资源描述：
《上海复旦大学附属中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期中考试英语线上试卷（原卷版）》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
2024届高一教学阶段性评估英语试卷（考试时间：90分钟；满分：120分）I.GrammarandVocabulary（1*32=32分）SectionADirections:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.________intosomanyfrustrationsandhardshipsthroughmycareer,Icaneasily________totheleadingcharacter’sstruggletofindfinancialsuccess.A.Running…identifyB.Running…relateC.Havingrun…identifyD.Havingrun…relate2.ThoughsuchinternationalorganizationsastheUnitedNationsarelong________,somestillbelieveinthe________ofjunglejusticetorelationsbetweencountries.A.established…adjustmentB.established…applicationC.abandoned…adjustmentD.abandoned…application3.AfteranEdwardiandinnerparty,thewomenwould________tothedrawingroomwhilethemenremainedatthediningtabletotalkfreelyaboutthetopicsseenastoo________forwomentoworrythemselvesabout.A.migrate…challengingB.migrate…appealingC.retire…challengingD.retire…appealing4.Asportwithabroomonice________requiresbowling________makescurlingoneofthemostuniquesportsoutthere.A.that…precisionB.that…diversityC./…precisionD./…diversity5.Todaywegatherto________PierredeCoubertin,whoin1894resurrectedalegendaryancientritualthathadbeen________tohumanityformorethan15centuries.A.appreciate…lostB.appreciate…extinctedC.celebrate…lostD.celebrate…extincted6.Stranded________abeachinArgentinaandsufferingfromseveredehydrationweresixkillerwhaleseach________between3and4tons.A.on…weighedB.on…weighing
1C.off…weighedD.off…weighing7.AlthoughShanghai’scasenumbersremainsmallbyglobal________,thecityhasemergedasatestbedforChina’s“dynamicclearance”anti-Covidstrategy,which_________totest,traceandcentrallyquarantineallpositivecasesandtheirclosecontacts.A.connections…tendsB.connections…seeksC.standards…tendsD.standards…seeks8.Jiangsucuisine,oneoftheeightculinary________ofChina,isknownforits________-shapeddishes.A.traditions…elaboratelyB.traditions…humanelyC.recipes…elaboratelyD.recipes…humanely9.Inrugby,youcan________theballfromthehandsorunderthearmofthecarrier________committingafoulifyou’restandingonyourfeetinanonsideposition.A.crush…withoutB.crush…ratherthanC.grab…withoutD.grab…ratherthan10.Asarespectedzoologicalinstitution,SeaWorldnotonly________,rehabilitatesandreturnstonaturehundredsofwildanimalseveryyearbutalsogenerously________conservationandscientificresearch.A.rescues…focusesonB.rescues…fundsC.releases…focusesonD.releases…funds11.ThewinningshotgavetheSerbianteamatwo-sets-to-one________,butChinadidn’tfalterbeforethis________competitor.A.start…intenseB.start…toughC.lead…intenseD.lead…tough12.Nowthatalltherestaurantsinthecityareclosed,Iwonderwhat________ofmyroommatewho________outfourdaysaweekandfeedsontakeawaysintherest.A.hasbecome…hangsB.hasbecome…dinesC.isbecome…hangsD.isbecome…dines13.Apenistoawriter________aswordistoawarrior.A.whatB.whileC.thatD.which14.________hadexpectedtheretobeawar________thecountryimmediately.A.Who…wasfledB.Who…fledC.Whoever…wasfledD.Whoever…fled15.________astheculpritsbehindclimatechangeisafactthatmostcitydwellerswouldn’taccept________.
