2020-2021学年浙江省杭州市滨江区七年级（下）期末数学试卷（附答案详解）

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2020.2021
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ᦪᔁ1.ᑡᐗḄ12A.%—2=-xB,4%+3y=1C.%+-=0D.2x-y=x22.⌕0ᑖ2Eᨵ567ᑣxḄ9:;<=()A.%=#2B.xHlC.x=2D.%=13.ᑡDEFGḄA.Q3+஺2=B.2Q3-a3=1C.x-x2=x3D.a6-ra2=a34.LMNOP2500RSTUV“XᵯZ[◤ᡚᜮ_”Ḅ᝱b7cPdefg400RTU7hiᨵ380RTUᢝlᡂ᝱b,ᑣᑡtuFGḄA.fg2ᐰ☢fgB.᪥ᨵ380RTUᢝlᡂ᝱bC.᪵q400D.᪥ᨵ95%ḄTUᢝlᡂ᝱b5.᝞s7ᑡtuvFGḄA.41wx4yzᑁ|B.42wx8ᑁ┯|C.43wx4y~|D.44wxCyzᑁ|6.ᑡDEFGḄA.%+2yx—2y=/-2y2B.(%—y)(-%—y)=—x2-y2C.%—y2=x2-2xy+y2D.(x+y)2=%2+y27.ᑡ2ᑖNFGḄA.x2—9=(x—9)(%+9)B.a3—a2-ba=a(a2—d)C.(x—l)2-2(x—1)+1=(x—I/D.2x2-8xy+8y2=2(%—2y)28.Oᵨ160ᐗᝄ7ᵨ600ᐗᝄ7ḄᝄᦪḄᝄᦪḄ37ᓫḄᓫ2ᐗ7ᝄḄᓫxᐗ7ᑣᑡᡠᑡFGḄ160A.=3XB•=3xVCr600160160C.3X—=---D.3x—=xx+2X+2X

19.UḄUஹ¢ஹ£ᑖ¤4a(cm),3a(cm),a(cm),O¥¦§¨ᓟª«§☢¬La(c?n2),ᑣ§®⊤☢◤⌕Ḅ¦§ᓟª.()A.76aB.38aC.76a2D.38a210.°±x9²:7³2(x+a)(x+b)=x2+2x+nឤᡂµ7ᑣᐵ·¸ᦪ2a3b+a/—2Ḅ:ᨵᑡh±¹জ»ᣚ”76Ḅ~½7¸ᦪ2Ḅ:v¾ঝ¸ᦪ2Ḅ:ÀFᦪঞ¸ᦪ2Ḅ:vÂ÷-2,ÄÅh±FGḄ()A.জঝB.জঞC.ঝঞD.জ11.┕ÇÈᑡÈÄᨬÃḄÈÊË!È7ÍḄ☢¬L0.0008ÎÏÐ7ᵨÑÒᦪu⊤ÓÊÔÈḄ☢¬LÎÏÐ.12.LMNO᪥Õ
᝕SḄ×£ØÙ7deÚ960RSḄ×£᝞⊤¹ᑖÛ145.5Ü150.5150.5Ü155.5155.5Ü160.5160.5Ü165.5⚣ᦪ613m⚣᳛0.55ᑣmḄ:L.13.ᙽUL25cm,¢L15ceḄUàᩈâPãᨵᩩåæ(᝞sᵬ).èéåæêëḄᙽᔣêÎí2cm(᝞sx)7ᑣîSḄåæḄ☢¬cm2.14.èa-b=7,ab=10,ᑣ(a+b)2=.15.ᐵ·x,yḄÛLï:ñ10,ᑣ#+(2')3Ḅ:L.16.᝞s7òᩩóëôõÎöḄ÷øᢚú7ᢚûLOE,x4BEÎᑖüᡠᙠþüÿ4EDHᑖᡠᙠF,ᑣ41Ḅᦪ______.417.(1)(-3+(ᐔ+3)஺(2)(-2a)3-b3+(6a3b2).2⚓ᐳ13⚓

