyou’refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshould_____28_____somethingback-hewithhisNewman’sOwnfoodforkidsinneed,andmewithSundance.PaulandIdidn’tseeeachotherallthatregularly,butsharingthatbroughtustogether.Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandbyshowingupat_____29_____.Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He’dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas,andwedidn’ttalkaboutit.Ourswasarelationshipthatdidn’tneedalotof_____30_____.16．A．handsomeB．famousC．tallD．smart17．A．supportedB．sponsoredC．enviedD．declined18．A．attendedtoB．turnedtoC．listenedtoD．appealedto19．A．wasruinedbyB．wasrestoredbyC．wasvaluedforD．wasdevelopedfrom20．A．resourceB．meaningC．rootD．motivation21．A．theaterB．danceC．musicD．sports22．A．admittedB．learnedC．respectedD．grasped23．A．arguingaboutB．approvingofC．runningintoD．digginginto24．A．responsibilitiesB．qualitiesC．reliabilitiesD．capacities25．A．uniqueB．ordinaryC．fundamentalD．typical26．A．sympathyB．inspirationC．affectionD．willingness27．A．goalB．beliefC．standardD．experience28．A．putB．takeC．giveD．bring29．A．screensB．eventsC．partiesD．concerts30．A．actionsB．promisesC．messagesD．words（2023·江苏镇江·江苏省镇江第一中学校考模拟预测）Anewweekbegan.Marcusenteredtheschool.____31____,hecriedout,“Whathappenedtothestadium?”Someonehadpaintedfacesonthestadiumwall!Allstudentswerewhisperingwith____32____aboutthegraffiti(涂鸦).Possibleexplanationsspreadlikewildfirearoundtheschool.Later,whenBriancleanedtheblackboard,Marcussuddenlyspottedthepaintonhishands.He____33____thatitwasBrianwhodidit.Afterschool,MarcusfollowedBrianand____34____onwhathewasdoing.WhenBrianopenedhislocker,Marcussawsmallcansofpaint!Hedecidedto____35____ittoMr.Johnson.Thenextmorning,Brianwascalledtotheprincipal’soffice.ThemomentMr.Johnson____36____askedaboutthegraffiti,Briancried.____37____,Brianexplainedthathelikedtopaint,buthecouldn’tjointheartclubbecausehehadtogo____38____homeafterschooltobabysithislittlebrother.“I’msorry.I’llcleanthe

4stadium,”hesobbed.Thoughangryatfirst,Mr.Johnsonbegantosoftenasherealizedhow____39____Brianwas.“Brian,paintinggraffitionschoolwallsisaveryseriousmatter.Ofcourseyoushouldcleanand_____40_____thewall.”Mr.Johnsonpaused,“_____41_____Imustsay,thosepaintingsarequitegood.Didyoudoitalone?”Briannodded,“Yes.I’mgoodatpainting.”Mr.Johnsonthoughtforamomentbeforemakinga(n)_____42_____.“Well,”hesaid,“someteacherssuggestedthatwehirealocalartisttopaintourschoolmascotontheschoolwall.Wouldyouliketoparticipateinthat?”“Really?”Brianhesitated,_____43_____tobelieveit.“Yes,butit’shardwork,andwecanconsideritpartofyour____44____,”Mr.Johnsonsaid,tryingtohidehis____45____ashepickedupthephone.31．A．GraduallyB．GenerallyC．UsuallyD．Suddenly32．A．curiosityB．disappointmentC．fearD．relief33．A．wipedB．examinedC．scanned.D．suspected34．A．spiedB．reflectedC．commentedD．hit35．A．makeB．reportC．describeD．retell36．A．hesitantlyB．patientlyC．directlyD．sympathetically37．A．AshamedB．SurprisedC．ExcitedD．Satisfied38．A．slowlyB．lateC．deliberatelyD．right39．A．fortunateB．miserableC．relaxedD．naughty40．A．repaintB．hideC．buildD．repair41．A．AndB．SoC．OrD．But42．A．promiseB．choiceC．decisionD．appointment43．A．unableB．unwillingC．unlikelyD．unhappy44．A．responsibilityB．talentC．devotionD．punishment45．A．regretB．angerC．smileD．pride（2023·广东广州·统考一模）Atschool,artclassisfun.We____46____withdifferenttechniquesandgenerallygetcreative.However,afieldtriptoanartgalleryisoften____47____.Lastyearmyartteacherorganizedatriptoanartexhibition.Thegallerywasfullofolderpeople,whoobviouslydidn’twanttobewith____48____students.Weallgot____49____andcouldn’tstopchatting.Ourteacherwasgetting____50____andkepttellingustobequiet.