2A.Beingregarded…itB.Beingregarded…/C.Regarded…itD.Regarded…/16.InthenewTOFELtest,therearequestions________testtakers________read,listenandthenspeakintoamicrophone.A.which…mustB.which…needC.where…must`D.where…need17.Manisalwayspursuingprofit,sometimes_________evenunaware________hehasdoneisharmfultotheenvironment.A.is…thatB./…thatC.is…whatD./…what18.Neveraskachild________helikesordislikesafoodandjusttakeitforgrantedthathelikeseverythingandheprobably________.A.that…willB.that…canC.whether…willD.whether…can19.Technologyissupposedtomakeourliveseasier,butit________alsobefrustratingattimes.A.mustB.canC.willD.should20.Manyadultsreportthatevenwhenoutinnature,they________nottakethetimetoadmireaspectacularmountain________pullingouttheirsmartphonetotakeapicture.A.may…beforeB.may…afterC.should…beforeD.should…after21.BecauseLincolnhadsolittleschooling,journaliststhoughthe________nothavebeenverysmart.A.mustB.shallC.couldD.would22.Herroundfigure,seenintheTangDynasty,________theadmirableimage.A.wouldhavebeenconsideredB.wouldhaveconsideredC.hadconsideredD.musthavebeenconsideredSectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.WhatisitaboutAmericansandfood?Welovetoeat,butwefeel______23______aboutitafterward.We
3saywewantonlythebest,butwestrangelyenjoyjunkfood.We’reobsessedwithhealthandweightlossbutfaceanunprecedentedepidemicofobesity(肥胖).Perhapsthe______24______tothisambivalence(矛盾情结)liesinourhistory.ThefirstEuropeanscametothiscontinentsearchingfornewspicesbutwentinvain.Thefirstcashcrop(经济作物)wasn’teatenbutsmoked.ThentherewasProhibition,______25______toprohibitdrinkingbutactuallyencouragingmore______26______waysofdoingit.Theimmigrantexperience,too,hasbeenoneofinharmony.DoasRomansdomeanseatingwhat“realAmericans”eat,butournation’sfoodhascometobe______27______byimports—pizza,say,orhotdogs.Andsomeofthecountry’smosttreasuredcookingcomesfrompeoplewhoarrivedhereinshackles.Perhapsitshouldcomeasnosurprisethenthatfoodhasbeenamediumforthenation’sdefiningstruggles,whetherattheBostonTeaPartyorthesit-insatsouthernlunchcounters.Itisintegraltoourconceptsofhealthandevenmoralitywhetheronerefrainsfromalcoholforreligiousreasonsorevadesmeatasapolitical______28______.Butstrongopinionshavenotbrought______29______.Americansareambivalent（矛盾的）aboutwhattheyputintheirmouths.Wehavebecome______30______ofourfoods,especiallyaswelearnmoreaboutwhattheycontain.The______31______infoodisstillprosperousintheAmericanconsciousness.It’snocoincidence,then,thatthefirstThanksgivingholdstheAmericanimaginationinsuchbondage(束缚).It’swhatweeat—andhowwe_______32_______itwithfriends,family,andstrangers—thathelpdefineAmericaasacommunitytoday.II.ReadingComprehension（1*15+2*19=53分）SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Isgrowthgoodforbiodiversity?Toanswerthequestion,itis____33____todefinewhatwemeanbygrowth.Isgrowthgrossdomesticproduct(GDP),the“monetaryvalueofallthefinishedgoodswithinacountry’sborders?”Ordoesitmeanimprovingthehuman____34____ofliving?Today,whenpeoplesaygrowth,theymeanGDP,ameasurethatisover70yearsold.ActuallyGDPdemonstratesnegative____35____forbiodiversity,asthis“growth”measuresonlymoneyinflowswhilefarmoreimportantisthebalancesheet,whichshows____36____anddebts.Asbiodiversitydeliversnocash,ithasnoplaceinGDPsystem,butbiodiversityprovidestheassetsideofthebalancesheet,suchasforests,rivers,wetlandsandanimals—the____37____goeson.ItisarguedthatgrowthisgoodforbiodiversityinthelongrunasthereisanenvironmentalKuznetscurve