218.!ᑡ#$(%)প(;*14(2)kE=°.19.+᪥-./012345678ὁ:;45ᡂ=(>ᑖᙳ᦮ᦪ)AB᦮ᳮDᑖEFᑴᡂᡧIJKL⚣ᦪᑖN#KOᑖPQ᝞!(1)ST᪥ᐳᨵVWXYZ[\]^012345_(2)ᑖᦪᙠ“89.5`94.5”ḄᨵVWXYZ_᪥ᡂᡧ᪥ᡂ⚣ᦪᑖ(l)(a-2)(a+3)+3(a-l),ᐸba=1.a-1.1a2+4a+4*a+2'ᐸba=2.21.᝞K3,F,H,EcᙠAABCḄdeS.DE//AC,Zl+Z2=180°.পfg4E஻HF(2)41=43,ijk48"lm""ḄᦪoᐵqDrsᳮᵫ.22.ᵬᙢᑮxᙢᐰ$5.5km,zs{ᵬᙢ|}~xᙢᐸbᨵeᚁ}ஹ}L!ᚁ}.᝞eᚁ}Ḅᙳ2km",!ᚁ}Ḅᙳ(1)zs|}{ᵬᙢᑮxᙢ◤{xᙢ|}ᑮᵬᙢ◤zᩭ|}ᑖEcᵨ;zfzs{ᵬᙢᑮxᙢḄeᚁ}L!ᚁ}Ḅ}$(ᵨᑡ#$%Ḅ#)(2)zs{ᵬᙢᑮxᙢ}eḄᙳv(km/h),eᚁL!ᚁ|Ḅ}$ᑖ

3E1.5kmL2km.zs{xᙢᑮᵬᙢᡠᵨḄm{ᵬᙢᑮxᙢḄ.fzs{xᙢᑮᵬᙢ}e|Ḅᙳ(ᵨvḄᦪ⊤).23.᝞K4x,y(x>y)Ḅ#Iᱏᡂd(x+y)Ḅ#IABCD.(1)ᵨx,yḄᦪ⊤Kbᡠᨵ▢Oᑖ☢¢ḄL(2)£#IABC஺Ḅᕜ¥#IEFGHᕜḄ3¦f§Ḅ¨(3)ᙠ(2)Ḅᩩª!ᵨ⚪¬ᩩªbḄ4#Iᱏ"#IABC஺ᱏL஻#IEFGHᱏ(⊈b᦮ᦪ)ᡂᜧḄ#I(¯°±◣ஹ°³´)£"஻µ¨ᡂḄᜧ#IḄdᨬz_4⚓ᐳ13⚓

4·ᫀL᪆1.ூ·ᫀ௃Bூ᪆௃4¥ᐗ^#$½¥*ᐗ^#$ᦑ¿⌱⚗½Âᔠ⚪Ä8.¥*ᐗ^#$ᦑ¿⌱⚗Âᔠ⚪ÄC.¥ᑖ#$½¥᦮#$½¥*ᐗ^#$ᦑ¿⌱⚗½Âᔠ⚪ÄO.¥*ᐗ*^#$½¥*ᐗ^#$ᦑ¿⌱⚗½Âᔠ⚪Äᦑ⌱B.᪷Æ*ᐗ^#$ḄÇÈ⌲ᑨËᓽÍ.¿⚪ὃÏ*ᐗ^#$ḄÇÈÐÑÒ*ᐗ^#$ḄÇÈ¥]⚪ḄᐵÓÔÄÕᨵÖ×ØᦪDÙᡠ×ØᦪḄ⚗ḄᨬÚ^ᦪ¥1^Ḅ᦮#$Û*ᐗ^#$.2.ூ·ᫀ௃Aூ᪆௃ᵫ⚪Ä>*-2*0,>x+2.ᦑ⌱4᪷ÆᑖܽÝ0ᑡᓽÍ>.¿⚪ὃÏᑖᨵÄÈḄᩩªᑖᨵÄÈᑖܽÝ0,ᑖ°ÄÈᑖÜÝ0.3.ூ·ᫀ௃Cூ᪆௃⌱⚗A,ma2½¥Þ⚗½ÐᔠDᡠß⌱⚗A½Âᔠ⚪Ä⌱⚗8,2a3-a3=a3,ᡠß⌱⚗2½Âᔠ⚪Ä⌱⚗C,᪷ÆàᦪáḄâx-x2=x1+2=x3,ᡠß⌱⚗CÂᔠ⚪Ä⌱⚗஺᪷ÆàᦪãḄ◀a6^a2=a6-2=a4,ᡠß⌱⚗O½Âᔠ⚪Ä.ᦑ⌱C.᪷ÆᔠDÞ⚗ஹàᦪãḄâå◀ᑣABᓽÍ.]⚪ὃÏàᦪ᧊Ḅâஹ◀åᔠDÞ⚗çèéᐸçᑣ¥ê]⚪ᐵÓ.4.ூ·ᫀ௃Dூ᪆௃4ëÏ#¥ì᪵ëÏᦑ]⌱⚗½ᔠ⚪Ä8400Xîïᨵ380Xîᢝñᡂ᝱ᦑ]⌱⚗½ᔠ⚪ÄC.᪵¿óo¥400,ᦑ]⌱⚗½ᔠ⚪ÄDT᪥ôᨵõX100=95%Ḅîᢝñᡂ᝱ᦑ]⌱⚗Âᔠ⚪Äᦑ⌱D.ö÷¥ᢣὃÏḄ;ùḄᐰ÷÷¥ö÷bḄúὃÏḄ;ù᪵¿¥ö÷bᡠìû