5Thenextdaywecomplainedtoourteacheraboutthe____51____ofactivitiesforteensatartgalleries.She____52____thatavisitshouldbebotheducationalandfun.That’swhenIdecidedtogoonlineandlookforartgalleriesthathavespecial____53____forteens.Eventually,I____54____tofindahugerangeofactivitiesandproposedsometomyteacher.Ialsousedthe____55___tolearnaboutartists.Recently,IfoundacontemporaryartistcalledMartinBailey.I’ve___56___seenartistswhocombinedifferenttechniques,butBaileyistotallydifferent.Hedoesuniqueillustrationswith___57___householdobjectssuchasumbrellas,headphonesandevencookies.Hisartissimple,butitmakesyouseethings___58___.Forexample,henoticesthataflowerissimilartoamop(拖把)andputsthis_____59_____intolifebydrawingalittlemanwitharealflowermop.It’sreally____60____!IhopeI’llbeabletogotoanexhibitionofhisworkinthefuture.46．A．dealB．startC．struggleD．experiment47．A．disappointingB．challengingC．excitingD．interesting48．A．noisyB．carelessC．attentiveD．creative49．A．annoyedB．boredC．lostD．worried50．A．weakB．sensitiveC．stressedD．tired51．A．lackB．themeC．resultD．schedule52．A．announcedB．demandedC．suggestedD．agreed53．A．giftsB．pricesC．paintingsD．events54．A．happenedB．determinedC．managedD．expected55．A．activityB．internetC．tripD．exhibition56．A．alreadyB．neverC．merelyD．obviously57．A．usefulB．fancyC．suitableD．ordinary58．A．clearlyB．directlyC．differentlyD．critically59．A．designB．ideaC．plantD．tool60．A．abstractB．amusingC．strangeD．practical（2023·河北石家庄·统考一模）JonathanJones,12,wasovercomewithemotionafterhisprincipal,whoisalsocolorblind,lethim___61___hisuniqueglassesduringscienceclasslastweek.AssoonasJonesputtheglasseson,heappearedtobeimmediately___62___.Heinitiallysmiledandlaughed,buthe___63___momentslater.Hethenwalkedaroundtheclassroomexcitedly,___64___thenow–vividcolorsaroundhim.“IwasfeelingjoythatIcould___65___seeallthiscolor...andalittlebitof___66___thatIcouldn’tsee