4where____38____conditionsgetworseintheearlystagesofmoderneconomicgrowth,butimproveonceagrowthlevelhasbeenreached.Accordingtosomepeople,onceGDPhasbeenhigh,moreresourcesareto____39____inconservation,andnewtechnologiesareusedtoprotectnature.Theysaidpeoplewouldhavemoreinterestinprotectingtheenvironment,andsomeoftheforestsstartedtoreturnandmany____40____werealmosteliminated.StandinginAmericatodayitmightappearthattheenvironmentalKuznetscurveworks.Atfirstsightthereappearstobea____41____.TodaytheUSGDPisincreasingwhilemanypreciousspeciespopulationsarealsorecovering.Suchconditions,accordingtosomepeople,canbeexplainedbygreaterefficiencyincarsormoreefficientagriculturalproduction.But_____42_____,themajorityofthenegativeimpactshavesimplybeenexported.Thehigh-pollutingindustrieshavebeenoutsourcedtodevelopingnations._____43_____,thebitterestpunishmentsarelargelyfeltbeyondtheborderswhileweAmericansareenjoyinghighGDPandselfishbiodiversityatthesametime.ThiscanbeseenintheWWFannualReport,wherespeciespopulation_____44_____areincreasingby7%inhigh-incomecountriesanddeclininginmiddle-andlow-incomecountriesby31%and60%_____45_____.Itisself-evidentthatgrowth,ascurrently_____46_____,hasamajornegativeimpactuponbiodiversity.WhatneedstochangeisthedefinitionofgrowthfromaGDP-essentialconcepttoabalance-sheet_____47_____.Organizationsandworldcommunityshouldworkoncreatingnewvisionorreformthatwillhelpensurearealbalancebetweenanimprovingstandardofhumanlifeandathrivingbiodiverselandscape.33.A.criticalB.naturalC.challengingD.neutral34.A.flexibilityB.expansionC.standardD.philosophy35.A.scoresB.emotionsC.aspectsD.implications36.A.competitionsB.propertiesC.responsibilitiesD.deficits37.A.tendencyB.practiceC.listD.mindset38.A.commercialB.geographicalC.environmentalD.culinary39.A.investB.seekC.releaseD.redirect40.A.suspectsB.pollutantsC.opponentsD.dominants41.A.chainB.logicC.penaltyD.strategy42.A.asaresultB.aboveallC.infactD.toourrelief43.A.FundamentallyB.MoreoverC.WhateverD.Therefore44.A.studiesB.phasesC.scalesD.trends45.A.respectivelyB.properlyC.graduallyD.fortunately46.A.evaluatedB.definedC.provedD.corrected
547.A.agreementB.contractC.approachD.packageSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingfourpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.（A）Havingworkedata7-Elevenstorefortwoyears,IthoughtIhadbecomesuccessfulatwhatourmanagercalls“customerrelations”.Ifirmlybelievedthatafriendlysmileandanautomatic“sir”,“ma’ma”,and“thankyou”wouldseemethroughanysituationthatmightarise,fromcomfortingimpatientorunpleasantpeopletoapologizingforgivingoutthewrongchange.Buttheothernightanoldwomanshatteredmybeliefthatasimpleandplainresponsecouldsmoothovertheroughspotsofdealingwithallkindsofcustomers.Themomentsheentered,thewomanpresentedasharpcontrasttoourshinystorewithitsbrightlightingandneatlyarrangedshelves.Walkingasifeachstepwerepainful,sheslowlypushedopentheglassdoorandhobbled(蹒跚)downthenearestaisle.Shecougheddryly,wheezing(气喘吁吁)witheachbreath.Onaforty-degreenight,shewaswearingonlyafadeddress,athinsweatertoosmalltobutton,andblackslipperswiththebackscutouttoexposecalloused(满是老茧的)heels.Therewerenostockingsorsocksonherblue-veinedlegs.Afterwanderingaroundthestoreforseveralminutes,theoldwomanstoppedinfrontoftherowsofcannedvegetables.Shepickedupacanofcornandstaredwithastrangeintensityatthelabel.Atthatpoint,Idecidedtobeagood,politeemployeeandaskedherifsheneededhelp.AsIstoodclosetoher,mysmilebecamehardertomaintain;herred-rimmedeyeswerepartiallyclosedbyyellowishcrusts(痂);herhandswerecoveredwithlayeruponlayerofdirt,andthestale(陈腐的)smellofsweatrosefromclothes.“Ineedsomefood,”shemutteredinreplytomybright“CanIhelpyou?”“Areyoulookingforcorn,ma’am?”“Ineedsomefood,”sherepeated,“Anykind.”“Well,thecornisninety-fivecents,”Isaidinmymosthelpfulvoice.“Ican’tpay,”shesaid.Forasecond,Iwastemptedtosay,“Takethecorn.”Buttheemployeerulesfloodedintomymind:Remainpolite,butdonotletcustomersgetthebestofyou.Letthemknowthatyouareincontrol.Foramoment,Ievenentertainedtheideathatthiswassomesortoftest,andthatthiswomanwassomeonefromtheheadoffice,testingmyloyalty.Irespondeddutifully,“I’msorry,butIcan’tgiveawayanythingforfree.”Theoldwoman’sfacecollapsedabitmore,andherhandstrembledassheputthecanbackontheshelf.She