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ஹ1᪵Ḅὃ467Ḅᡠ97Ḅ4;Ḅᜧ=.᪵4᪵0ᒹ?ḄḄᦪ@9ABᓫD.5.ூGᫀ௃BA.41JK44MN1ANAMᡠLᡂḄ7NᑁPᦑ(⌱⚗9Tᔠ⚪VW8/2J4894ᑁ┯Pᦑ(⌱⚗Tᔠ⚪VYC.N3JK44MNACAMᡠLᡂḄ7DPᦑ(⌱⚗9Tᔠ⚪VWJNC4MNBCACᡠLᡂḄ7NᑁPᦑ(⌱⚗9Tᔠ⚪VWᦑ⌱YB.᪷7NᑁPஹᑁ┯Pஹ7DPḄᭆᑨ[ᓽ].(⚪ὃ*7NᑁPஹᑁ┯Pஹ7DP^_7NᑁPஹᑁ┯Pஹ7DPḄᭆ4+⚪Ḅᐵ3.6.ூGᫀ௃Cூ+᪆௃+:A.(x+2y)(x—2y)=x2-4y2,ᦑ⌱⚗9Tᔠ⚪V;y)(-x-y)=y2-x2,ᦑ⌱⚗9Tᔠ⚪VWC.(x—y)2=x2-2xy+y2,ᦑ⌱⚗Tᔠ⚪VWD.[x4-y)2=x2+2xy+y2,ᦑ⌱⚗9Tᔠ⚪VWᦑ⌱YC.᪷cᐰefghJefigh⌲ᑨ[ᓽ].⚪ὃ*cᐰefghJefighA^_cᐰefghJefigh4+(⚪Ḅᐵ3.7.ூGᫀ௃Dூ+᪆௃+YA%2-9=(x-3)(%+3),ᦑ(⌱⚗9ᔠ⚪VWB.a3-a2+a=a(a2-a+1),ᦑ(⌱⚗9ᔠ⚪VWk6⚓ᐳ13⚓

6C.(x-l)2—2(%—1)+1=(x—2)2,ᦑ(⌱⚗9ᔠ⚪VWD.2x2—8xy+8y2=2(x-2y)2,ᦑ(⌱⚗Tᔠ⚪VWᦑ⌱YD.4.}~ᑭᵨefighᑖ+hGᫀWᕒ}~gh“ᑖ+hᓽ]WC.}~ᑭᵨcᐰefghᑖ+hGᫀW஺.✌ᐜgh2,ᑭᵨcᐰefghᑖ+hGᫀ.(⚪⌕ὃ*ghghᑖ+h&ᵨgh4+⚪ᐵ3.8.ூGᫀ௃Bூ+᪆௃+Yk"ᝄḄᓫ4xᐗᑣkḄᓫ(x+2)ᐗ᪷⚪VYA=3x&,x+2xᦑ⌱YB.k"ᝄḄᓫ4xᐗ᪷“kḄᝄᦪ4k"ḄᝄᦪḄ3”ᑡfᓽ].ὃ*ᵫ¢▭/⚪¤ᑖhfḄ¥¦+⚪Ḅᐵ34ᑮ⚪@0Ḅ¨ᐵ©ª᪷¨ᐵ©ᑡf«¬9ᜧ.9.ூGᫀ௃Aூ+᪆௃+Yᵫ⚪¥¯fḄ⊤☢²Y4ax3ax2+4axax2+3axax2=38a2(cm2),◤⌕·¸38a2-T-(|a)=76a(ᓟ¾)ᦑ⌱YA.ᐜ¿À¯f⊤☢²᪷Áᓟ¾]¸☢²Ya(cm2),¿À·¸Ḅᵨᓽ].⚪⌕ὃ¯fḄ⊤☢²ÂᦪhḄ¿À¨¥¦Ã^ÄÅƯf⊤☢²gh4+⚪Ḅᐵ3.10.ூGᫀ௃Aூ+᪆௃+Y•.,¨h(É+Q)(x+b)=+2%+71ឤᡂÍᓽ/+(a+b)x+ab=x2+2x+nឤᡂÍ,.(Q+b=2lab=n'•a3b+ab3-2=ab(a2+b2)-2=ab[(a+b}2—2ab]—2=n[22—2n]—2=4n-2n2—2