6colormywholelife,”JonathantoldABCnews.Theboy’smotherposteda(n)___67___ofJonathanseeingcolorforthefirsttimeonlineandstartedaGoFundMecampaigntobuyapairoftheuniqueglassesforJonathan,whichreportedlycost$350.However,somanypeoplewere___68___byJonathan’sstory,andthecampaignactuallyendedup___69___morethan$25,000.Shewrote“Afterpostingthevideo,we’vebeentouchedbyhowmany_____70_____peoplehavewantedtohelphim.We’vehad_____71_____pairsdonatedtoJonathanandwilluse100%ofdonatedfundstopurchasecolorblindglassesforthosewhocan’t_____72_____them.”“Theglassescompanywill_____73_____everypairwepurchasewithafreepair,whichdoublesthenumberofpeoplewecan_____74_____,”shecontinued.ForJonathan,withthenewglassescomesanew_____75_____oftheworld.Hesaidhisfavoritecolorisblueandhe’sexcitedtovisittheCaribbeanthiswintersohecanseetheoceaninallitsglory.61．A．borrowB．polishC．removeD．adjust62．A．disappointedB．annoyedC．surprisedD．embarrassed63．A．calmeddownB．brokedownC．cheeredupD．wokeup64．A．mixingB．paintingC．changingD．exploring65．A．finallyB．rarelyC．constantlyD．occasionally66．A．tensionB．sadnessC．reliefD．shame67．A．pictureB．articleC．videoD．introduction68．A．movedB．shockedC．confusedD．entertained69．A．loaningB．costingC．savingD．collecting70．A．wealthyB．generousC．competentD．ambitious71．A．limitedB．cheapC．multipleD．fashionable72．A．findB．produceC．fixD．afford73．A．matchB．equipC．replaceD．compare74．A．treatB．instructC．helpD．accompany75．A．futureB．viewC．situationD．record（2023·湖南衡阳·统考二模）Astormblewupoverthestate.Inthemorning,Ifoundababybirdinthegallery.Hewaswetthrough,lookingvery___76__forhimself.Hewasalone,withno___77___around.Realizinghewas__78__bythestorm,Ipickedhimupandmadeabig“house”forhim,filledwithsomegrassand___79__Hewasvery____80____atfirst.Butastime____81____hefinallybecameoutgoingandsatonmyshoulderasIwalkedintheyard.Fromthenon,he____82____becameamemberofmyfamily.Heatesomeof

7thedog’smeatandsomeinsectsI____83____tofind.Twoweeksgoingby,hedecidedtoflyoffonhisown!Iwasgladhe____84____andwasabletolivehislifeasheshould.Aboutoneyearlater,Iwasintheyardagain,thistimehangingoutsome____85____whenabigbirdflewdownand____86____onmyshoulder!Hewasnotabit____87____andIknewitwashim.Stayingforawhile,heflewoffupintothe____88____,disappearing.Awildbirdcamebacktosay,“Thankyoufor____89____me.”Fantastic!____90____thelittlething,Iexperiencedastrongsenseofsatisfaction.76．A．sorryB．gratefulC．proudD．happy77．A．foodB．signC．parentD．people78．A．foundB．attackedC．destroyedD．troubled79．A．flowersB．branchesC．treesD．toys80．A．noisyB．relievedC．satisfiedD．quiet81．A．wentawayB．brokeoutC．passedbyD．caughtup82．A．officiallyB．secretlyC．luckilyD．surprisingly83．A．expectedB．intendedC．promisedD．managed84．A．escapedB．recoveredC．restedD．survived85．A．washingsB．teachingsC．buildingsD．findings86．A．drankB．sleptC．ateD．landed87．A．astonishedB．angryC．afraidD．calm88．A．galleryB．yardC．houseD．sky89．A．servingB．rescuingC．curingD．making90．A．ThankstoB．InspiteofC．InadditiontoD．Nextto（2023·江苏南京·统考模拟预测）Owingtotherecentpandemic（流行病）researchershavebeentryingtofindmorewaystokillviruses,andoneresultoftheirworkinvolves___91___.Ithaslongbeenknownthatultraviolet（UV）（紫外线的）lightcandestroymicrobessuchasbacteriaandviruses.Itisalreadyusedasacleaningagentinhospitalsandto___92___airandwaterbutonlywhenpeoplearen'taround.That'sbecausetherearethreetypesofUVlight:UVA,UVBandUVC．andtheyareall___93___tohumans.UVAandUVBexposurecan___94___skincancer,whileUVBisresponsibleforsunburns.UVClightismostlyabsorbedbytheEarth'satmosphere,butitisevenmoredangerous.ArtificialUVClightcanpassthroughtheouterlayerofskinandeyecellsto___95___thelivingcellsunderneath.___96___,thereisatypeofUVClight,knownasfar-UVC,whichdoesnotpassthroughtheouterlayerof