6shuffled(拖着脚走)pastmetowardthedoor,hertornanddirtyclothingbarelycoveringherbentback.Momentsaftersheleft,Irushedoutofthedoorwiththecanofcorn,butshewasnowhereinsight.Fortherestofmyshift,theimageofthewomanhaunted(萦绕)me.Ihadbeenyoung,healthyandproud.Shehadbeenold,sickanddesperate.WishingwithallmyheartthatIhadactedlikeahumanbeingratherthanarobot,Iwassaddenedtorealizehowweakaholdwehaveonourbetterinstincts.48.Howdidthewriterfeelabouthisjobat7-Elevenbeforetheoldwomancame?AHewasquitesatisfiedwithhisservicemanner.BHefoundroomforimprovementindevelopingcustomerrelations.C.Heconsideredhimselfsuccessfulindealingwithallinterpersonalrelations.D.Hethoughthimselfexperiencedafterworkinginthestorefortwoyears.49.Thedetailedaccountoftheoldwomanisintendedtoshow________.A.howshepresentedasharpcontrasttotheothercustomersB.howsick,pooranddesperateforhelpshewasC.howshesurprisedthewriterwithherunusualappearanceD.howinappropriateitwasforhertoenteraplacelikethis50.What’sthemeaningofthephrase“getthebestof”accordingtothepassage?A.Tomakethemostof.B.Tobringoutthebestof.C.Towinanadvantageover.D.Tobringintofullplay.51.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.WhatIf.B.HowCome.C.IfOnly.D.NeverEver.（B）2018FudanUniversityChineseLanguageProgramforInternationalStudents(SpringSemesterIntake)ABOUTINTERNATIONALCULTUTRALEXCHANGESCHOOL,ICES,FUDANUNIV.InternationalCulturalExchangeSchool,ICES,istheinstitutionspecializedinprovidingChineselanguageandcultureprogramsforinternationalstudentsinFudanUniversity.ICESisappointedtobeoneofthefirstfourbasesofTeachingChinesetoSpeakersofOtherLanguagesinChina.Weacceptinternationalstudentsforlongtermandshorttermlanguageprograms,generaladvancedandothertailor-madeprograms.ICESalsoprovidedegreeprogramsforundergraduatesmajoringinChineseLanguage&CultureandBusinessChinese,andforMastercandidatesmajoringin
7TeachingChinesetoSpeakersofOtherLanguagesMAINCOURSESThemaincoursesincludeintensivereading,extensivereading,listening,speakingandwriting.OptionalcoursesincludingPronunciation,ShanghaiDialect,ChineseMovie,Chinesesayingsandproverbs,etc.arealsoprovided.SpecialCharacterWritingclassissetupforoverseasChineseoriginstudents.Therewillbeabout20classhoursperweekforeachlevel.★Optionalcoursecouldbedifferenteveryyear.ABOUTCHINESEPROFICIENCYTEST,HSK&BUSINESSCHINESETEST,BCTChineseProficiencyTest,HSKandBusinessChineseTest,BCTarenationalexaminationsheldbyHANBAN,ConfuciusInstituteHeadquarters,whicharewidelyrecognizedinternationally.ICESisauthorizedtestcentersforbothtests.ICESholdsHSKtests5timesinayear,fordetailedschedulepleasecall+86-21-65642256.APPLYINGStudyPeriod:Rangesfromhalf-yeartotwoyears.ThespringsemesterrunsfromFebruarytoJuly,andtheautumnsemesterfromSeptembertoJanuary.★FinaltuitioncriteriaaresubjecttoenrolmentpricingannouncedbyFinancialOfficeofFudan.ApplicationRequirements:Applicantmustbeacitizenofaforeigncountrybetween18and60yearsofage,ingoodmentalandphysicalhealth.Applicationperiods:1.ApplicationsbeginonOctober8.DeadlineofsubmittingapplicationmaterialsisDecember10.2.AutumnSemester:ApplicationsbeginonMarch14.DeadlineofsubmittingapplicationmaterialsisJune10.HowtoApply:1.Logontohttp://iso.fudan.edu.cn,andenterUniversity’sOnlineApplicationSystemthroughE-Application.2.Theonlineapplicationprocedureisasfollows:Registeringandactivatingaccount→Fillinginapplication→Submittingapplication→PayingapplicationfeeonOnlineApplicationSystem→Waitingforapplicationresult.TheProgramDurationareasfollows:2018SpringSemester,onesemesterProgram:DurationofMajorStudy(From):2018-02-26,(To):2018-07-07ContactInformation:
8Room909,EastMain,GuangHuaBuilding,InternationalCulturalExchangeSchool,FudanUniversity220HanDanRoad,Shanghai200433,ChinaTel:+86-21-65643652Fax:+86-21-55664859E-mail:yuyansheng@fudan.edu.cnhttp://www.ices.fudan.edu.cnhttp://iso.fudan.edu.cn,APPLICATIONFEESANDMATERIALSARENON-RETURNABLE.52.Whichisacompulsorycourseintheprogram?A.Characterwriting.B.Speaking.C.Chinesesayings.D.Chineseculture.53.Accordingtothepassage,whichstatementistrueabouttheprogram?A.Anapplicantcan’tbeawareoftheapplicationresultbeforeheorshefinishesthepayment.B.ICESisthefourthgreatbaseofTeachingChinesetoSpeakersofOtherLanguagesinChina.C.Thepaymentforapplicationisrefundable.D.Youcancall+86-21-65643652forfurtherinformationaboutthetimetableofHSKtests.54.Whomightbeaqualifiedapplicant?A.Daisy,17yearsold,American,interestedinChinese,passedtheBCT.B.Yuan,23yearsold,Chinese,haveInternetaccesstilltheendofDecember.C.Fiamma27yearsold,NewZealander,failedinlastHSKtest.D.Zoe,24yearsold,Indonesian,noInternetaccessuntiltheendofDecember.（C）Wehaveacrisisonourhands.Youmeanglobalwarming?Theworldeconomy?No,thedeclineofreading.Peoplearejustnotdoingitanymore,especiallytheyoung.Who’sresponsible?Actually,it’smorelike,whatisresponsible?TheInternet,ofcourse,andeverythingthatcomeswithit—Facebook,Twitter.Youcanwriteyourownlist.There’sbeenawarningabouttheimmediatedeathofliteratecivilizationforalongtime.Inthe20thcentury,firstitwasthemovies,thenradio,thentelevisionthatseemedtospelldoomforthewrittenworld.Nonedid.Readingsurvived;infactitnotonlysurvived,ithasdevelopedquickly.Theworldismoreliteratethaneverbefore—therearemoreandmorereaders,andmoreandmorebooks.Thefactthatweoftengetourreadingmaterialonlinetodayisnotsomethingweshouldworryover.The
9electronicanddigitalrevolutionofthelasttwodecadeshasarguablyshownthewayforwardforreadingandforwriting.Takethearrivalofe-bookreadersasanexample.DeviceslikeKindlemakereadingmoreconvenientandarealotmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanthetraditionalpaperbook.Astechnologymakesnewwaysofwritingpossible,newwaysofreadingarepossible.Inter-connectivityallowsforthepossibilityofareadingexperiencethatwasbarelyimaginablebefore.Wheretraditionalbookshadtomakedowithphotographsandillustrations,ane-bookcanprovidereaderswithanunlimitednumberoflinks:totexts,picturesandvideos.Inthefuture,thewaypeoplewritenovels,historyandphilosophywillresemblenothingseeninthepast.Ontheotherhand,thereisthedangeroftrivialization.OneTwittergroupisofferingitsfollowerssingle-sentence-long“digest”ofthegreatnovels.WarandPeaceinasentence?Youmustbejoking.Weshouldfearthefragmentation(碎片化)ofreading.Thereisthedangerthatthehigh-speedconnectivityoftheInternetwillreduceourattentionspan—thatwewillbeincapableofreadinganythingoflengthorwhichrequiresdeepconcentration.Insuchafast-changingworld,inwhichrealityseemstoberemadeeachday,weneedtheabilitytofocusandunderstandwhatishappeningtous.Thishasalwaysbeenthefunctionofliteratureandweshouldbecarefulnottoletitdisappear.Oursocietyneedstobeabletoimaginethepossibilityofsomeoneutterlyintunewithmoderntechnologybutabletomakesenseofadynamic,confusingworld.Inthe15thcentury,JohannesGuttenberg’sinventionoftheprintingpressinEuropehadahugeimpactoncivilization.Onceuponatimethephysicalbookwasachallengingthing.Weshouldrememberthisbeforeweassumethattechnologyisouttodestroytraditionalculture.55.Thefollowingareallcitedasadvantagesofe-booksEXCEPT_________.A.multiformcontentB.environmentalfriendlinessC.convenienceforreadersD.imaginativedesign56.Theunderlinedword“trivialization”inthefifthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto“______”.A.makingthingsunimportantandlessseriousB.reducingpeople’sattentionspanC.makingthingsfunnylikeajokeD.offering“single-sentence-long”novels57.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.WearefacingtheproblemofdecliningofreadingduetothefastdevelopmentoftheInternet.B.Thesingle-sentence-long“digests”canhelpusreadthegreatnovelswithease.C.Peopleneedtheknowledgeofmoderntechnologyinordertosurviveinthefast-changingsociety.D.Theauthorisconcernedaboutthenegativeeffectoftechnologyontraditionalculture.