7=-2n2+4n-2=-2(n-l)2<0,••-2(n-1)20Ð1஻ᨵᐵᦑজ&W᪷ᏔÕÖ×ᦪY—2(n—1)230,ᦑঝ&ঞ┯ÚWᦑ⌱YA.ᵫ¨h(x+a)(x+b)=x2+2x+riឤᡂÍ,⊤Ûa+b=2,ab=n,Üa3b+ab3—2ᓄÞab[(a+b)2-2ab]-2,Üa+b,ßḄàÂᐭᯠ%ãf].⚪ឤ¨häåὃ*ãfḄæᵨJᏔçÖ×ᦪḄæᵨᐵ34᪷ឤ¨hèa+b,abḄàÜa+b,?ḄàÂᐭa'b+a/—2ãfᓄÞᓽ].11.ூGᫀ௃8xICT,ூ+᪆௃+Y0.0008=8xKF.ᦑGᫀY8x10-4ᵨêë_ᦪ⊤Ûì=Ḅᦪ"íîhaxIO",ᐸ01<|a|<10,wᵫðᦪñòók"9ôḄᦪõö☢Ḅ0Ḅᦪᡠ÷'.(⚪ὃêë_ᦪḄ⊤Ûf⊤Ûᐵ3⌕&'aḄà஻Ḅà.12.ூGᫀ௃8ூ+᪆௃+:øùᙠ“155.5û160.5”Ḅ⚣ᦪY60X0.55=33(A),m=60-6-13-33=8(ý)ᦑGᫀY8.᪷⚣ᦪஹ⚣᳛ஹ
ᦪÿḄᐵᙠ“155.5160.5”Ḅ⚣ᦪḄ.⚪ὃ⚣ᦪᑖ⊤ᳮ⚣ᦪஹ⚣᳛ஹᦪḄᐵ!"#Ḅ$%.13.ூ(ᫀ௃30ூ᪆௃,-.Ḅ/0Ḅ☢23,(25+2)x15-25x15=(27-2)x15=30(cm2).ᦑ(ᫀ3,30.ᑭᵨ89:;Ḅ☢2<=>9:;Ḅ☢2?ᑮ-.Ḅ/0Ḅ☢2.⚪A⌕ὃC.DEḄFGHIᑭᵨᑭᵨJK9:;;Ḅ☢2L?/0Ḅ☢2⚪ᐵM.14.ூ(ᫀ௃89ூ᪆௃,a—b=7,ab=10,•••(a+b)2=(a—b)2+4ab=72+4x10=89,N8⚓ᐳ13⚓

8ᦑ(ᫀ3,89.ᐜ᪷UVᐰF:XY?Za+b^2=Za-by+4ab,bcᐭ(ᫀᓽf.⚪ὃCVᐰF:XYghiVᐰF:XYj⚪ḄᐵM,lm,Za+=a2+2ab+b2,Za—6^2=a2-2ab+b2.15.ூ(ᫀ௃|s᪆௃,ᐵtx,yḄ:uv3:?r,3.14X=2+-Q,y=1+-a,2z2ᡠz2{+2|^3=2*+23y_22+1.5a_2_23+1.5a=2T_1=—,2ᦑ(ᫀ3,ᐵtX,^Ḅ:uv3}~::fḄXஹyḄcᐭ2|+2ஹ^3"#ᓽf.⚪ὃ~ᐗ:uvᦪḄ◀!Ḅ~ᐗ:uvḄᦪḄ◀ᑣ!"#Ḅ$%.16.ூ(ᫀ௃36°ூ᪆௃,᝞.QONBED=x,Ij/F==±X.44ᵫ⚪m?,(BED=(DEM=x,AH//EM.BDE=DEH=%,(EDH=180°-%.Z-EBD=180°(BEDBDE=180°-2%./.^LABE=180°-Z-EBD=2x..•¢£3N¤4BEḄ¦Fᑖ£.1•ABN=-Z,ABE=X.:'Z-FBD=ABN=x..•¢£஺¨¤EDHḄ¦Fᑖ£ᡠᙠ¢£.1x:.FDE=-(360°-ZEDH)=90°+-.xx•4BDF=FDE(BDE=(90°+-)-%=90°--.••BFD+Z.FBD+FDB=180°.3xA-%4-x+90°--=180°.