8cells.Butstudiesofthelong-termeffectsoffar-UVConhumans,___97___studiesongroupscomprisingmorethan20people,arenotavailable.ResearcherDavidBrennerhashelpeddevelopafar-UVClightthatkillsvirusesandbacteria.Inanormal-sizedroom,fivelamps___98___thenumberofmicrobesby98percentinlessthanfiveminutes.Toachieveresultslikethisthroughventilation（通风设备）alone,theairwouldhavetobechanged184timesperhour,whichiscurrently___99___.Evenatlowersettings,thelampsstillkilled92percentofvirusesin15minutes.CountriesvaryintheirstandardsforhowmuchUVlightpeopleareallowedtobe____100____to.SinceBrenner'steamwasoperatingintheUnitedStates,heobservedAmerican____101____,whicharelessstrictthanthoseofsomecountriessuchasGermany.ButevenworkingwithinGermany'slowerlimitofUVlightexposure,Brenner'slightsstilldecreasethenumberofmicrobes____102____.Brennerarguesthatusingthelights,even____103____Germany'sregulations,wouldlikelyhavereducedthenumberofpeoplewhodiedfromCovid-19.Inthefuture,far-UVClampsmaybe____104____inallpublicspaces.Researchershopethatinstallationanduseofsuchlampscouldpreventfuture____105____.Althoughmoreextensiveresearchneedstobedone,thereishopethatthiswillbetheireffect.91．A．electricityB．soundC．lightD．air92．A．cleanB．separateC．produceD．mix93．A．beneficialB．harmfulC．influentialD．essential94．A．turntoB．refertoC．owetoD．leadto95．A．damageB．avoidC．protectD．absorb96．A．MoreoverB．HoweverC．ThereforeD．Meanwhile97．A．asmuchasB．asforC．asaresultofD．aswellas98．A．increasedB．explodedC．reducedD．lightened99．A．definiteB．impossibleC．realisticD．sensible100．A．extendedB．coveredC．exposedD．warned101．A．standardsB．featuresC．policiesD．orders102．A．permanentlyB．instantlyC．completelyD．significantly103．A．designingB．obeyingC．applyingD．experimenting104．A．commonB．unusualC．seldomD．doubtful105．A．lampsB．projectsC．pandemicsD．diseases（2023·安徽安庆·枞阳县会宫中学统考二模）OnedayIwasapproachingseveralmassivecreatureswhenI

9cametoasuddenstop.Itwaswellbeyondmethatthesehugeanimalsshouldbelimitedbyonlysomeropes.Itwas____106____thattheanimalscouldeasilyescapefromthesesmallropestiedtotheirfrontlegs.However,_____107_____,theydidnot.Ispotteda____108____closebyandwonderedwhytheelephantsjust____109____wheretheywereandhadnointentiontobreakaway.“Well,”hereplied,“asthey’revery_____110_____wetiethemwiththesame____111____ropeandit’senoughto____112____themfortheirage.Astheygrowup,they’re_____113_____toholdthebeliefthattheycanneverrunaway.Theythinktheropesareboundto_____114_____holdthem,sotheydonotstruggletobreakfree.”Iwas____115____.Thelargeanimalscouldeasilymoveawayfromtheir_____116_____buttheyfelttheycouldn’t,sotheywere_____117_____rightthere.Inourlifeanumberofpeopleare_____118_____withthesamewrongself-limitingbelief—I’mnotexcellentenoughorwhytryitifI’mnotgoingto____119____it.However,weoughtn’tto____120____ourcapability,talentandpotential.Instead,weshouldbelieveinourselves.Afterall,weneedtochangewiththetimesandthinkoutsidethebox.106．A．importantB．obviousC．necessaryD．hopeful107．A．atthattimeB．fromthenonC．inthatcaseD．forsomereason108．A．trainerB．teacherC．doctorD．businessman109．A．sleptB．ateC．stoodD．relaxed110．A．thinB．youngC．weakD．ill111．A．sizeB．colorC．styleD．length112．A．attractB．trainC．cheatD．hold113．A．encouragedB．conditionedC．taughtD．forced114．A．stillB．evenC．justD．hardly115．A．thrilledB．interestedC．shockedD．disappointed116．A．ownersB．thoughtsC．habitatsD．bonds117．A．stuckB．killedC．soldD．fed118．A．laughedatB．toldoffC．broughtupD．reliedon119．A．meanB．catchC．getD．make120．A．controlB．underestimateC．ignoreD．develop

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