1058.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Technologypushesthewayforwardforreadingandwriting.B.Inter-connectivityisafeatureofthenewreadingexperience.C.Technologyisanopportunityandachallengefortraditionalreading.D.Technologyoffersagreatervarietyofthereadingexperience.（D）Bynowyou’veprobablyheardaboutthe“you’renotspecial”speech,whenEnglishteacherDavidMcCulloughtoldgraduatingseniorsatWellesleyHighSchool:“Donotgettheideayou’reanythingspecial,becauseyou’renot.”Mothersandfatherspresentattheceremony—andawholelotofotherparentsacrosstheInternet—tookissuewithMcCullough’sego-puncturingwords.Butlostintheuproarwassomethingwereallyshouldbetakingtoheart:ouryoungpeopleactuallyhavenoideawhetherthey’reparticularlytalentedoraccomplishedornot.Inoureagernesstoelevatetheirself-esteem,weforgottoteachthemhowtorealisticallyassesstheirownabilities,acrucialrequirementforgettingbetteratanythingfrommathtomusictosports.Infact,it’snotjustprivilegedhigh-schoolstudents:wealltendtoviewourselvesasaboveaverage.Suchinflatedself-judgmentshavebeenfoundinstudyafterstudy,andit’softenexactlywhenwe’releastcompetentatagiventaskthatwerateourperformancemostgenerously.Ina2006studypublishedinthejournalMedicalEducation,forexample,medicalstudentswhoscoredthelowestonanessaytestwerethemostcharitableintheirself-evaluations,whilehigh-scoringstudentsjudgedthemselvesmuchmorestringently.Poorstudents,theauthorsnote,“lackinsight”intotheirowninadequacy.Whyshouldthisbe?Anotherstudy,ledbyCornellUniversitypsychologistDavidDunning,offersanenlighteningexplanation.Peoplewhoareincompetent,hewriteswithcoauthorJustinKruger,sufferfroma“dualburden”:they’renotgoodatwhattheydo,andtheirveryineptnesspreventsthemfromrecognizinghowbadtheyare.InDunningandKruger’sstudy,subjectsscoringatthebottomoftheheapontestsoflogic,grammarandhumor“extremelyoverestimated”theirtalents.Althoughtheirtestscoresputtheminthe12thpercentile,theyguessedtheywereinthe62nd.Whattheseindividualslacked(inadditiontoclearlogic,propergrammarandasenseofhumor)was“metacognitiveskill”:thecapacitytomonitorhowwellthey’reperforming.Intheabsenceofthatcapacity,thesubjectsarrivedatanoverlyhopefulviewoftheirownabilities.There’saparadoxhere,theauthorsnote:“Theskillsthatengendercompetenceinaparticulardomainareoftentheverysameskillsnecessarytoevaluatecompetenceinthatdomain.”Inotherwords,togetbetteratjudginghowwellwe’redoingatanactivity,wehavetogetbetterattheactivityitself.