9Ax=72°.Z1=-EBD=180°-2x=36°.ᵨF®£Ḅឋ°ஹ;±ᢚḄᱯ´µᔠ·FBDḄᑁ¦¹ºt180஺»ᑡᐵY?µ½.⚪A⌕ὃF®£Ḅឋ°ஹ;±ᢚḄᱯ´µᔠ¾¦;ᑁ¦¹Ḅឋ°ᵨᓄÀḄÁÂẚÄ⚪.17.ூ(ᫀ௃,Z1^Z3^2+Zᐔ+3^°=9+1=10}Z2^Z-2a^3-b3+Z6஺3/^=—8a31b3+6a3b2=--b.3ூ᪆௃Z1^¢ÆᑭᵨÇᢣᦪḄឋ°ᓄÉ?(ᫀ}Z2^¢Æᑭᵨ2ḄÊ:#ᑣᓄÉbᑭᵨᓫ⚗Y◀ᓫ⚗Y#ᑣ"#?(ᫀ.j⚪A⌕ὃCÇᢣᦪḄឋ°zÍ2ḄÊ:#ஹᓫ⚗Y◀ᓫ⚗Y#!Îᐵ#ᑣ⚪ᐵM.18.ூ(ᫀ௃:Z1^Ï2,~Ð,জx2+ঝ?ᑮ5%=15,%=3,Ó3cᐭজ?ᑮ,y=1•••>:uvḄ331:}Z2^JÔÕÊzZX—2^Zx+2^,?ᑮ,%+2-4=0,x=2,×ØÙ,x=2Ú>:uḄ>:uÛÜᦪ.ூ᪆௃Z1^ᵨÝ<:uvᓽf}Z2^ᐜ=ᑖÞbßᓄ3᦮Y:u(.j⚪A⌕ὃC~ᐗ:uvḄ¹ᑖY:u:uvḄᐵMáᐗáᐗḄ:ᨵJã,জÝ<áᐗঝcᐭáᐗ.äᦪᡂæᦪᐵYçᵨÝ<áᐗ,ᦪ31èçᵨcᐭáᐗ}ᑖY:ué⌕Ù᪷.N10⚓ᐳ13⚓

1019.ூ(ᫀ௃,Z1
1+2+7.5%=40
A,(,jêÝëìíîïðḄñ.ᐳᨵ40ò}
2ᡂóᙠ“69.579.5”vḄòᦪᨵ,40x20%=8
ò^ᡂóᙠ74.579.5”vḄòᦪ3,8-2=6
ò^ᡂóᙠ“89.594.5”vḄòᦪ3,40-1-2-2-6-8-7-4=10
ò^(,ᑖᦪᙠ“89.594.5”Ḅᨵ10ôñ..ூ᪆௃Z1»JKõ"Efö“59.569.5”Ḅ⚣ᦪ31+2=3òᓰøòᦪḄ7.5%,᪷U⚣ᦪ◀z⚣᳛ºtøᦪfµù}
2“69.579.5”Ḅòᦪb᪷U⚣ᦪᑖ¢:%úḄûü¹ᦪU®"#ᓽf.⚪ὃ⚣ᦪᑖ¢:ஹᡧ;õ"ᳮJKõ"EᦪþḄᐵ!(Ḅ$%⚣᳛=ÿ
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2-BHF=2-CFH,ᳮᵫ᝞O••DE//AC,•z.3=Z.C,z.1=z4.vzl=z3,:.z.4=Z.C.-AE//HFf•z.4=z.5,

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DEf>gḄᑨkkᳮCឋikᳮ.22.ூᫀ௃(1)l7ᵬᙢᑮpᙢqᚁstH,”Oᚁst)&஻?᪷T⚪wbxx=2x:y=2.5'•••{J7ᵬᙢᑮpᙢḄqᚁss|2km,OᚁsḄs|2.5km(2)•.{J7ᵬᙢᑮpᙢfsqḄfᙳ~km"),qᚁCOᚁḄs|ᑖ1.5kmC2km,•••7ᵬᙢᑮpᙢḄfss|5.5-1.5-2=2(km),l7pᙢᑮᵬᙢfsqḄfᙳ~a(km"),᪷T⚪wbx1.5,2,21.5,2,2—H----1--=-H-----F,a=-
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