11Thereareacoupleofwaysoutofthisdoublebind.First,wecanlearntomakehonestcomparisonswithothers.Trainyourselftorecognizeexcellence,evenwhenyouyourselfdon’tpossessit,andcomparewhatyoucandoagainstwhattrulyexcellentindividualsareabletoaccomplish.Second,seekoutfeedbackthatisfrequent,accurateandspecific.Findacriticwhowilltellyounotonlyhowpoorlyyou’redoing,butjustwhatitisthatyou’redoingwrong.AsDunningandKrugernote,successindicatestousthateverythingwentright,butfailureismoreambiguous:anynumberofthingscouldhavegonewrong.Usethisexternalfeedbacktofigureoutexactlywhereandwhenyouscrewedup.Ifweadoptthesestrategies—andmostimportantly,teachthemtoourchildren—theywon’tneedparents,oracommencement(毕业典礼)speaker,totellthemthatthey’respecial.They’llalreadyknowthattheyare,orhaveaplantogetthatway.59.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A.SpecialorNot?TeachKidsToFigureItOutB.Let’sAdmitThatWeAreNotThatSpecialC.TipsOnMakingOurselvesMoreSpecialD.TellTheTruth:KidsOverestimatetheirTalents60.Theauthorthinkstherealproblemisthat______.A.wedon’tknowwhetherouryoungpeoplearetalentedornotB.youngpeopledon’tknowhowtoassesstheirabilitiesrealisticallyC.norequirementissetupforyoungpeopletogetbetterD.wealwaystendtoconsiderourselvestobeprivileged61.WhichisNOTmentionedaboutpoorstudentsaccordingtothepassage?A.Theyusuallygivethemselveshighscoresinself-evaluations.B.Theytendtobeunabletoknowexactlyhowbadtheyare.C.Theyareintelligentlyinadequateintestsandexams.D.Theylackthecapacitytomonitorhowwelltheyareperforming.62.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthosehigh-scoringstudents______.A.knowhowtocultivateclearlogicandpropergrammarB.don’tknowhowwelltheyperformduetotheirstringentself-judgementC.don’tviewthemselvesascompetentbecausetheyknowtheirlimitsD.tendtobeverycompetentintheirhigh-scoringfieldsSectionC
12Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.NotethatthereareTWOMOREsentencesthanyouneed.AnIceCreamThatPromisesaBetterNight’sSleep?Havebeenlosingsleeplately?____63____Thatstatementistruewhetheritactuallyworks.Butmanypeoplehavetroublesleeping,andmanypeopleloveeatingicecream,andthepossibilityofcookies-and-cream-flavoredAmbien(安必恩，一种安眠药),eventhoughthat’snotexactlyhowtheproductfunctions,isgoingtobeirresistibletoinsomniacs(失眠症患者)everywhere.“____64____”saidRajDasgupta,assistantprofessorofclinicalmedicinespecializinginsleepattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.“Theyknewexactlywheretostrike.”____65____Thepointistheywillnotkeepyouawake,either.Theicecreamisdesignedtoincludelessofthestuffthatcanimpede(阻碍)yourdigestiontocausedisruptedsleep,likesugarandcaffeine.Italsohasboostedlevelsofcertainvitaminsandminerals,suchasmagnesium,whichstudieshaveshownisbeneficialforsleep.____66____Thebestwaytoimproveyoursleepistopracticegoodsleephygiene:Haveasetbedtimeandwaketimeeveryday,avoidcaffeineandscreenslateatnight,and,uh,donoteatwithintwohoursofyourbedtime.Butourwillpowerfailsus.Luckily,comparedwithHaagenDazs,Nightfood’spintshavesignificantlylesssugarandfat—buttheytastewaybetterthanotherlow-fatalternatives,likeHaloTop.A.Partofmeislike,I’mjealousI’mnotpartofthismarketingscheme.B.ThefirstthingyoushouldknowaboutNightfood,anew“sleep-friendly”icecream,isthatit’sageniusidea.C.Nightfood’sicecreamscomeinflavorssuchasBedandBreakfast,chocolatecherryandCookiesn’Dreams.D.Butcanjunkfoodreallysolveyoursleepproblems?Probablynot.E.Ifthey’regoingtoeatitanyway,I’drathertheygrabthenutritiousoneratherthantheTwinkieorthecupcake.F.Nightfood’sicecreamsdonotcontainmelatonin(褪黑激素)orothersleepsupplements,sotheywillnotnecessarilyhelpyoufallasleep.III.ProductiveGrammar（1*10=10分）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Forageswordhasbeengoingaroundthatthedogisman’sbestfriend.Iagree.Adogcanbehandyasanightwatchmanaroundthehouse,asapointeronahuntingtrip,asaguardianandplaymateforthechildren.ButI
13thinkthathavingadogforapetissoexpensiveandannoyingthatIcando____67____suchafriend.Providingforthedog’sneedsissoexpensivethattheanimalshouldbeanincometaxdeduction.There’sthemedicalbillforshotstokeeptheanimalhealthy.Unlessit’skeptinthehouse24hoursaday,afemalemustbegiven“preventivemaintenance,”aten-totwenty-dollarinvestment.Otherwise,____68____youknowit,you’llhavemore“incometaxdeductions”inyourfamily.Anddogshavetoeat.Don’tthinkyoucanbuyacaseofKen-L-Rationandbedonewithit.AdogcanbeasparticularaboutfoodasaFrenchexpert.TofeedevenaChihuahua,averysmallMexicandog,you’llspendthreetofivedollars____69____week.Ifyouownabigdog,youneedalargedog-house.They’reexpensive.Acarpenterwillbuildaluxuriousmodelforaboutseventy-fivedollars.Foraboutthirtydollars’worthofmaterials,aweekend’swork,andasmashedthumb,youcanbuildasimpleone____70____.Andtheseareonlythemajorcosts.Adogissoannoyingthatnooneinhisrightmindwouldwanttoownone.____71____(consider)thedogownerblessedwithadogthatfetchesslippers,rubbertoys,newspapers.Haveyoueasedyourbarefeetintoslippersbittenbydogs,seenalivingroomdestroyedbyatoyboxer,triedtoreadanewspaperchewedtowetpiecesbyanobedientBostonbull?Anddogsmakenoise.Somehugedogsbarkallnight.Butyouaren’ttheonlyone____72____(endure)sleeplessnights;yourneighborsletyouknowtheydidn’tsleepeither.Policemenarefrequentvisitorstodogowners’homes.Theyinquireaboutholes____73____(report)duginneighbors’flowerbeds,prizecatsinjuredandbleeding,andpetchickensandduckssenttotheirreward.Suspect:yourdog!Youdenyeverything,ofcourse.Rex,youassuretheofficers,wasasleepbythedoor.Butyousecretlysuspecthim,becauseyoudon’treallyknowwhereRexwasallweek.Andyouremember____74____(wonder)whyfeatherswerefloatinginhiswaterbowlyesterday.Dogsareannoying.Neitherafire-breathingmother-in-lawnoratalkativewifewillprovemoreannoyingtoamanthanadog.Dogloverswill,ofcourse,claimmyargumentone-sided,evenexaggerated.TheymightconsidermeascruelastheRussians,____75____possiblyattemptingtosolvetheirowncaninecrisis—shotFidointoorbit.Butthefactremains:ifour_____76_____(good)friendscausedustheexpenseandannoyanceourdogdoes,we’dsoonencouragethemtobecomeastronauts.IV.Translation（3+3+4+5=15分）Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.77.如果刚刚你用一张线状图来演示文化冲击不同阶段，效果会好得多。（illustrate）（汉译英）78.看似对封城不太在意，但其实我妈这些天最关心的事就是早中晚饭吃什么。（As,concern）（汉译英）79.
14各国应对疫情的手段不尽相同，但我认为总体而言大家都在试图让民众的生活尽快回归正常。（approach,attempt）（汉译英）80.我们拥有你能想象得到的关于现代健身会所的一切，各种各样的运动器械，受过专业培训的教练，奢华的洗浴设施，甚至还有一个24小时营业的餐厅为会员提供有营养、低热量的餐食。（imagine,which）（汉译英）V.ParagraphWriting（10分）81.ParagraphWritingDoyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatementassportsmanship:FriendshipFirst,CompetitionSecond?GiveONEexplanationtosupportyourargumentwithin80wordsorso.Thefirstparagraphisdoneforyou.Yourbodyparagraphmustincludeatopicsentenceandsupportingdetails.Athletescompetetotheirfullcapacityandwithsportsmanshipinallsportsandgames,showingtheirstrength,speed,skillandatthesametime,goodcharacter.Whatistherealsportsmanship?Does“FriendshipFirst,CompetitionSecond”stillprovecommendableasinfairplay,especiallywiththedevelopmentofcommercialization?Myansweris___yes__（Yes/No）.
15
